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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Elsevier BV UKRI | DELVE: Development and va...UKRI| DELVE: Development and validation of first generation chemical sensors for icy ecosystemsAuthors: Benjamin S. Linhoff; Mathew A. Charette; Jemma L. Wadham;Benjamin S. Linhoff; Mathew A. Charette; Jemma L. Wadham;Abstract Glaciated watersheds are regions of intense physical and chemical weathering. In order to gain new insight on subglacial weathering processes, we measured uranium and radium isotopes from a proglacial river draining the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS). Time series samples were collected from the spring to mid-summer, a time period during which subglacial drainage pathways are thought to transition from slow-inefficient (distributed) to fast-efficient (channelized) systems. The 228Ra/226Ra activity ratio of the dissolved load varied from 5.2 ± 0.9–16.9 ± 3.6, which was significantly higher than the 228Ra/226Ra ratio of a suspended sediment load sample of 2.1 ± 0.07 and crustal values of ~1. The high 228Ra/226Ra in the dissolved load relative to the source rock material is indicative of mineral surface weathering induced by rapid and continuous flushing of the subglacial drainage network during the course of the melt season and those prior. The 234U/238U ratio (δ234U) varied between 33 and 106‰ with a discharge-weighted mean of 67‰; the seasonal evolution of δ234U did not correlate to geochemical indicators of subglacial meltwater storage time. An experiment designed to measure changes in δ234U with increasing meltwater storage times found that δ234U in the dissolved phase decreased rapidly with increasing storage time. Similarly, samples collected along a transect moving downstream from the ice sheet terminus had decreasing δ234U values from 63 to 15‰ further indicating that with increased weathering, the δ234U of meltwater decreases. Coupled with the relatively low δ234U and high 228Ra/226Ra, U appears to be impacted by rapid chemical weathering of subglacial and suspended sediments. The Leverett River discharge weighted U concentration was 0.13 nM; if this system is considered representative of the broader GrIS, then the total dissolved U flux from the GrIS would be on the order of 6.4 × 104 mol/y. Using a similar set of assumptions, the dissolved 228Ra and 226Ra flux from the GrIS was ~1.1 × 1014 dpm/y and ~ 5.5 × 1013 dpm/y, respectively. These estimates suggest that the 226Ra flux to the ocean from the GrIS is globally significant and that the 228Ra flux in particular is larger than most river inputs.
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You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119663&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu6 citations 6 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2014 IrelandElsevier BV UKRI | Individual specialization...UKRI| Individual specialization in resource use by a far-ranging marine predator: incidence and implicationsThomas W. Bodey; Mark Jessopp; Stephen C. Votier; Hans D. Gerritsen; Ian R. Cleasby; Keith C. Hamer; Samantha C. Patrick; Ewan D. Wakefield; Stuart Bearhop;pmid: 24892908
Exploitation of the seas is currently unsustainable, with increasing demand for marine resources placing intense pressure on the Earth’s largest ecosystem [1]. The scale of anthropogenic effects varies from local to entire ocean basins 1, 2 and 3. For example, discards of commercial capture fisheries can have both positive and negative impacts on scavengers at the population and community-level 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, although this is driven by individual foraging behaviour 3 and 7. Currently, we have little understanding of the scale at which individual animals initiate such behaviours. We use the known interaction between fisheries and a wide-ranging seabird, the Northern gannet Morus bassanus [3], to investigate how fishing vessels affect individual birds’ behaviours in near real-time. We document the footprint of fishing vessels’ (≥15 m length) influence on foraging decisions (≤11 km), and a potential underlying behavioural mechanism, by revealing how birds respond differently to vessels depending on gear type and activity. Such influences have important implications for fisheries, including the proposed discard ban [8]), and wider marine management. Peer-reviewed. This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Current Biology. To access the final edited and published work see doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.04.041
Marine Institute Ope... arrow_drop_down Marine Institute Open Access Repository (OAR)Article . 2014Data sources: Marine Institute Open Access Repository (OAR)Current BiologyArticle . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.cub.2014.04.041&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu74 citations 74 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
visibility 18visibility views 18 download downloads 117 Powered bymore_vert Marine Institute Ope... arrow_drop_down Marine Institute Open Access Repository (OAR)Article . 2014Data sources: Marine Institute Open Access Repository (OAR)Current BiologyArticle . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.cub.2014.04.041&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019 UKRI | Degradation of Odour sign...UKRI| Degradation of Odour signals by air pollution: chemical Mechanisms, plume dynamics and INsect-Orientation behaviour (DOMINO)AbstractFor effective foraging, many insect pollinators rely on the ability to learn and recall floral odours, behaviours that are associated with a complex suite of cellular processes. Here, we investigated how acute exposure to a high-dose of diesel exhaust (containing 19.8 and 17.5 ppm of NO and NO2, respectively) affected associative learning behaviour of honey bees (Apis mellifera) and expression of a ubiquitous heat shock protein, HSP70, in their central nervous system (CNS). To determine whether exposure to diesel exhaust would alter their tolerance to a subsequent abiotic stress, we further subjected individuals to heat stress. Diesel exhaust exposure decreased honey bees’ ability to learn and recall a conditioned odour stimulus. Whilst there was no significant difference in CNS HSP70 expression between honey bees exposed to either diesel exhaust or clean air across the entire duration of the experiment (3.5 h), there was a significant effect of time and a significant interaction between exposure treatment and time. This interaction was investigated using correlation analyses, which demonstrated that only in the diesel exhaust exposed honey bees was there a significant positive correlation between HSP70 expression and time. Furthermore, there was a 44% reduction in honey bee individuals that were able to recall the odour 72 h after diesel exposure compared with clean air control individuals. Moreover, diesel exhaust affected A. mellifera in a way that reduced their ability to survive a second subsequent stressor. Such negative effects of air pollution on learning, recall, and stress tolerance has potential to reduce foraging efficiency and pollination success of individual honey bees.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41598-019-41876-w&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu26 citations 26 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41598-019-41876-w&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Preprint , Other literature type 2015 United Kingdom, United Kingdom, GermanyCopernicus GmbH UKRI | Southampton-2011-DTG-Fund..., UKRI | Ocean Acidification Impac...UKRI| Southampton-2011-DTG-Funding 8 Studentships ,UKRI| Ocean Acidification Impacts on Sea-Surface Biology, Biogeochemistry and ClimateMatthew P. Humphreys; Eric P. Achterberg; Alex M. Griffiths; Alison McDonald; Adrian J. Boyce;The stable carbon isotope composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC) in seawater was measured in a batch process for 552 samples collected during two cruises in the northeastern Atlantic and Nordic Seas from June to August 2012. One cruise was part of the UK Ocean Acidification research programme, and the other was a repeat hydrographic transect of the Extended Ellett Line. In combination with measurements made of other variables on these and other cruises, these data can be used to constrain the anthropogenic component of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the interior ocean, and to help to determine the influence of biological carbon uptake on surface ocean carbonate chemistry. The measurements have been processed, quality-controlled and submitted to an in-preparation global compilation of seawater δ13CDIC data, and are available from the British Oceanographic Data Centre. The observed δ13CDIC values fall in a range from −0.58 to +2.37 ‰, relative to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite standard. The mean of the absolute differences between samples collected in duplicate in the same container type during both cruises and measured consecutively is 0.10 ‰, which corresponds to a 1σ uncertainty of 0.09 ‰, and which is within the range reported by other published studies of this kind. A crossover analysis was performed with nearby historical δ13CDIC data, indicating that any systematic offsets between our measurements and previously published results are negligible. Data doi:10.5285/09760a3a-c2b5-250b-e053-6c86abc037c0 (northeastern Atlantic), doi:10.5285/09511dd0-51db-0e21-e053-6c86abc09b95 (Nordic Seas).
University of East A... arrow_drop_down University of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/essdd-8-57-2015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu12 citations 12 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert University of East A... arrow_drop_down University of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/essdd-8-57-2015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2018 EnglishElsevier UKRI | The Age Structure of the ..., EC | MOBILEX, EC | ICE2ICE +1 projectsUKRI| The Age Structure of the Greenland ice sheet from Airborne Radar Data (ASGARD) ,EC| MOBILEX ,EC| ICE2ICE ,UKRI| Retreat of Southern Hemisphere Sea Ice, 130 000 to 116 000 years BPMalmierca-Vallet, I; Sime, LC; Tindall, JC; Capron, E; Valdes, PJ; Vinther, BM; Holloway, MD;Last Interglacial (LIG), stable water isotope values (δ¹⁸O) measured in Greenland deep ice cores are at least 2.5‰ higher compared to the present day. Previous isotopic climate simulations of the LIG do not capture the observed Greenland δ¹⁸O increases. Here, we use the isotope-enabled HadCM3 (UK Met Office coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model) to investigate whether a retreat of Northern Hemisphere sea ice was responsible for this model-data disagreement. Our results highlight the potential significance of sea ice changes on the LIG Greenland isotopic maximum. Sea ice loss in combination with increased sea surface temperatures, over the Arctic, affect δ¹⁸O: water vapour enriched in heavy isotopes and a shorter distillation path may both increase δ¹⁸O values over Greenland. We show, for the first time, that simulations of the response to Arctic sea ice reduction are capable of producing the likely magnitude of LIG δ¹⁸O increases at NEEM, NGRIP, GIPS2 and Camp Century ice core sites. However, we may underestimate δ¹⁸O changes at the Renland, DYE3 and GRIP ice core locations. Accounting for possible ice sheet changes is likely to be required to produce a better fit to the LIG ice core δ¹⁸O values.
CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=core_ac_uk__::dcd51aa7bc9d855cfa3438231bf6634f&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
visibility 2visibility views 2 download downloads 86 Powered bymore_vert CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=core_ac_uk__::dcd51aa7bc9d855cfa3438231bf6634f&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2017 EC | INCORALS, UKRI | Understanding the excepti..., UKRI | Environmentally regulated...EC| INCORALS ,UKRI| Understanding the exceptional heat tolerance of reef corals from the Persian/Arabian Gulf ,UKRI| Environmentally regulated genes as basis for coral reef resilienceThe depth distribution of reef-building corals exposes their photosynthetic symbionts of the genus Symbiodinium to extreme gradients in the intensity and spectral quality of the ambient light environment. Characterizing the mechanisms used by the coral holobiont to respond to the low intensity and reduced spectral composition of the light environment in deeper reefs (greater than 20 m) is fundamental to our understanding of the functioning and structure of reefs across depth gradients. Here, we demonstrate that host pigments, specifically photoconvertible red fluorescent proteins (pcRFPs), can promote coral adaptation/acclimatization to deeper-water light environments by transforming the prevalent blue light into orange-red light, which can penetrate deeper within zooxanthellae-containing tissues; this facilitates a more homogeneous distribution of photons across symbiont communities. The ecological importance of pcRFPs in deeper reefs is supported by the increasing proportion of red fluorescent corals with depth (measured down to 45 m) and increased survival of colour morphs with strong expression of pcRFPs in long-term light manipulation experiments. In addition to screening by host pigments from high light intensities in shallow water, the spectral transformation observed in deeper-water corals highlights the importance of GFP-like protein expression as an ecological mechanism to support the functioning of the coral– Symbiodinium association across steep environmental gradients.
Proceedings of the R... arrow_drop_down Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological SciencesArticleLicense: cc-byData sources: UnpayWalladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1098/rspb.2017.0320&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu50 citations 50 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Proceedings of the R... arrow_drop_down Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological SciencesArticleLicense: cc-byData sources: UnpayWalladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1098/rspb.2017.0320&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other literature type , Article , Preprint , Research 2022 United KingdomCopernicus GmbH UKRI | NSFPLR-NERC: Geological h..., UKRI | Reconstructing millennial..., NSF | NSF-NERC: Geological Hist... +1 projectsUKRI| NSFPLR-NERC: Geological history constraints on the magnitude of grounding line retreat in the Thwaites Glacier system ,UKRI| Reconstructing millennial-scale ice sheet change in the western Amundsen Sea Embayment, Antarctica, using high-precision exposure dating. ,NSF| NSF-NERC: Geological History Constraints on the Magnitude of Grounding Line Retreat in the Thwaites Glacier System ,UKRI| NSFPLR-NERC: Geological history constraints on the magnitude of grounding line retreat in the Thwaites Glacier systemAuthors: Jonathan Richard Adams; Joanne S. Johnson; Stephen J. Roberts; Philippa J. Mason; +8 AuthorsJonathan Richard Adams; Joanne S. Johnson; Stephen J. Roberts; Philippa J. Mason; Keir A. Nichols; Ryan A. Venturelli; Klaus Wilcken; Greg Balco; Brent Goehring; Brenda Hall; John Woodward; Dylan H. Rood;Evidence for the timing and pace of past grounding line retreat of the Thwaites Glacier system in the Amundsen Sea embayment (ASE) of Antarctica provides constraints for models that are used to predict the future trajectory of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). Existing cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure ages suggest that Pope Glacier, a former tributary of Thwaites Glacier, experienced rapid thinning in the early to mid-Holocene. There are relatively few exposure ages from the lower ice-free sections of Mt. Murphy (<300 m a.s.l.; metres above sea level) that are uncomplicated by either nuclide inheritance or scatter due to localised topographic complexities; this makes the trajectory for the latter stages of deglaciation uncertain. This paper presents 12 new 10Be exposure ages from erratic cobbles collected from the western flank of Mt. Murphy, within 160 m of the modern ice surface and 1 km from the present grounding line. The ages comprise two tightly clustered populations with mean deglaciation ages of 7.1 ± 0.1 and 6.4 ± 0.1 ka (1 SE). Linear regression analysis applied to the age–elevation array of all available exposure ages from Mt. Murphy indicates that the median rate of thinning of Pope Glacier was 0.27 m yr−1 between 8.1–6.3 ka, occurring 1.5 times faster than previously thought. Furthermore, this analysis better constrains the uncertainty (95 % confidence interval) in the timing of deglaciation at the base of the Mt. Murphy vertical profile (∼ 80 m above the modern ice surface), shifting it to earlier in the Holocene (from 5.2 ± 0.7 to 6.3 ± 0.4 ka). Taken together, the results presented here suggest that early- to mid-Holocene thinning of Pope Glacier occurred over a shorter interval than previously assumed and permit a longer duration over which subsequent late Holocene re-thickening could have occurred.
NERC Open Research A... arrow_drop_down Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2022Data sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositorySpiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryResearch . 2022Data sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital Repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/tc-2022-82&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu2 citations 2 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
more_vert NERC Open Research A... arrow_drop_down Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2022Data sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositorySpiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryResearch . 2022Data sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital Repositoryadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/tc-2022-82&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2018 UKRI | SHIFTING SYMBIOTIC SCENAR..., UKRI | SHIFTING SYMBIOTIC SCENAR...UKRI| SHIFTING SYMBIOTIC SCENARIOS AT THE DAWN OF LAND PLANT-FUNGUS ASSOCIATIONS ,UKRI| SHIFTING SYMBIOTIC SCENARIOS AT THE DAWN OF LAND PLANT-FUNGUS ASSOCIATIONSArbuscular mycorrhizas are widespread in land plants including liverworts, some of the closest living relatives of the first plants to colonize land 500 million years ago (MYA). Previous investigations reported near-exclusive colonization of liverworts by the most recently evolved arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the Glomeraceae, indicating a recent acquisition from flowering plants at odds with the widely held notion that arbuscular mycorrhizal-like associations in liverworts represent the ancestral symbiotic condition in land plants. We performed an analysis of symbiotic fungi in 674 globally collected liverworts using molecular phylogenetics and electron microscopy. Here, we show every order of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizes early-diverging liverworts, with non-Glomeraceae being at least 10 times more common than in flowering plants. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in liverworts and other ancient plant lineages (hornworts, lycopods, and ferns) were delimited into 58 taxa and 36 singletons, of which at least 43 are novel and specific to liverworts. The discovery that early plant lineages are colonized by early-diverging fungi supports the hypothesis that arbuscular mycorrhizas are an ancestral symbiosis for all land plants.
Proceedings of the R... arrow_drop_down Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological SciencesArticleLicense: cc-byData sources: UnpayWalladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1098/rspb.2018.1600&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu42 citations 42 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
more_vert Proceedings of the R... arrow_drop_down Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological SciencesArticleLicense: cc-byData sources: UnpayWalladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1098/rspb.2018.1600&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu- Sedimentary Signatures of Persistent Subglacial Meltwater Drainage From Thwaites Glacier, Antarctica
description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 United Kingdom, SwitzerlandFrontiers Media SA NSF | NSF-NERC: THwaites Offsho..., UKRI | NSFPLR-NERC: GHOST (Geoph...NSF| NSF-NERC: THwaites Offshore Research (THOR) ,UKRI| NSFPLR-NERC: GHOST (Geophysical Habitat of Subglacial Thwaites)A. P. Lepp; L. M. Simkins; J. B. Anderson; R. W. Clark; J. S. Wellner; C-D. Hillenbrand; J. A. Smith; A. A. Lehrmann; R. Totten; R. D. Larter; K. A. Hogan; F. O. Nitsche; A. G. C. Graham; L. Wacker;handle: 20.500.11850/554397
Subglacial meltwater drainage can enhance localized melting along grounding zones and beneath the ice shelves of marine-terminating glaciers. Efforts to constrain the evolution of subglacial hydrology and the resulting influence on ice stability in space and on decadal to millennial timescales are lacking. Here, we apply sedimentological, geochemical, and statistical methods to analyze sediment cores recovered offshore Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica to reconstruct meltwater drainage activity through the pre-satellite era. We find evidence for a long-lived subglacial hydrologic system beneath Thwaites Glacier and indications that meltwater plumes are the primary mechanism of sedimentation seaward of the glacier today. Detailed core stratigraphy revealed through computed tomography scanning captures variability in drainage styles and suggests greater magnitudes of sediment-laden meltwater have been delivered to the ocean in recent centuries compared to the past several thousand years. Fundamental similarities between meltwater plume deposits offshore Thwaites Glacier and those described in association with other Antarctic glacial systems imply widespread and similar subglacial hydrologic processes that occur independently of subglacial geology. In the context of Holocene changes to the Thwaites Glacier margin, it is likely that subglacial drainage enhanced submarine melt along the grounding zone and amplified ice-shelf melt driven by oceanic processes, consistent with observations of other West Antarctic glaciers today. This study highlights the necessity of accounting for the influence of subglacial hydrology on grounding-zone and ice-shelf melt in projections of future behavior of the Thwaites Glacier ice margin and marine-based glaciers around the Antarctic continent. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10 ISSN:2296-6463
NERC Open Research A... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu7 citations 7 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2022 Norway, Norway, France, SpainEnvironmental Health Perspectives UKRI | BRAINN: Brain Research an..., EC | LimnoPlastUKRI| BRAINN: Brain Research and Integrative Neuroscience Network for COVID-19 ,EC| LimnoPlastKam Sripada; Aneta Wierzbicka; Khaled Abass; Joan O. Grimalt; Andreas Erbe; Halina B. Röllin; Pál Weihe; Gabriela Jiménez Díaz; Randolph Reyes Singh; Torkild Visnes; Arja Rautio; Jon Øyvind Odland; Martin Wagner;doi: 10.1289/ehp9086
pmc: PMC8791070
pmid: 35080434
handle: 11250/3047952 , 11250/3049739 , 10261/262154
doi: 10.1289/ehp9086
pmc: PMC8791070
pmid: 35080434
handle: 11250/3047952 , 11250/3049739 , 10261/262154
We thank D. Fatunmbi of Elementus Illustrations for creation of the illustration for Figure 2. We also acknowledge R. Etzel, M.D., Ph.D., for helpful feedback on Figure 2. K.S. acknowledges funding from the Research Council of Norway (project 288638) to the Centre for Global Health Inequalities Research at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. T.V. acknowledges funding from the Research Council of Norway (project 303369) and SINTEF (strategic institute project on immunotherapy 102020958). M.W. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant (agreement 860720). Pregnancy, infancy, and childhood are sensitive windows for environmental exposures. Yet the health effects of exposure to nano- and microplastics (NMPs) remain largely uninvestigated or unknown. Although plastic chemicals are a well-established research topic, the impacts of plastic particles are unexplored, especially with regard to early life exposures. Peer reviewed
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; DIGITAL.CSICArticle . 2022ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2022Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
visibility 33visibility views 33 download downloads 131 Powered bymore_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; DIGITAL.CSICArticle . 2022ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2022Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2020Elsevier BV UKRI | DELVE: Development and va...UKRI| DELVE: Development and validation of first generation chemical sensors for icy ecosystemsAuthors: Benjamin S. Linhoff; Mathew A. Charette; Jemma L. Wadham;Benjamin S. Linhoff; Mathew A. Charette; Jemma L. Wadham;Abstract Glaciated watersheds are regions of intense physical and chemical weathering. In order to gain new insight on subglacial weathering processes, we measured uranium and radium isotopes from a proglacial river draining the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS). Time series samples were collected from the spring to mid-summer, a time period during which subglacial drainage pathways are thought to transition from slow-inefficient (distributed) to fast-efficient (channelized) systems. The 228Ra/226Ra activity ratio of the dissolved load varied from 5.2 ± 0.9–16.9 ± 3.6, which was significantly higher than the 228Ra/226Ra ratio of a suspended sediment load sample of 2.1 ± 0.07 and crustal values of ~1. The high 228Ra/226Ra in the dissolved load relative to the source rock material is indicative of mineral surface weathering induced by rapid and continuous flushing of the subglacial drainage network during the course of the melt season and those prior. The 234U/238U ratio (δ234U) varied between 33 and 106‰ with a discharge-weighted mean of 67‰; the seasonal evolution of δ234U did not correlate to geochemical indicators of subglacial meltwater storage time. An experiment designed to measure changes in δ234U with increasing meltwater storage times found that δ234U in the dissolved phase decreased rapidly with increasing storage time. Similarly, samples collected along a transect moving downstream from the ice sheet terminus had decreasing δ234U values from 63 to 15‰ further indicating that with increased weathering, the δ234U of meltwater decreases. Coupled with the relatively low δ234U and high 228Ra/226Ra, U appears to be impacted by rapid chemical weathering of subglacial and suspended sediments. The Leverett River discharge weighted U concentration was 0.13 nM; if this system is considered representative of the broader GrIS, then the total dissolved U flux from the GrIS would be on the order of 6.4 × 104 mol/y. Using a similar set of assumptions, the dissolved 228Ra and 226Ra flux from the GrIS was ~1.1 × 1014 dpm/y and ~ 5.5 × 1013 dpm/y, respectively. These estimates suggest that the 226Ra flux to the ocean from the GrIS is globally significant and that the 228Ra flux in particular is larger than most river inputs.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu6 citations 6 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2014 IrelandElsevier BV UKRI | Individual specialization...UKRI| Individual specialization in resource use by a far-ranging marine predator: incidence and implicationsThomas W. Bodey; Mark Jessopp; Stephen C. Votier; Hans D. Gerritsen; Ian R. Cleasby; Keith C. Hamer; Samantha C. Patrick; Ewan D. Wakefield; Stuart Bearhop;pmid: 24892908
Exploitation of the seas is currently unsustainable, with increasing demand for marine resources placing intense pressure on the Earth’s largest ecosystem [1]. The scale of anthropogenic effects varies from local to entire ocean basins 1, 2 and 3. For example, discards of commercial capture fisheries can have both positive and negative impacts on scavengers at the population and community-level 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, although this is driven by individual foraging behaviour 3 and 7. Currently, we have little understanding of the scale at which individual animals initiate such behaviours. We use the known interaction between fisheries and a wide-ranging seabird, the Northern gannet Morus bassanus [3], to investigate how fishing vessels affect individual birds’ behaviours in near real-time. We document the footprint of fishing vessels’ (≥15 m length) influence on foraging decisions (≤11 km), and a potential underlying behavioural mechanism, by revealing how birds respond differently to vessels depending on gear type and activity. Such influences have important implications for fisheries, including the proposed discard ban [8]), and wider marine management. Peer-reviewed. This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Current Biology. To access the final edited and published work see doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.04.041
Marine Institute Ope... arrow_drop_down Marine Institute Open Access Repository (OAR)Article . 2014Data sources: Marine Institute Open Access Repository (OAR)Current BiologyArticle . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu74 citations 74 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!
visibility 18visibility views 18 download downloads 117 Powered bymore_vert Marine Institute Ope... arrow_drop_down Marine Institute Open Access Repository (OAR)Article . 2014Data sources: Marine Institute Open Access Repository (OAR)Current BiologyArticle . 2014add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.cub.2014.04.041&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019 UKRI | Degradation of Odour sign...UKRI| Degradation of Odour signals by air pollution: chemical Mechanisms, plume dynamics and INsect-Orientation behaviour (DOMINO)AbstractFor effective foraging, many insect pollinators rely on the ability to learn and recall floral odours, behaviours that are associated with a complex suite of cellular processes. Here, we investigated how acute exposure to a high-dose of diesel exhaust (containing 19.8 and 17.5 ppm of NO and NO2, respectively) affected associative learning behaviour of honey bees (Apis mellifera) and expression of a ubiquitous heat shock protein, HSP70, in their central nervous system (CNS). To determine whether exposure to diesel exhaust would alter their tolerance to a subsequent abiotic stress, we further subjected individuals to heat stress. Diesel exhaust exposure decreased honey bees’ ability to learn and recall a conditioned odour stimulus. Whilst there was no significant difference in CNS HSP70 expression between honey bees exposed to either diesel exhaust or clean air across the entire duration of the experiment (3.5 h), there was a significant effect of time and a significant interaction between exposure treatment and time. This interaction was investigated using correlation analyses, which demonstrated that only in the diesel exhaust exposed honey bees was there a significant positive correlation between HSP70 expression and time. Furthermore, there was a 44% reduction in honey bee individuals that were able to recall the odour 72 h after diesel exposure compared with clean air control individuals. Moreover, diesel exhaust affected A. mellifera in a way that reduced their ability to survive a second subsequent stressor. Such negative effects of air pollution on learning, recall, and stress tolerance has potential to reduce foraging efficiency and pollination success of individual honey bees.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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