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WOS: 000392316700018 This Collective Article presents information on 26 taxa belonging to 8 Phyla and extending from the western Mediterranean to the Levantine Sea. The new records were found in 9 countries as follows: Spain: first record for the Mediterranean of the crab Cancer bellianus; Algeria: further records of the alien fish Lagocephalus sceleratus in western Algerian waters; Italy: first report on the presence and establishment of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in Lessina and Varano Lagoons (W. Adriatic) and of Penaeus aztecus in Corigliano Gulf (Italian Ionian). Moreover, the extension of the distribution range of the polychaete Branchiomma bairdi to W. Sicily as well as that of the crab Ocypode cursor and the bryozoan Catenicella paradoxa to E. Sicily are cited. Slovenia: the record of the rare saccoglossan gastropod Placida cremoniana from Piran (Gulf of Trieste) is the first for the Adriatic; Greece: the native sea slug Eubranchus farrani is the first from the Eastern Mediterranean; many sightings of the bamboo corals Isididae distributed along all the E. Ionian Sea and the establishment of P. aztecus in all Greek waters are also reported for first time; the westernmost extension of the alien urchin Diadema setosum in Cretan waters is cited and new sightings of the alien species Goniobranchus annulatus and Pterois miles are presented. Turkey: the alien fish Champsodon capensis is reported for first time from the Aegean Sea and the native acari Agauopsis microrhyncha from the Levantine Sea; a new observation of the alien crab Atergatis roseus in Gulluk Bay-Aegean is also mentioned; Cyprus: first records of the alien urchin D. setosum and Lobotes surinamensis in Cypriot waters; Lebanon: several sightings of Monachus monachus from Lebanese waters indicate a potential better status for the species in the area; Egypt: first records of the alien crab Dorippe quadridens and the alien gastropods Nerita sanguinolenta and Conomurex persicus from the Mediterranean Egyptian waters; extension of the distribution range of Diodora funiculata and Diodora rueppellii and a second record of the alien Fulvia fragilis in the same area. COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action TD1209 Alien Challenge; EEA [33-51/30.06.2015]; Suleyman Demirel UniversitySuleyman Demirel University [SDU-BAP3973-D2-14, 3973-D2-14]; IDRC-Canada through Alexandria research Centre for Adaptation to Climate Change (ARCA); COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action TD1209 Alien Challenge; EEA [33-51/30.06.2015]; Suleyman Demirel UniversitySuleyman Demirel University [SDU-BAP3973-D2-14, 3973-D2-14]; IDRC-Canada through Alexandria research Centre for Adaptation to Climate Change (ARCA) The author N. Babali would like to thank his colleague Ms Faiza Alliouche for information gathering. Gianna Servello & P. Balisteri acknowledge the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action TD1209 Alien Challenge (GS) that partially funded the study of alien species recorded in the Italian Seas. P. Balisteri also wishes to thank Bruno Zava (Wilderness Studi Ambientali) for his advice. Fabio Crocetta acknowledges the East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species - a tool to support the management of alien species in Bulgaria (ESENIAS-TOOLS) (EEA funded - Contract No. 33-51/30.06.2015) for supporting the study of alien species from central and eastern European countries; F. Amato (Schiavonea) and G. Rigido (Schiavone) kindly provided information, specimens and videos. Ch. Mytilineou would like to thank all the personnel who worked onboard during the surveys of the INTERREG II Greece-Italy & RESHIO projects, E. Kallias for the electronic storage of the photos and I. Maina & J. Dokos for map drawing. Kostas Kapiris and I. Maina are grateful to K. Tenekertzis, Ch. Dictiopoulos, S. Kavadas and the scientific coordinators of DCF Dr. Machias and Tserpes for providing relevant information and photographic material for P. aztecus. Vasilis Gerovasileiou & D. Poursanidis are grateful to Yiannis Iliopoulos and the Athos Scuba diving centre for providing the photographic material. S. Yapici & M. Celik would like to thank the local fisherman for providing samples and the anonymous reviewer for helpful and constructive comments. The study of F. Durucan & Y. O. Boyaci was financially supported by the Suleyman Demirel University, SDU-BAP3973-D2-14 project. Number: 3973-D2-14. P. Kleitou, F. Crocetta are grateful to D. Kletou (Cyprus), A. Antoniades (Cyprus) and S. Georgiou (Cyprus) who shared data and provided evidence. M. Bariche and F. Crocetta would like to acknowledge all colleagues, fishermen, scuba divers and friends who shared their photos and videos. The work of Moussa and A. Zenetos is part of a project entitled "Pattern of diversity and climate change in a Mediterranean transition zone", which was supported by IDRC-Canada through a small research grant provided by the Alexandria research Centre for Adaptation to Climate Change (ARCA) to the National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt; thanks are also due to Mrs. Marwa Ismaeil and Mrs. Marwa Samir for their assistance. Finally, the authors would also like to thank N.J. Xentidis for drawing the map with the records as well as the anonymous reviewers for their useful and constructive comments.

Azzurro E. and Giardina F. are indebted to Giuseppe Maggiore and Peppino Sorrentino for providing all the information regarding the capture of Siganus rivulatus in Lampedusa Island; their study was supported by the Interreg MED Project Mpa-Adapt Guiding Mediterranean MPAs through the climate change era: building resilience and adaptation. Rabaoui L. and El Zrelli R. would like to thank all fishermen who provided information on the recent occurrence of Phyllorhiza punctata in the Gulf of Gabes. Dulcic J. and Dragicevic B. acknowledge the Croatian Science Foundation (HRZZ) that partly supported their work under project IP-2016-06-5251. Giovos I. and Cakalli M. would like to warmly thank the fisherman Arsen Jupe for helping and assisting them in taking all the measurements. Bakiu R. and Cakalli M. would like to thank the Rufford Foundation (Project ref. 19938-1) for financially supporting the Mediterranean monk seal monitoring program along the Ionian coast of Albania; furthermore, they wish to warmly thank Eng. Agron Bakiu for the power supply system that he built for the camera traps.. Bas A.A. and Gonulal O. would like to thank Prof. Dr. Ivan Sazima and Isil Danyer for their help on species identification and the Rufford Foundation and Marine Mammals Research Association for their financial support. Durucan F. and Boyaci Y.O. wish to express special thanks to Dr. Matteo Dal Zotto (Universita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Department of Life Sciences, Modena, Italy) who kindly sent them a copy of Dr. Morselli's article that was lacking from the first author's library. Durucan F. would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments and also Suleyman Demirel University, Fisheries Faculty, Ecology and Limnology laboratory (Isparta, Turkey) for providing laboratory facilities. Crocetta F. and Bitar G. thank Jean Vacelet (Marseille, France) for the photo of Dondice banyulensis taken during the Franco-Lebanese cooperation program - CEDRE (1999-2002) (R 2000 Eb F 42 / L43). Kassar A. and Hemida F. are deeply grateful to the fisherman Benssada Djamel for providing the specimen of Etrumeus golanii. The "New Mediterranean Biodiversity Records" series includes new records of marine species found in the Mediterranean basin and/or information on the spatial distribution of already established species of particular interest. The current article presents information on 21 marine taxa classified per country according to their geographic position in the Mediterranean, from west to east. The new records per ecoregion are as follows: Algeria: the first record of the fish Etrumeus golanii is reported along the Algerian coast. Tunisia: the alien jellyfish Phyllorhiza punctata is reported for the first time in the Gulf of Gabes. Italy: the first record of Siganus rivulatus in the Strait of Sicily and a new record of Katsuwonus pelamis from the central Tyrrhenian Sea are reported. The establishment of the isopod of the genus Mesanthura in the northern Tyrrhenian with some notes on its ecology are also included. Croatia: signs of establishment of the Lessepsian Siganus luridus and the occurrence of the alien mollusc Rapana venosa are reported. Albania: the first record of the elasmobranch Alopias superciliosus and a recent sighting of the rare monk seal Monachus monachus in Albanian waters are given. Greece: signs of the establishment of the fish Parupeneus forsskali and of the ascidian Hermania momus in Hellenic Aegean waters are reported. Turkey: a new record of the fish P. forsskali and of the halacarid mites Acaromantis monnioti and Simognathus adriaticus are given, while the first case of Remora australis in association with delphinids and the occurrence of the sea star Coscinasterias tenuispina are reported. Also, the establishment of the two alien species Isognomon legumen and Viriola sp. [cf. corrugata] are presented. Egypt: the fish Bathygobius cyclopterus is reported for the first time in Mediterranean Sea waters. Also, a new record of Pagellus bogaraveo and a first record of Seriola fasciata in Egyptian Mediterranean waters are reported. Lebanon: the first record of Dondice banyulensis is presented. Interreg MED Project Mpa-Adapt Guiding Mediterranean MPAs through the climate change era: building resilience and adaptation; Croatian Science Foundation (HRZZ) [IP-2016-06-5251]; Rufford Foundation [19938-1]; Rufford Foundation; Marine Mammals Research Association; Interreg MED Project Mpa-Adapt Guiding Mediterranean MPAs through the climate change era: building resilience and adaptation; Croatian Science Foundation (HRZZ) [IP-2016-06-5251]; Rufford Foundation [19938-1]; Rufford Foundation; Marine Mammals Research Association; [R 2000 Eb F 42 / L43] Science Citation Index Expanded WOS: 000423194500015