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The COVID-19 pandemic has affected every aspect of our lives and institutions, and unfortunately marine crime is also an area that has not been bypassed. Although we could say that during the lockdown period the environment was somewhat protected, it seems that after things started to return to normal and the crimes started to appear again. Between 1 and 30 March 2021, 67 states, including Romania, joined forces in a large-scale global operation coordinated by Europol and Frontex, as part of the EMPACT action plan on environmental crime, with global activities coordinated by INTERPOL. As a result of the 30 Days at Sea action, which is in its third edition, a large number of crimes against the pollution of the marine environment have been detected, and several sanctions have been applied, which proves that humanity is taking a stand against any form of environmental aggression in which we all live together. Through this article we have proposed to present and analyze both the crimes detected and the sanctions that have been applied by carrying out this extensive action, in all its three editions.

The success of the messenger RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines of Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech marks the beginning of a new chapter in modern medicine. However, the rapid rise of mRNA therapeutics has resulted in a regulatory framework that is somewhat lagging. The current guidelines either do not apply, do not mention RNA therapeutics, or do not have widely accepted definitions. This review describes the guidelines for preclinical biodistribution studies of mRNA/siRNA therapeutics and highlights the relevant differences for mRNA vaccines. We also discuss the role of in vivo RNA imaging techniques and other assays to fulfill and/or complement the regulatory requirements. Specifically, quantitative whole-body autoradiography, microautoradiography, mass spectrometry-based assays, hybridization techniques (FISH, bDNA), PCR-based methods, in vivo fluorescence imaging, and in vivo bioluminescence imaging, are discussed. We conclude that this new and rapidly evolving class of medicines demands a multi-layered approach to fully understand its biodistribution and in vivo characteristics.

Assessment of the projected future climate change relies on experiments using complex climate models (i.e., Earth System Models) that can realistically represent the Earth climate system. In this work package we made great efforts to enhance our capability in climate modelling using the family of the EC-Earth3 Earth System Model, and to increase our contribution to the international Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). The contributions include performing another set of climate change simulations for the historical period (https://www.dmi.dk/fileadmin/Rapporter/2021/DMI_Report_21-33.pdf1850-2014) followed by four future scenarios (i.e., SSP5-8.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP2-4.5, SSp1-2.6, respectively) using the Earth System Model EC- Earth3-Veg; Extending the climate change simulation under the high-end emission scenario SSP5- 8.5 to year 2300; and performing the new CMIP6-endorsed CovidMIP aiming at assessing the climate impact of the emission reduction due to COVID19 pandemic. Archiving the CMIP6 experiment data following the CMIP6 standards and compliance on the Earth System Federation Grid (ESGF) data nodes is important to ensure the contribution to CMIP6 is available for scientists worldwide to access the data for a variety of applications from assessment and understanding of climate change, to studies of climate impacts and mitigation. We have worked a great deal to prepare the above mentioned and other CMIP6 simulation data for publishing on the DMI's ESGF data node. The processes involve in reformatting the simulation data into the CMIP standard and quality control the reformatted data to ensure their correctness. With our efforts and contributions to CMIP6, we have joined several multi-model multi-member ensemble analyses using the CMIP6 experiment ensembles. We have quantified the future climate changes under variety of future scenarios, and analyzed climate response to the COVID19 related emission reduction. We have also participated in the documentation of the EC-Earth3 model development and performance. These studies have led to a number of scientific papers. We foresee our contributed simulation ensembles, as subsets in the CMIP6 experiment ensembles, have contributed and will continue to contribute to many climate change assessments and studies for many years ahead. www.dmi.dk