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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Hamwira Sakti Yaacob; Hazim Omar; Dini Oktarina Dwi Handayani; Raini Hassan;

    It has been reported that the construction of emotion profiling models using supervised machine learning involves data acquisition, signal pre-processing, feature extraction and classification. However, almost all papers do not address the issue of profiling emotion using supervised machine learning on the interrupted encephalogram (EEG) signals. Based on a preliminary study, emotion profiling on interrupted EEG signals produces low classification accuracy, using multilayer perceptron (MLP). Furthermore, lower emotion classification accuracy is produced from interrupted EEG signals with higher number of segments. Thus, the objective of this paper is to propose a technique and present the outcomes of handling interrupted EEG signals for emotion profiling. This is done by the suppression and interpolation of originally interrupted EEG signals at pre-process stage. As a result, emotion classification using MLP on interpolated data improves from 80.1% to 95%.

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    International Journal of Advanced Computer Research
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ International Journa...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      International Journal of Advanced Computer Research
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Shahriar Shahi; Mehdi Farhoudi; Solmaz Maleki Dizaj; Simin Sharifi; +5 Authors

    One of the primary causes of disability and mortality in the adult population worldwide is stroke. A person’s general health is significantly impacted by their oral and dental health. People who have poor oral health are more susceptible to conditions such as stroke. Stroke risk has long been linked to oral and dental conditions. The risk of stroke and its cost impact on the healthcare systems appear to be significantly reduced as a result of the decline in the incidence and prevalence of oral and dental illnesses. Hypothetically, better management of oral hygiene and dental health lead to reduced stroke risk. To the authors’ best knowledge, for the first time, the potential link between dental health and stroke were cross-examined. The most typical stroke symptoms, oral and dental illnesses linked to stroke, and the role of oral healthcare professionals in stroke prevention are revealed. The potential mediating processes and subsequent long-term cognitive and functional neurological outcomes are based on the available literature. It must be noted that periodontal diseases and tooth loss are two common oral health measures. Lack of knowledge on the effects of poor oral health on systemic health together with limited access to primary medical or dental care are considered to be partially responsible for the elevated risk of stroke. Concrete evidence confirming the associations between oral inflammatory conditions and stroke in large cohort prospective studies, stratifying association between oral disease severity and stroke risk and disease effects on stroke survival will be desirable. In terms of clinical pathology, a predictive model of stroke as a function of oral health status, and biomarkers of systemic inflammation could be useful for both cardiologists and dentists.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Clinical ...arrow_drop_down
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    Journal of Clinical Medicine
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Article . 2022
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      Journal of Clinical Medicine
      Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Ng Wei Bin; Saidatul Ardeenawatie Awang; Chong Yen Fook; Lim Chee Chin; +1 Authors

    Abstract Electroencephalography (EEG) is an electrophysiological monitoring method to record electrical activity of the brain. Brain consists of four lobes which is frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobe. Each lobe has their own respective function and it release different rhythmic wave when carry out different actions. However, when performing a specific activity, not all the EEG channels tend to be informative to the particular activity. The need to optimize the number of channels is crucial to reduce computational complexity. The aim of this paper is to determine the informative EEG channel/s and brain region for typing activity. 20 healthy with right-handed subjects from Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) were enrolled in this study. Typing task was performed for 3 trials and 5 minutes per trial. In EEG signal processing, Notch filter and Butterworth bandpass filter were used to remove powerline artefact and to filter the signal into alpha (8-13Hz) and beta waves (13-30Hz). Welch method was applied to extract features from typing task. The obtained results were then undergoing the statistical analysis before load into the K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier. Based on this study, it is found that channel P3 in parietal region and channel T6 in temporal region give highest accuracy which is 99.44% for typing task activity.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Physics :...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Zhang, Lu; Feng, Xi Kang; Ng, Yen Kaow; Li, Shuai Cheng;

    Background Accurately identifying gene regulatory network is an important task in understanding in vivo biological activities. The inference of such networks is often accomplished through the use of gene expression data. Many methods have been developed to evaluate gene expression dependencies between transcription factor and its target genes, and some methods also eliminate transitive interactions. The regulatory (or edge) direction is undetermined if the target gene is also a transcription factor. Some methods predict the regulatory directions in the gene regulatory networks by locating the eQTL single nucleotide polymorphism, or by observing the gene expression changes when knocking out/down the candidate transcript factors; regrettably, these additional data are usually unavailable, especially for the samples deriving from human tissues. Results In this study, we propose the Context Based Dependency Network (CBDN), a method that is able to infer gene regulatory networks with the regulatory directions from gene expression data only. To determine the regulatory direction, CBDN computes the influence of source to target by evaluating the magnitude changes of expression dependencies between the target gene and the others with conditioning on the source gene. CBDN extends the data processing inequality by involving the dependency direction to distinguish between direct and transitive relationship between genes. We also define two types of important regulators which can influence a majority of the genes in the network directly or indirectly. CBDN can detect both of these two types of important regulators by averaging the influence functions of candidate regulator to the other genes. In our experiments with simulated and real data, even with the regulatory direction taken into account, CBDN outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches for inferring gene regulatory network. CBDN identifies the important regulators in the predicted network: 1. TYROBP influences a batch of genes that are related to Alzheimer’s disease; 2. ZNF329 and RB1 significantly regulate those ‘mesenchymal’ gene expression signature genes for brain tumors. Conclusion By merely leveraging gene expression data, CBDN can efficiently infer the existence of gene-gene interactions as well as their regulatory directions. The constructed networks are helpful in the identification of important regulators for complex diseases.

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    BMC Genomics
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    BMC Genomics
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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      BMC Genomics
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      BMC Genomics
      Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Heine, Klaus; Atwal, Glyn; He, Jiaxun;

    International audience; The recent wave of luxury ventures in China has created an important need to understand luxury brand-building in China. A critical component of this research domain is the concept of country-of-origin (CoO). Chinese ventures use multiple country associations which makes the country one of the most suitable places to study the new phenomenon of hybrid brands. This marks a new stage in the evolution of CoO research. Findings stemming from a conceptual research and an explorative study are used to develop a conceptual model for managing CoO affiliations for hybrid brands within the context of Chinese luxury brands. Practical implications will help brand managers to understand which CoO facets make a luxury brand ‘Chinese’ and, on the other hand, how to improve brand prestige with Western CoO cues.

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    Australasian Marketing Journal
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    Australasian Marketing Journal
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2019
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    Authors: Ahmed Fadhil Hassoney Almurshedi; Abd Khamim Ismail;

    Cross Coherence time frequency transform and independent component analysis (ICA) method were used to analyse the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in resting and action states during open and close eyes conditions. From the topographical scalp distributions of delta, theta, alpha, and beta power spectrum can clearly discriminate between the signal when the eyes were open or closed, but it was difficult to distinguish between resting and action states when the eyes were closed. In open eyes condition, the frontal area (Fp1, Fp2) was activated (higher power) in delta and theta bands whilst occipital (O1, O2) and partial (P3, P4, Pz) area of brain was activated alpha band in closed eyes condition. The cross coherence method of time frequency analysis is capable of discrimination between rest and action brain signals in closed eyes condition.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Pohchoo Seow; Vairavan Narayanan; Aditya Tri Hernowo; Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong; +1 Authors

    Objectives This study maps the lipid distributions based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in-and opposed-phase (IOP) sequence and correlates the findings generated from lipid map to histological grading of glioma. Methods Forty histologically proven glioma patients underwent a standard MRI tumour protocol with the addition of IOP sequence. The regions of tumour (solid enhancing, solid non-enhancing, and cystic regions) were delineated using snake model (ITK-SNAP) with reference to structural and diffusion MRI images. The lipid distribution map was constructed based on signal loss ratio (SLR) obtained from the IOP imaging. The mean SLR values of the regions were computed and compared across the different glioma grades. Results The solid enhancing region of glioma had the highest SLR for both Grade II and III. The mean SLR of solid non-enhancing region of tumour demonstrated statistically significant difference between the WHO grades (grades II, III & IV) (mean SLRII = 0.04, mean SLRIII = 0.06, mean SLRIV = 0.08, & p < .01). A strong positive correlation was seen between WHO grades with mean SLR on lipid map of solid non-enhancing (ρ=0.68, p < .01). Conclusion Lipid quantification via lipid map provides useful information on lipid landscape in tumour heterogeneity characterisation of glioma. This technique adds to the surgical diagnostic yield by identifying biopsy targets. It can also be used as an adjunct grading tool for glioma as well as to provide information about lipidomics landscape in glioma development. Highlights • In- and opposed-phase imaging is useful in gliomas characterisation and grading. • Signal loss ratio in the solid non-enhancing region is a potential imaging marker for discriminating between the WHO grades. • Lipid quantification via lipid distribution mapping provides useful information on lipid landscape in tumour heterogeneity.

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    NeuroImage: Clinical
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    NeuroImage: Clinical
    Article . 2018
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      NeuroImage: Clinical
      Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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      NeuroImage: Clinical
      Article . 2018
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    Authors: Gunes Sevinc; Hakan Gurvit; R. Nathan Spreng;

    Abstract Moral cognition is associated with activation of the default network, regions implicated in mentalizing about one’s own actions or the intentions of others. Yet little is known about the initial detection of moral information. We examined the neural correlates of moral processing during a narrative completion task, which included an implicit moral salience manipulation. During fMRI scanning, participants read a brief vignette and selected the most semantically congruent sentence from two options to complete the narrative. The options were immoral, moral or neutral statements. RT was fastest for the selection of neutral statements and slowest for immoral statements. Neuroimaging analyses revealed that responses involving morally laden content engaged default and executive control network brain regions including medial and rostral prefrontal cortex, and core regions of the salience network, including anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate. Immoral vs moral conditions additionally engaged the salience network. These results implicate the salience network in the detection of moral information, which may modulate downstream default and frontal control network interactions in the service of complex moral reasoning and decision-making processes. These findings suggest that moral cognition involves both bottom-up and top-down attentional processes, mediated by discrete large-scale brain networks and their interactions.

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    Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
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    Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
    Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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      Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
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      Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
      Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Hamwira Sakti Yaacob; Wahab Abdul; Norhaslinda Kamaruddin;

    Emotions are frequently studied based on two approaches; categorical and dimensional. In this study, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) was employed to classify four affective states as posited from these approaches. It was observed that emotional states viewed from the dimensional perspective are well discriminated using memory test. In addition to that, the dynamic for each of the four emotions were also presented, in which it was also indicated that an emotional state does not occur abruptly.

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    http://irep.iium.edu.my/30842/...
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    https://doi.org/10.1109/ict4m....
    Conference object . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Vasistha, N; García-Moreno, F; Arora, S; Cheung, A; +3 Authors

    The individual contribution of different progenitor subtypes towards the mature rodent cerebral cortex is not fully understood. Intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs) are key to understanding the regulation of neuronal number during cortical development and evolution, yet their exact contribution is much debated. Intermediate progenitors in the cortical subventricular zone are defined by expression of T-box brain-2 (Tbr2). In this study we demonstrate by using the Tbr2(Cre) mouse line and state-of-the-art cell lineage labeling techniques, that IPC derived cells contribute substantial proportions 67.5% of glutamatergic but not GABAergic or astrocytic cells to all cortical layers including the earliest generated subplate zone. We also describe the laminar dispersion of clonally derived cells from IPCs using a recently described clonal analysis tool (CLoNe) and show that pair-generated cells in different layers cluster closer (142.1 ± 76.8 μm) than unrelated cells (294.9 ± 105.4 μm). The clonal dispersion from individual Tbr2 positive intermediate progenitors contributes to increasing the cortical surface. Our study also describes extracortical contributions from Tbr2+ progenitors to the lateral olfactory tract and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus.

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    Oxford University Research Archive; Cerebral Cortex
    Other literature type . Article . 2016 . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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    Cerebral Cortex
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    Cerebral Cortex
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      Oxford University Research Archive; Cerebral Cortex
      Other literature type . Article . 2016 . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      Cerebral Cortex
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      Cerebral Cortex
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Hamwira Sakti Yaacob; Hazim Omar; Dini Oktarina Dwi Handayani; Raini Hassan;

    It has been reported that the construction of emotion profiling models using supervised machine learning involves data acquisition, signal pre-processing, feature extraction and classification. However, almost all papers do not address the issue of profiling emotion using supervised machine learning on the interrupted encephalogram (EEG) signals. Based on a preliminary study, emotion profiling on interrupted EEG signals produces low classification accuracy, using multilayer perceptron (MLP). Furthermore, lower emotion classification accuracy is produced from interrupted EEG signals with higher number of segments. Thus, the objective of this paper is to propose a technique and present the outcomes of handling interrupted EEG signals for emotion profiling. This is done by the suppression and interpolation of originally interrupted EEG signals at pre-process stage. As a result, emotion classification using MLP on interpolated data improves from 80.1% to 95%.

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    International Journal of Advanced Computer Research
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      International Journal of Advanced Computer Research
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Shahriar Shahi; Mehdi Farhoudi; Solmaz Maleki Dizaj; Simin Sharifi; +5 Authors

    One of the primary causes of disability and mortality in the adult population worldwide is stroke. A person’s general health is significantly impacted by their oral and dental health. People who have poor oral health are more susceptible to conditions such as stroke. Stroke risk has long been linked to oral and dental conditions. The risk of stroke and its cost impact on the healthcare systems appear to be significantly reduced as a result of the decline in the incidence and prevalence of oral and dental illnesses. Hypothetically, better management of oral hygiene and dental health lead to reduced stroke risk. To the authors’ best knowledge, for the first time, the potential link between dental health and stroke were cross-examined. The most typical stroke symptoms, oral and dental illnesses linked to stroke, and the role of oral healthcare professionals in stroke prevention are revealed. The potential mediating processes and subsequent long-term cognitive and functional neurological outcomes are based on the available literature. It must be noted that periodontal diseases and tooth loss are two common oral health measures. Lack of knowledge on the effects of poor oral health on systemic health together with limited access to primary medical or dental care are considered to be partially responsible for the elevated risk of stroke. Concrete evidence confirming the associations between oral inflammatory conditions and stroke in large cohort prospective studies, stratifying association between oral disease severity and stroke risk and disease effects on stroke survival will be desirable. In terms of clinical pathology, a predictive model of stroke as a function of oral health status, and biomarkers of systemic inflammation could be useful for both cardiologists and dentists.

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    Journal of Clinical Medicine
    Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Clinical Medicine
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    Authors: Ng Wei Bin; Saidatul Ardeenawatie Awang; Chong Yen Fook; Lim Chee Chin; +1 Authors

    Abstract Electroencephalography (EEG) is an electrophysiological monitoring method to record electrical activity of the brain. Brain consists of four lobes which is frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobe. Each lobe has their own respective function and it release different rhythmic wave when carry out different actions. However, when performing a specific activity, not all the EEG channels tend to be informative to the particular activity. The need to optimize the number of channels is crucial to reduce computational complexity. The aim of this paper is to determine the informative EEG channel/s and brain region for typing activity. 20 healthy with right-handed subjects from Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) were enrolled in this study. Typing task was performed for 3 trials and 5 minutes per trial. In EEG signal processing, Notch filter and Butterworth bandpass filter were used to remove powerline artefact and to filter the signal into alpha (8-13Hz) and beta waves (13-30Hz). Welch method was applied to extract features from typing task. The obtained results were then undergoing the statistical analysis before load into the K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier. Based on this study, it is found that channel P3 in parietal region and channel T6 in temporal region give highest accuracy which is 99.44% for typing task activity.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
      Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Zhang, Lu; Feng, Xi Kang; Ng, Yen Kaow; Li, Shuai Cheng;

    Background Accurately identifying gene regulatory network is an important task in understanding in vivo biological activities. The inference of such networks is often accomplished through the use of gene expression data. Many methods have been developed to evaluate gene expression dependencies between transcription factor and its target genes, and some methods also eliminate transitive interactions. The regulatory (or edge) direction is undetermined if the target gene is also a transcription factor. Some methods predict the regulatory directions in the gene regulatory networks by locating the eQTL single nucleotide polymorphism, or by observing the gene expression changes when knocking out/down the candidate transcript factors; regrettably, these additional data are usually unavailable, especially for the samples deriving from human tissues. Results In this study, we propose the Context Based Dependency Network (CBDN), a method that is able to infer gene regulatory networks with the regulatory directions from gene expression data only. To determine the regulatory direction, CBDN computes the influence of source to target by evaluating the magnitude changes of expression dependencies between the target gene and the others with conditioning on the source gene. CBDN extends the data processing inequality by involving the dependency direction to distinguish between direct and transitive relationship between genes. We also define two types of important regulators which can influence a majority of the genes in the network directly or indirectly. CBDN can detect both of these two types of important regulators by averaging the influence functions of candidate regulator to the other genes. In our experiments with simulated and real data, even with the regulatory direction taken into account, CBDN outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches for inferring gene regulatory network. CBDN identifies the important regulators in the predicted network: 1. TYROBP influences a batch of genes that are related to Alzheimer’s disease; 2. ZNF329 and RB1 significantly regulate those ‘mesenchymal’ gene expression signature genes for brain tumors. Conclusion By merely leveraging gene expression data, CBDN can efficiently infer the existence of gene-gene interactions as well as their regulatory directions. The constructed networks are helpful in the identification of important regulators for complex diseases.

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    BMC Genomics
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    BMC Genomics
    Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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      BMC Genomics
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    Authors: Heine, Klaus; Atwal, Glyn; He, Jiaxun;

    International audience; The recent wave of luxury ventures in China has created an important need to understand luxury brand-building in China. A critical component of this research domain is the concept of country-of-origin (CoO). Chinese ventures use multiple country associations which makes the country one of the most suitable places to study the new phenomenon of hybrid brands. This marks a new stage in the evolution of CoO research. Findings stemming from a conceptual research and an explorative study are used to develop a conceptual model for managing CoO affiliations for hybrid brands within the context of Chinese luxury brands. Practical implications will help brand managers to understand which CoO facets make a luxury brand ‘Chinese’ and, on the other hand, how to improve brand prestige with Western CoO cues.

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    Australasian Marketing Journal
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    Australasian Marketing Journal
    Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2019
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    Authors: Ahmed Fadhil Hassoney Almurshedi; Abd Khamim Ismail;

    Cross Coherence time frequency transform and independent component analysis (ICA) method were used to analyse the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in resting and action states during open and close eyes conditions. From the topographical scalp distributions of delta, theta, alpha, and beta power spectrum can clearly discriminate between the signal when the eyes were open or closed, but it was difficult to distinguish between resting and action states when the eyes were closed. In open eyes condition, the frontal area (Fp1, Fp2) was activated (higher power) in delta and theta bands whilst occipital (O1, O2) and partial (P3, P4, Pz) area of brain was activated alpha band in closed eyes condition. The cross coherence method of time frequency analysis is capable of discrimination between rest and action brain signals in closed eyes condition.

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    Journal of Physics : Conference Series
    Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Physics : Conference Series
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    Authors: Pohchoo Seow; Vairavan Narayanan; Aditya Tri Hernowo; Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong; +1 Authors

    Objectives This study maps the lipid distributions based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in-and opposed-phase (IOP) sequence and correlates the findings generated from lipid map to histological grading of glioma. Methods Forty histologically proven glioma patients underwent a standard MRI tumour protocol with the addition of IOP sequence. The regions of tumour (solid enhancing, solid non-enhancing, and cystic regions) were delineated using snake model (ITK-SNAP) with reference to structural and diffusion MRI images. The lipid distribution map was constructed based on signal loss ratio (SLR) obtained from the IOP imaging. The mean SLR values of the regions were computed and compared across the different glioma grades. Results The solid enhancing region of glioma had the highest SLR for both Grade II and III. The mean SLR of solid non-enhancing region of tumour demonstrated statistically significant difference between the WHO grades (grades II, III & IV) (mean SLRII = 0.04, mean SLRIII = 0.06, mean SLRIV = 0.08, & p < .01). A strong positive correlation was seen between WHO grades with mean SLR on lipid map of solid non-enhancing (ρ=0.68, p < .01). Conclusion Lipid quantification via lipid map provides useful information on lipid landscape in tumour heterogeneity characterisation of glioma. This technique adds to the surgical diagnostic yield by identifying biopsy targets. It can also be used as an adjunct grading tool for glioma as well as to provide information about lipidomics landscape in glioma development. Highlights • In- and opposed-phase imaging is useful in gliomas characterisation and grading. • Signal loss ratio in the solid non-enhancing region is a potential imaging marker for discriminating between the WHO grades. • Lipid quantification via lipid distribution mapping provides useful information on lipid landscape in tumour heterogeneity.

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    NeuroImage: Clinical
    Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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    NeuroImage: Clinical
    Article . 2018
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    Authors: Gunes Sevinc; Hakan Gurvit; R. Nathan Spreng;

    Abstract Moral cognition is associated with activation of the default network, regions implicated in mentalizing about one’s own actions or the intentions of others. Yet little is known about the initial detection of moral information. We examined the neural correlates of moral processing during a narrative completion task, which included an implicit moral salience manipulation. During fMRI scanning, participants read a brief vignette and selected the most semantically congruent sentence from two options to complete the narrative. The options were immoral, moral or neutral statements. RT was fastest for the selection of neutral statements and slowest for immoral statements. Neuroimaging analyses revealed that responses involving morally laden content engaged default and executive control network brain regions including medial and rostral prefrontal cortex, and core regions of the salience network, including anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate. Immoral vs moral conditions additionally engaged the salience network. These results implicate the salience network in the detection of moral information, which may modulate downstream default and frontal control network interactions in the service of complex moral reasoning and decision-making processes. These findings suggest that moral cognition involves both bottom-up and top-down attentional processes, mediated by discrete large-scale brain networks and their interactions.

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    Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
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    Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
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      Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
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    Authors: Hamwira Sakti Yaacob; Wahab Abdul; Norhaslinda Kamaruddin;

    Emotions are frequently studied based on two approaches; categorical and dimensional. In this study, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) was employed to classify four affective states as posited from these approaches. It was observed that emotional states viewed from the dimensional perspective are well discriminated using memory test. In addition to that, the dynamic for each of the four emotions were also presented, in which it was also indicated that an emotional state does not occur abruptly.

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    http://irep.iium.edu.my/30842/...
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    https://doi.org/10.1109/ict4m....
    Conference object . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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      http://irep.iium.edu.my/30842/...
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      https://doi.org/10.1109/ict4m....
      Conference object . 2013 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Vasistha, N; García-Moreno, F; Arora, S; Cheung, A; +3 Authors

    The individual contribution of different progenitor subtypes towards the mature rodent cerebral cortex is not fully understood. Intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs) are key to understanding the regulation of neuronal number during cortical development and evolution, yet their exact contribution is much debated. Intermediate progenitors in the cortical subventricular zone are defined by expression of T-box brain-2 (Tbr2). In this study we demonstrate by using the Tbr2(Cre) mouse line and state-of-the-art cell lineage labeling techniques, that IPC derived cells contribute substantial proportions 67.5% of glutamatergic but not GABAergic or astrocytic cells to all cortical layers including the earliest generated subplate zone. We also describe the laminar dispersion of clonally derived cells from IPCs using a recently described clonal analysis tool (CLoNe) and show that pair-generated cells in different layers cluster closer (142.1 ± 76.8 μm) than unrelated cells (294.9 ± 105.4 μm). The clonal dispersion from individual Tbr2 positive intermediate progenitors contributes to increasing the cortical surface. Our study also describes extracortical contributions from Tbr2+ progenitors to the lateral olfactory tract and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
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    Oxford University Research Archive; Cerebral Cortex
    Other literature type . Article . 2016 . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY NC
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    Cerebral Cortex
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    Cerebral Cortex
    Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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      Oxford University Research Archive; Cerebral Cortex
      Other literature type . Article . 2016 . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
      License: CC BY NC
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      Cerebral Cortex
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      Cerebral Cortex
      Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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