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In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2022) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2024-01-04. We conducted an experiment with large volume in situ mesocosms (~55–60 m3 and 21 m depth) in Raunefjord (Bergen), Norway in 2015 to investigate how ocean acidification (OA) extreme events affect food web structure and carbon export in a natural plankton community, particularly focusing on the keystone species Oikopleura dioica, a globally abundant appendicularian.

The data set consists of high resolution airborne measurements that were obtained mainly over Svalbard and near the sea ice edge north of Svalbard on three days in March 2013 during the campaign "SpringTime Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment (STABLE). STABLE was led by the Alfred Wegener Institue (AWI) and by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). The measurements were performed using the POLAR 5 research aircraft, where all research flights of 5-6 hours duration started and ended at Longyearbyen airport. During STABLE, observations focused on the vertical structure of the lower troposphere as well as boundary layer modifications, e.g. during marine cold-air outbreaks and by convection over leads in sea ice. The data set presented here predominantly consists of measurements that were obtained over the Wijdefjorden, which is a North-South oriented fjord with a length of more than 100km in the northern part of Spitsbergen. The measurements were carried out to study the boundary layer structure in the fjord as well as for analyses of the role of the topography on the atmospheric conditions. In its southern part, the fjord was covered by land-fast sea ice until about 72.5km north of the fjord's head. In its northern part, there was open water. descent towards south/southeast on the same track as leg t05

The data set consists of high resolution airborne measurements that were obtained mainly over Svalbard and near the sea ice edge north of Svalbard on three days in March 2013 during the campaign "SpringTime Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment (STABLE). STABLE was led by the Alfred Wegener Institue (AWI) and by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). The measurements were performed using the POLAR 5 research aircraft, where all research flights of 5-6 hours duration started and ended at Longyearbyen airport. During STABLE, observations focused on the vertical structure of the lower troposphere as well as boundary layer modifications, e.g. during marine cold-air outbreaks and by convection over leads in sea ice. The data set presented here predominantly consists of measurements that were obtained over the Wijdefjorden, which is a North-South oriented fjord with a length of more than 100km in the northern part of Spitsbergen. The measurements were carried out to study the boundary layer structure in the fjord as well as for analyses of the role of the topography on the atmospheric conditions. In its southern part, the fjord was covered by land-fast sea ice until about 72.5km north of the fjord's head. In its northern part, there was open water. leg #7 of saw-tooth pattern over Wijdefjorden

This dataset of radio-echo sounding internal reflecting horizons (IRH) which were traced across the radar surveys conducted in the 2019/20 Antarctic summer season at Little Come C, in the Dome C region of the East Antarctic Plateau. The data set is associated to publication: Chung, A., et al. (2023). The data were collected during a radar survey conducted in the Antarctic field seasons of 2019-20 using the Little Dome C - Very High Frequency (LDC-VHF) multichannel coherent radar depth sounder developed through a collaboration of The University of Alabama (UA), the University of Copenhagen (CPH) and the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI). The survey covered Patches A and B of Little Dome C (Lilien et al., 2021), in order to select the exact drill site for the Beyond EPICA Oldest Ice drilling project. The datasets consists of 12 transects systematically covering Patches A and B with parallel lines, over an area of approximately 5×8 km^2. The dataset contains 19 IRHs, the basal unit horizon and the ice-bed interface which were manually traced by Ailsa Chung, using the seismic environment of the Echos software from Paradigm Geophysical. A single file for each IRH is provided in a text file, tab separated format with both depth and two-way travel time. The conversion to depth done using c = 0.1685 m/μs and firn correction of 10 m. The IRHs are provided at approximately 3.5 m spacial resolution.

Before the experiments, the stock cultures of the three species were maintained in GEOMAR for years. Algae were cultivated in sterile-filtered (0.2 µm) f/2 media prepared with artificial seawater (Guillard and Ryther, 1962; Kester et al., 1967). Media were enriched with essential trace metals buffered by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, 12 µmol L-1). Cells grew at 18°C with a 12:12h light and dark cycle under 200 µmol photons m-2 s-1 of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Amphidinium carterea strain 'CCAP1102' was originally obtained from University of Oldenburg; Thalassiosira weissflogii strain 'CCMP1336' from Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences and Emiliania huxleyi strain 'B92/11' from Plymouth Marine Laboratory.---The last three rows of the data table refer to the measurements of Nickel stock solutions used for the experiments. In laboratory culture experiments, phytoplankton species were exposed to a range of nickel concentrations at GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel. The experiments were perfomed between Feburary and August 2021. Overall, three experiments were conducted, each with a different taxonomical species (the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae, the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii). Cells were acclimated to experiment conditions for at least 1 week (under salinity 33, 18˚C, 12:12 light and dark cycle). Throughout the experiment cell density was recorded with BD Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer. After the experiment, nickel concentration was measured with ThermoFisher Scientific ElementXR. The study was supported by the OCEAN-ALK-ALIGN project funded by the Carbon to Sea and the Thistledown Foundation.

The data set consists of high resolution airborne measurements that were obtained mainly over Svalbard and near the sea ice edge north of Svalbard on three days in March 2013 during the campaign "SpringTime Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment (STABLE). STABLE was led by the Alfred Wegener Institue (AWI) and by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). The measurements were performed using the POLAR 5 research aircraft, where all research flights of 5-6 hours duration started and ended at Longyearbyen airport. During STABLE, observations focused on the vertical structure of the lower troposphere as well as boundary layer modifications, e.g. during marine cold-air outbreaks and by convection over leads in sea ice. The data set presented here predominantly consists of measurements that were obtained over the Wijdefjorden, which is a North-South oriented fjord with a length of more than 100km in the northern part of Spitsbergen. The measurements were carried out to study the boundary layer structure in the fjord as well as for analyses of the role of the topography on the atmospheric conditions. In its southern part, the fjord was covered by land-fast sea ice until about 72.5km north of the fjord's head. In its northern part, there was open water. leg #5 of saw-tooth pattern over Wijdefjorden

The data set consists of high resolution airborne measurements that were obtained mainly over Svalbard and near the sea ice edge north of Svalbard on three days in March 2013 during the campaign "SpringTime Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiment (STABLE). STABLE was led by the Alfred Wegener Institue (AWI) and by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). The measurements were performed using the POLAR 5 research aircraft, where all research flights of 5-6 hours duration started and ended at Longyearbyen airport. During STABLE, observations focused on the vertical structure of the lower troposphere as well as boundary layer modifications, e.g. during marine cold-air outbreaks and by convection over leads in sea ice. The data set presented here predominantly consists of measurements that were obtained over the Wijdefjorden, which is a North-South oriented fjord with a length of more than 100km in the northern part of Spitsbergen. The measurements were carried out to study the boundary layer structure in the fjord as well as for analyses of the role of the topography on the atmospheric conditions. In its southern part, the fjord was covered by land-fast sea ice until about 72.5km north of the fjord's head. In its northern part, there was open water. leg #2 of saw-tooth pattern over Wijdefjorden, from South/Southeast to North/Northwest