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This data was collected during an short-term incubation experiment in March 2017 that investigated the response of a surface plankton community to upwelling. This experiment was carried in the framework of the SFB754-funded KOSMOS mesocosm study that took place in La Punta, Callao, Peru between February-April 2017. A total of six different treatments were used to disentangle chemical and biological characteristics of deep water that influence surface plankton blooms: 2 different deep water sources with different nutrient concentrations; 3 treatments to distinguish the effects of inorganic nutrients, organic nutrients and deep water microbial populations. Measured variables include inorganic nutrient concentrations, phytoplankton abundances, Chlorophyll a, cDOM, and rates of leucine aminopeptidase activity.

Computer models are necessary for understanding and predicting marine ice sheet behaviour. However, there is uncertainty over implementation of physical processes at the ice base, both for grounded and floating glacial ice. Here we implement several sliding relations in a marine ice sheet flow-line model accounting for all stress components and demonstrate that model resolution requirements are strongly dependent on both the choice of basal sliding relation and the spatial distribution of ice shelf basal melting.Sliding relations that reduce the magnitude of the step change in basal drag from grounded ice to floating ice (where basal drag is set to zero) show reduced dependence on resolution compared to a commonly used relation, in which basal drag is purely a power law function of basal ice velocity. Sliding relations in which basal drag goes smoothly to zero as the grounding line is approached from inland (due to a physically motivated incorporation of effective pressure at the bed) provide further reduction in resolution dependence.A similar issue is found with the imposition of basal melt under the floating part of the ice shelf: melt parameterisations that reduce the abruptness of change in basal melting from grounded ice (where basal melt is set to zero) to floating ice provide improved convergence with resolution compared to parameterisations in which high melt occurs adjacent to the grounding line.Thus physical processes, such as sub-glacial outflow (which could cause high melt near the grounding line), impact on capability to simulate marine ice sheets. If there exists an abrupt change across the grounding line in either basal drag or basal melting, then high resolution will be required to solve the problem. However, the plausible combination of a physical dependency of basal drag on effective pressure, and the possibility of low ice shelf basal melt rates next to the grounding line, may mean that some marine ice sheet systems can be reliably simulated at a coarser resolution than currently thought necessary.

1. Supplementary methods Gas chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry protocol for the analysis of trace levels of fluoxetine in water. 2. Supplementary tables Table S1. Sperm quality parameters measured with Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA). Table S2. Summary of statistical models. Table S3. Sperm quality measures in control (0 ng/L; n = 51), low-fluoxetine-exposed (30 ng/L; n = 50) and high-fluoxetine-exposed (380 ng/L; n = 53) males. ANCOVA results presented are for the effect of fluoxetine treatment on each response variable. 3. Supplementary figure Figure S1. Relationship between total sperm count (×106) and standard length (mm) of control (0 ng/L; n = 32), low-fluoxetine (30 ng/L, n = 29) and high-fluoxetine (380 ng/L, n = 29) males. In each panel, points indicate measurements for individual fish within the corresponding treatment group. Lines indicate the fitted relationship between standard length and sperm count for the focal treatment (black line) and, for reference, the other treatments (grey lines).

Background: Social and environmental factors can profoundly impact an individual’s investment of resources into different components of reproduction. Such allocation trade-offs are expected to be amplified under challenging environmental conditions. To test these predictions, we used a desert-dwelling fish, the desert goby, Chlamydogobius eremius, to experimentally investigate the effects of prior social experience (with either a male or a female) on male investment in courtship and aggression under physiologically benign and challenging conditions (i.e., low versus high salinity). Results: We found that males maintained a higher level of aggression towards a rival after a recent encounter with a female, compared to an encounter with a male, under low (but not high) salinity. In contrast, male investment in courtship behaviour was unaffected by either salinity or social experience. Conclusion: Together, our results suggest that male investment in aggression and courtship displays can differ in their sensitivity to environmental conditions and that not all reproductive behaviours are similarly influenced by the same environmental context. Data-set: experiment 1 of EVOB-D-15-00458Data-set with all relevant variables: experiment 1, EVOB-D-15-00458Data(EVOB-D-15-00458)_Experiment1.xlsData-set: experiment 2, EVOB-D-15-00458Data-set with all relevant variables: experiment 2, EVOB-D-15-00458Data(EVOB-D-15-00458)_Experiment2.xls