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Managing marine nonindigenous species (mNIS) is challenging, because marine environments are highly connected, allowing the dispersal of species across large spatial scales, including geopolitical borders. Cross-border inconsistencies in biosecurity management can promote the spread of mNIS across geopolitical borders, and incursions often go unnoticed or unreported. Collaborative surveillance programs can enhance the early detection of mNIS, when response may still be possible, and can foster capacity building around a common threat. Regional or international databases curated for mNIS can inform local monitoring programs and can foster real-time information exchange on mNIS of concern. When combined, local species reference libraries, publicly available mNIS databases, and predictive modeling can facilitate the development of biosecurity programs in regions lacking baseline data. Biosecurity programs should be practical, feasible, cost-effective, mainly focused on prevention and early detection, and be built on the collaboration and coordination of government, nongovernment organizations, stakeholders, and local citizens for a rapid response.

These supplementary teaching resources align to the open textbook, Fish, Fishing, and Conservation which is a 389-page, peer-reviewed publicly-available, openly-licensed textbook intended for undergraduate students who are exploring majors in Fish & Wildlife. It is also relevant to a general audience or for use in courses which explore social and ethical aspects of fish, fishing and conservation. The open textbook, Fish, Fishing, and Conservation, is freely available at https://doi.org/10.21061/fishandconservation Supplementary teaching resources include a sample course syllabus, schedule, and a variety of assignments. Individuals who wish to share their materials relevant to teaching in this subject area are encouraged to join and share their openly-licensed resources via the Fish, Fishing, and Conservation Instructor Group in OERCommons Are you reviewing or adopting Fish, Fishing, and Conservation for a course? Please help us understand your use by completing this form https://bit.ly/fishandconservation_interest VIVA (Virtual Library of Virginia)

Mesopelagic fishes are a crucial component of the world's oceans in terms of their abundance, biomass, and ecosystem function. These fishes are important contributors to the biological carbon pump via their feeding and behaviors, whereby they facilitate the transfer of carbon from shallow waters to the deep sea. Several species undertake diel vertical migration, feeding in shallower waters at night and moving to deeper waters during the day. This process actively expedites the downward flux of carbon. However, carbon budgets and climate models require accurate information regarding the depth distributions and migration patterns of these fishes, and environmental DNA (eDNA) analyses can provide this information. Here, we utilize eDNA approaches, generating taxonomically-informative COI and 12S reference barcodes for 80 species of mesopelagic fishes, which can be used to for species-level identification of eDNA sequences. Using these, along with a publicly available barcode database, we compare results from eDNA analysis with traditional net sampling and explore the ability of eDNA techniques to detect diel vertical migration in fishes from samples collected in Northwest Atlantic Slope Water. We found that eDNA and net samples often resulted in different species identifications, demonstrating that eDNA can detect species that would otherwise be missed with traditional methods. In our eDNA samples, we also detected more species (12) in our shallowest depth category (0–100 m) from nighttime samples than from daytime samples (3). This is consistent with increased diversity in shallow waters at night due to diel vertical migration. Based on the variability observed in sample duplicates, we suggest that future mesopelagic eDNA studies incorporate larger sample volumes and scaled-up sampling efforts. We also note the potential for eDNA analysis to address ecological questions such as predator-prey relationships and identification of foraging hotspots, yielding insights into carbon flow through the ocean's midwaters.

The Workshop is part of a yearly series within the AI/ML-Cluster in Subtopic 2.4 of the research program PoF IV: Changing Earth - Sustaining our Future.

IceBird Winter 2023 is part of a long-term sea ice observation program within the IceBird aircraft campaign series. IceBird was initiated in 2018 with the objective to ensure the long-term availability of a unique data record of direct sea-ice thickness observations to understand the role of the sea ice component for the causes and consequences of Arctic change, but is built on the heritage of airborne sea-ice thickness observations that date back to 2004. Compared to earlier airborne programs, IceBird has been enhanced with an improved sensor setup that also allows measuring snow depth on sea ice, fully collocated with sea-ice thickness and surface roughness at high resolution. The objectives of IceBird Winter 2023 include the continued quantification of trends, the separation of variability and extreme events of sea ice thickness and its snow cover in the Western Seas of the Arctic Ocean. The continuation of airborne sea-ice observation programs fulfils the requirement of consistent and long-term observations of key climate parameters. The data will be used to improve understanding of the response of sea ice and its snow cover to the ongoing warming of the Arctic and to improve snow models. Airborne data of snow and sea-ice thickness are also critically needed for the evaluation of sea-ice remote sensing products as well as for the evolution of algorithms for current and future satellite missions. Surveys from IceBird Winter 2023 will target the validation of sea-ice freeboard and snow depth estimates from CryoSat-2, ICESat-2, Sentinel-3A/B and AltiKa altimeters.

There are several research infrastructures or other data services running in Europe that cover a multitude of marine-related sciences, providing specific datasets coming from observations collected with different methods. These infrastructures constitute a diverse world, each looking at a piece of the big picture, sometimes hindering collaboration and data sharing. Blue-Cloud aims to overcome fragmentation and build a bridge between thematic science clusters - such as marine, climate, food and agriculture sciences - and EOSC, creating a data federation and providing a common access to a so-called thematic EOSC for marine data. By connecting leading marine data management infrastructures with horizontal e-infrastructures, the project aims to maximise the exploitation of data resources available from different sources. The Blue-Cloud framework consists of two major technical components: (1) a Blue-Cloud Data Discovery and Access service, already presented in a previous EOSC in practice story, to serve federated discovery and access to blue data infrastructures, and (2) a Blue-Cloud Virtual Research Environment (VRE) to provide computing platforms and analytical services facilitating the collaboration between researchers, which is detailed hereafter. The Blue-Cloud VRE is powered by the D4Science Infrastructure. [M. Assante et al. (2019) Enacting open science by D4Science. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 101: 555-563 10.1016/j.future.2019.05.063 ] The full list of EOSC in practice stories is available here

The concurrent simulation of ocean circulations and ocean tides is carried out with the Max-Planck Institute Ocean Model (MPIOM/TP6M L40 mpiom-1.6.3.) forced by the full luni-solar tidal potential as an additional body force and by the surface fluxes of momentum, heat and freshwater derived the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis for the period 1981-2012. A tripolar grid with a horizontal resolution of about 0.1 degrees is used. There are total 40 vertical levels in z-coordinates. More details can be find in Li and von Storch (2020). The file name of the data sets is composed as follows. STORMTIDE2_TP6ML40__3d_1hr__.nc There are five 3-dimensional hourly variables: sea_water_potential_temperature (tho), sea_water_salinity (sao), sea_water_x_velocity (u), sea_water_y_velocity (v) and upward_sea_water_velocity (w), for January, April, July and October of 2012. 2012 is the last year of the simulation. Storing four months hourly was doable at the time when the simulation is produced. One run is provided.

In work package 6 of the nextGEMS project, several ocean-only model runs were performed with FESOM (Version 2.0) and ICON-O (Version 2.6.6), to test the sensitivity of the upper tropical Atlantic to different settings of the vertical mixing scheme. Two different mixing schemes were tested: TKE and KPP. For TKE, we tested different settings of the c_k parameter (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3), and for KPP different settings of the critical bulk Richardson number (0.3 and 0.27). These runs were done with both ICON-O and FESOM, to enable a comparison of the effects of the vertical mixing settings across different models. From ICON-O only, there are some additional TKE runs available, where we increased the interior ocean background mixing, and switched on the Langmuir turbulence parameterisation. There is also an ICON-O run which uses the FESOM default forcing bulk formulae, to check how much of the differences between the models originates from their different default bulk formulae. All model runs are ocean only, forced with hourly ERA5 reanalysis data. The horizontal resolution is 10km (for FESOM, the extratropical regions have a coarser grid). The output from the tropical Atlantic from these model runs is provided here, with a high temporal resolution of 3 hours, and interpolated to a 0.1°x0.1° latitude-longitude grid. Please read the readme before using the data: https://www.wdc-climate.de/ui/entry?acronym=nextGEMSWp6OceanREADME nextGEMS is funded through the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the grant agreement number 101003470.

The mucus covers the fish's body, working as a protective barrier. Besides physical protection, mucus provides molecules that protect the fish from pathogens damaging 1,2. These include antimicrobial peptides secreted in the mucus, which play an essential role in defense against microbial pathogens since these belong to the innate immune system2,3. In this study, two adult Halobatrachus didactylus individuals were captured from the wild in Sesimbra. Then, mucus collection was performed by scraping the dorsal-lateral body of the fish with a sponge. Our objective was the identification of new peptides with bioactive potential in mucus samples by chromatography analysis. Size exclusion highperformance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) analysis performed on mucus samples from the two individuals revealed a similar profile with an intense highlight peak which resulted in a distribution of about 775 Dalton. With interest in that peak, the two mucus samples were pooled for fractionation by SEC. The resulting fraction was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) to identify the most probable peptide sequences. Identification from databases did not provide reliable results, indicating a lack of information on the matrix analyzed. We resorted to de novo sequencing with good results using PEAKS Studio software. Five identified peptides were selected according to their bioactivities predicted in silico. Furthermore, the five identified peptides were synthesized, and the molecular size was validated by SE-HPLC analysis. Overall, this chromatographic approach enabled the identification of promising peptides, which bioactivities will be evaluated in vitro in future work.

O processo de internacionalização tornou-se inevitável com a globalização e a maior integração das diversas economias. O acesso a mercados externos permite encontrar novas oportunidades de negócio, todavia exige uma maior capacidade de resposta das empresas. A internacionalização das empresas, principalmente das Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PMEs), tem um papel importante no desenvolvimento económico de qualquer país, e quando implementado com sucesso, tende a proporcionar grandes níveis de prosperidade económica e social, a exemplo do Japão e da Alemanha. A indústria conserveira é das mais antigas em Portugal, tem empresas em actividade com mais de 160 anos de existência e, desde a sua oriegm, orientadas para a exportação. Atualmente, laboram 22 empresas de conservas de peixe, 18 no Continente e 4 na Região Autónoma dos Açores, demonstrando uma enorme resiliência às alterações dos mercados internacionais, (ANICP, 2020). O presente relatório visa descrever o meu estágio curricular realizado na Associação Nacional dos Industriais de Conservas de Peixe, que se focou, quase exclusivamente, na temática da internacionalização. O estágio teve como objetivo o auxilio nas tarefas de secretariado, marketing e conteúdo digital e, principalmente, estudar as oportunidades e desafios da expansão internacional das conservas de peixe para o mercado dos Emirados Árabes Unidos. Assim, este relatório tem uma dupla vertente, descrever as tarefas realizadas ao longo do meu estágio, mas inclui também as componentes conceptuais e técnicas do estudo de internacionalização realizado, no âmbito de uma pesquisa analítica, para avaliar as potencialidades e enunciar os desafios que se colocam às empresas do sector, na abordagem ao mercado dos Emirados Árabes Unidos. O objetivo serve que a informação tratada permita aos industriais de conservas de peixe definir uma estratégia bem-sucedida na abordagem àquele exigente mercado do Médio Oriente. The process of internationalization has become inevitable with globalization and the greater integration of different economies. Access to foreign markets makes it possible to find new business opportunities, however it requires greater responsiveness from companies. The internationalization of companies, mainly Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), plays an important role in the economic development of any country, and when successfully implemented, tends to provide great levels of economic and social prosperity, as in Japan and Germany. The canning industry is one of the oldest in Portugal, it has companies in activity with more than 160 years of existence, since its origin, oriented towards exportation. There are currently 22 canned fish companies in operation, 18 on the mainland and 4 in the Autonomous Region of the Azores, demonstrating enormous resilience to changes in international markets, (ANICP, 2020). This report aims to describe my curricular internship at the Associação Nacional dos Industriais de Conservas de Peixe, which focused almost exclusively on the theme of internationalization. The internship aimed to help with secretarial, marketing, and digital content tasks and, mainly, to study the opportunities and challenges of the international expansion of canned fish to the United Arab Emirates market. Thus, this report has a double aspect, describing the tasks carried out during my internship, but also includes the conceptual and technical components of the internationalization study carried out, within the scope of an analytical research, to assess the potential and enunciate the challenges that arise. companies in the sector in approaching the United Arab Emirates market. The objective is that the processed information will allow fish canning industry to define a successful strategy in approaching that demanding Middle Eastern market.