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Based on a workshop organised by the Atlantic Salmon Trust, held in Edinburgh Tuesday, 6th November – Thursday, 8th November 2017.; International audience

[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]BELCA; Fiche technique; Cette méthode décrit la mesure in vivo, par détection fluorimétrique dans un milieu d’essai d’un efflux issu d’une activité de bio transformation de pro-larves de poissons zèbre exposées à de l’éthoxyrésorufine. Cette activité de biotransformation, est une activité EROD (Ethoxy-Resorufine-O-Dééthylase) mesurée en réponse à une exposition préalable des organismes à un échantillon ou une substance susceptible de moduler cette activité. Le présent protocole comprend donc la phase d’exposition préalable selon un protocole standard suivi de la phase de mesure de l’activité EROD par efflux.

[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]QUASARE [TR2_IRSTEA]SEDYVIN; Dans le cadre de la troisième semaine de cours de l'UVED, grâce à ce MOOC partez à la découverte de la biodiversité des milieux terrestres et aquatiques continentaux. Il s'agit de milieux extrêmement diversifiés et faisant l'objet de dynamiques tout à fait spécifiques, à l'image des rivières intermittentes ou des successions écologiques des milieux forestiers. Ces milieux constituent également des trames, dont certaines présentent d'importantes variations physico-chimiques, à l'image des rivières de la source à l'estuaire. La biodiversité y est très riche et plusieurs perspectives de préservation vous sont présentées. Au sommaire : bois mort, dendro-micro-habitats et biodiversité ; la biodiversité estuarienne ; les poissons migrateurs amphihalins, traits d'union entre la mer et les eaux douces ; la biodiversité des rivières intermittentes ; les végétaux aquatiques : de la biodiversité à la bioindication ; biodiversité forestière : état des lieux ; succession forestière et biodiversité en milieu tempéré ; biodiversité continentale : rivières et forêts.

In managing for marine biodiversity, it is worth recognising that, whilst every species contributes to biodiversity, each contribution is not of equal importance. Some have important effects and interactions, both primary and secondary, on other components in the community and therefore by their presence or absence directly affect the biodiversity of the community as a whole. Keystone species have been defined as species that have a disproportionate effect on their environment relative to their abundance. As such, keystone species might be of particular relevance for the marine biodiversity characterisation within the assessment of Good Environmental Status (GEnS), for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD).The DEVOTES Keystone Catalogue and associated deliverable document is a review of potential keystone species of the different European marine habitats. The catalogue has 844 individual entries, which includes 210 distinct species and 19 groups classified by major habitat in the Baltic Sea, North East Atlantic, Mediterranean, Black Sea (EU Regional Seas) and Norwegian Sea (Non-­‐EU Sea). The catalogue and the report make use/cite 164 and 204 sources respectively. The keystones in the catalogue are indicated by models, by use as indicators, by published work (e.g. on traits and interactions with other species), and by expert opinion based on understanding of systems and roles of species/groups. A total of 74 species were considered to act as keystone predators, 79 as keystone engineers, 66 as keystone habitat forming species, while a few were thought of having multiple roles in their marine ecosystems. Benthic invertebrates accounted for 50% of the reported keystone species/groups, while macroalgae contributed 17% and fish12%. Angiosperms were consistently put forward as keystone habitat forming and engineering species in all areas. A significant number of keystones were invasive alien species.Only one keystone, the bivalve Mya arenaria, was common to all four EU regional seas. The Mediterranean Sea had the largest number of potential keystones (56% of the entries) with the least in the Norwegian Sea. There were very few keystones in deep waters (Bathyal-­‐Abyssal, 200+ m), with most reported in sublittoral shallow and shelf seabeds or for pelagic species in marine waters with few in reduced/variable salinity waters. The gaps in coverage and expertise in the catalogue are analysed at the habitat and sea level, within the MSFD biodiversity component groups and in light of knowledge and outputs from ecosystem models (Ecopath with Ecosim).The understanding of keystones is discussed as to when a species may be a dominant or keystone with respect to the definition term concerning ‘disproportionate abundance’, how important are the ‘disproportionate effects’ in relation to habitat formers and engineers, what separates a key predator and key prey for mid-­‐trophic range species and how context dependency makes a species a keystone. Keystone alien invasive species are reviewed and the use of keystone species model outputs investigated. In the penultimate sections of the review the current level of protection on keystone species and the possibilities for a keystone operational metric and their use in management and in GEnS assessments for the MSFD are discussed. The final section highlights the one keystone species and its interactions not covered in the catalogue but with the greatest impact on almost all marine ecosystems, Homo sapiens. WP6, Deliverable 6.1, DEVOTES Project

This deliverable is the French version of the NGO stakeholder paper for the Atlantic salmon case study. The paper is planned to be published in the French journal Sciences Eaux et Territoires (www.set-revue.fr). The modelling approach developed during the Ecoknows project in collaboration with the ICES Working Group on North Atlantic Salmon is reviewed. Models are being developed that provide improvement to the stock assessment models currently used by the ICES WGNAS and paves the way toward harmonizing the stock assessment models used in the Baltic (WGBAST) and in the North Atlantic (WGNAS). A life cycle model has been successfully developed in the Hierarchical Bayesian framework that brings a substantial contribution to A. salmon stock assessment on a broad ocean scale. The model captures the joint dynamics of all the populations considered by ICES for stock assessment in the five regions of the South Eastern-North Atlantic Ocean: France, England and Wales, Ireland and Northern Ireland, Scotland and Iceland. Results show that marine survival, has fluctuated markedly through time with a clear shift in 1990. Maturing probability after decades of increase is now slightly decreasing, indicating some fundamental changes in stocks biology or in their environment.Temporal fluctuations in key population dynamic parameters and abundances are quite synchronous across stocks and reinforce the hypothesis of a response to large scale environmental forcing during the marine phase of the life cycle. il s'agit d'un type de produit dont les métadonnées ne correspondent pas aux métadonnées attendues dans les autres types de produit : REPORT Localisation R 2536 National audience

Extrait de document; L’étude du peuplement de poisson de la partie fluviale soumise à marée de l’estuaire a été longtemps délaissée par les biologistes fluviaux qui voyaient une contrainte à travailler dans un milieu hautement instable avec un fort marnage et par les biologiste marin qui évitaient de se frotter à des espèces d’eau douce beaucoup moins connues de ces derniers. Il est donc nécessaire d’acquérir les connaissances de base sur le peuplement de poisson par des inventaires dans la masse d’eau soumise à des hypoxies ponctuelles mais également à titre de comparaison sur une masse d’eau similaire, la Dordogne, pour laquelle ces évènements hypoxiques sont absents ou presque.