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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Dequin, Pierre-François; Heming, Nicholas; Meziani, Ferhat; Plantefève, Gaëtan; +18 Authors

    International audience; Importance: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with severe lung damage. Corticosteroids are a possible therapeutic option.Objective: To determine the effect of hydrocortisone on treatment failure on day 21 in critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and acute respiratory failure.Design, setting, and participants: Multicenter randomized double-blind sequential trial conducted in France, with interim analyses planned every 50 patients. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure were enrolled from March 7 to June 1, 2020, with last follow-up on June 29, 2020. The study intended to enroll 290 patients but was stopped early following the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring board.Interventions: Patients were randomized to receive low-dose hydrocortisone (n = 76) or placebo (n = 73).Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome, treatment failure on day 21, was defined as death or persistent dependency on mechanical ventilation or high-flow oxygen therapy. Prespecified secondary outcomes included the need for tracheal intubation (among patients not intubated at baseline); cumulative incidences (until day 21) of prone position sessions, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and inhaled nitric oxide; Pao2:Fio2 ratio measured daily from day 1 to day 7, then on days 14 and 21; and the proportion of patients with secondary infections during their ICU stay.Results: The study was stopped after 149 patients (mean age, 62.2 years; 30.2% women; 81.2% mechanically ventilated) were enrolled. One hundred forty-eight patients (99.3%) completed the study, and there were 69 treatment failure events, including 11 deaths in the hydrocortisone group and 20 deaths in the placebo group. The primary outcome, treatment failure on day 21, occurred in 32 of 76 patients (42.1%) in the hydrocortisone group compared with 37 of 73 (50.7%) in the placebo group (difference of proportions, -8.6% [95.48% CI, -24.9% to 7.7%]; P = .29). Of the 4 prespecified secondary outcomes, none showed a significant difference. No serious adverse events were related to the study treatment.Conclusions and relevance: In this study of critically ill patients with COVID-19 and acute respiratory failure, low-dose hydrocortisone, compared with placebo, did not significantly reduce treatment failure (defined as death or persistent respiratory support) at day 21. However, the study was stopped early and likely was underpowered to find a statistically and clinically important difference in the primary outcome.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02517489.

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    Authors: Sakkila, Laila; Tatkeu, C.; Rivenq, Atika; Zaidouni, J.; +1 Authors

    Due to the current events related to Covid-19, the conference originally planned for July 2020 has been postponed to April 7-9, 2021.The conference will be organized virtually by videoconference. ORAL; International audience; In this paper, a study of UWB receivers in terms of detection theory is presented. The UWB radar which is presented in many works previously [1]-[3] has many applications. For road UWB radar application, the receiver based on correlation is the optimum receiver [4]. In fact, it maximizes the probability of detection. We will consider, in this study, a correlator receiver based on a threshold detection method. As in narrowband [5] [6], we will describe the theoretical study that evaluates the performance of the UWB receiver based on correlation in terms of detection and false alarm probabilities. Then a study of curves showing threshold receiver operating characteristics (ROC system), based on correlation and destined to be used for a UWB radar is presented. The study is original because it is presented for the first time in a UWB radar system.

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    https://doi.org/10.1109/isivc4...
    Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: IEEE Copyright
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      https://doi.org/10.1109/isivc4...
      Conference object . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Henry, R.S.; Kwakkenbos, L.; Kwakkenbos, L.; Kwakkenbos, L.; +7 Authors

    OBJECTIVES: People with systemic sclerosis (SSc) are vulnerable in COVID-19 and face challenges related to shifting COVID-19 risk and protective restrictions. We evaluated mental health symptom trajectories in people with SSc through March 2022. METHODS: The longitudinal Scleroderma Patient-centred Intervention Network (SPIN) COVID-19 cohort was launched in April 2020 and included participants from the ongoing SPIN Cohort and external enrolees. Analyses included estimated means with 95% CIs for anxiety and depression symptoms pre-COVID-19 for ongoing SPIN Cohort participants and anxiety, depression, loneliness, and fear of COVID-19 for all participants across 28 COVID-19 assessments up to March 2022. We conducted sensitivity analyse including estimating trajectories using only responses from participants who completed >90% of items for ≥21 of 28 possible assessments ("completers") and stratified analyses for all outcomes by sex, age, country, and SSc subtype. RESULTS: Anxiety symptoms increased in early 2020 but returned to pre-COVID-19 levels by mid-2020 and remained stable through March 2022. Depression symptoms did not initially change but were slightly lower by mid-2020 compared to pre-COVID-19 and were stable through March 2022. COVID-19 fear started high and decreased. Loneliness did not change across the pandemic. Results were similar for completers and for all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: People with SSc continue to face COVID-19 challenges related to ongoing risk, the opening of societies, and removal of protective restrictions. People with SSc, in aggregate, appear to be weathering the pandemic well, but health care providers should be mindful that some individuals may benefit from mental health support. Contains fulltext : 295974.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) 5 p.

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    Radboud Repository
    Article . 2023
    Data sources: Radboud Repository
    Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology
    Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2023
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      Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology
      Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Juckel, Dylan; Dubuisson, Jean; Belouzard, Sandrine;

    Les coronavirus sont une famille de virus qui infectent un grand nombre de mammifères et d’oiseaux. Cette famille de virus est connue pour sa capacité à franchir les barrières d’espèces et à en infecter de nouvelles. La pandémie actuelle de COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) est la conséquence de la troisième émergence de coronavirus, la plus récente, dans la population humaine depuis le début du siècle, celle du SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Les coronavirus sont des virus enveloppés à ARN simple brin de polarité positive, qui, comme tous les virus, exploitent la machinerie cellulaire pour se multiplier. À ce jour, il n’existe aucun vaccin ni traitement antiviral spécifique pour lutter contre les coronavirus, mais plusieurs pistes thérapeutiques sont explorées pour traiter le COVID-19.

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    médecine/sciences
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Yazdanpanah, Yazdan; DIALLO, Alpha; PAUL, Christelle; MERCIER, Noémie; +198 Authors

    Abstract Little is known on the association between clinical factors and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) more than 15 days after diagnosis. We conducted a multicentric prospective cohort of COVID‐19 hospitalized patients to describe clinical, biological, and virological characteristics at hospital admission and over time, according to mortality up to Day 60 after admission. For the analysis of risk factors of survival, analyses assessing associations between mortality and demographic characteristics or comorbidities were performed using a Cox regression model. Between January 24 and March 15, 2020, 246 patients with reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reactions virologically confirmed COVID‐19 were enrolled. In multivariate analysis, mortality at Day 60 (n = 42 patients, 17.1% [95% confidence interval, 12.6–22.4]) was associated with older age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] for age ≥ 65 years: 5.22 [2.56–10.63, p < .001]), gender (aHR for male: 2.97 [1.47–5.99, p = .002]), chronic pulmonary disease (aHR: 4.84 [2.32–10.07, p < .001]), obesity (aHR: 3.32 [1.70–6.52, p < .001]), and diabetes (aHR: 1.98 [1.01–3.89, p = .048]). The median nasopharyngeal viral load at admission was 6.4 log10 copies/ml and was associated with mortality regardless of clinical risk factors. Viral load decreased with time elapsed since symptoms onset. Our study confirmed that mortality was associated with clinical characteristics at admission. The viral load at admission was significantly lower in patients admitted late after the onset of symptoms in both dead and alive patients. Our results could improve earlier identification of patients with increased risk of mortality and adapted management. Highlights Older age, male gender, chronic pulmonary disease (not asthma), obesity, and diabetes were associated with mortality in COVID‐19 hospitalized patients. Viral load at admission decreased with the time since symptom onset, with an association with mortality adjusted on clinical risk factors.

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    Journal of Medical Virology
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      Journal of Medical Virology
      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Almeftah, Tifaout; Brotcorne, Luce; Cattaruzza, Diego; Fortz, Bernard; +4 Authors

    Group testing is a screening strategy that involves dividing a population into several disjointed groups of subjects. In its simplest implementation, each group is tested with a single test in the first phase, while in the second phase only subjects in positive groups, if any, need to be tested again individually. In this paper, we address the problem of group testing design, which aims to determine a partition into groups of a finite population in such a way that cardinality constraints on the size of each group and a constraint on the expected total number of tests are satisfied while minimizing a linear combination of the expected number of false negative and false positive classifications. First, we show that the properties and model introduced by Aprahmian et al. can be extended to the group test design problem, which is then modeled as a constrained shortest path problem on a specific graph. We design and implement an ad hoc algorithm to solve this problem. On instances based on Sant\'e Publique France data on Covid-19 screening tests, the results of the computational experiments are very promising.

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    Other literature type . 2020
    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2020
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    Authors: Khalil El Karoui; Maryvonne Hourmant; Carole Ayav; François Glowacki; +2 Authors

    Background and objectives Dialysis patients have a high mortality risk after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and an altered immunologic response to vaccines, but vaccine clinical effectiveness remains unknown in this population. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Using Bayesian multivariable spatiotemporal models, we estimated the association between vaccine exposure and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) severe infections (with hospital admission) in dialysis patients from simultaneous incidence in the general population. For dialysis patients, cases were reported within the French end-stage kidney disease REIN registry from March 11, 2020, to April 29, 2021, and vaccine exposure (first dose) was reported in weekly national surveys since January 2021. Cases in the general population were obtained from the national exhaustive inpatient surveillance system (SI-VIC database), and vaccination coverage (first dose) was obtained from the national surveillance system (VAC-SI database). Results During the first wave, incidence in dialysis patients was approximately proportional to the general population. However, we showed a lower relative incidence for dialysis patients during the second wave (compared with that observed in nondialysis patients), suggesting an effect of prevention measures. Moreover, from the beginning of the vaccination rollout, incidence in dialysis patients was lower compared with predictions based on the first and second waves. Adding vaccination coverages in dialysis and nondialysis patients as predictors allowed the reported cases to be fit correctly (3685 predicted cases, 95% confidence interval, 3552 to 3816, versus 3620 reported). Incidence rate ratios were 0.37 (95% confidence interval, 0.18 to 0.71) for vaccine exposure in dialysis patients and 0.50 (95% confidence interval, 0.40 to 0.61) per 10% higher in vaccination coverage in the same-age general population, meaning that vaccine exposure in dialysis patients and the general population was independently associated with lower hospitalization rate of dialysis patients. Conclusions Our findings suggest that vaccination may yield a protective effect against severe forms of COVID-19 in dialysis patients, despite altered immunologic vaccine responses.

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    Europe PubMed Central
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    Authors: Fauroux, Brigitte; Khirani, Sonia; Amaddeo, Alessandro; MASSENAVETTE, Bruno; +62 Authors

    International audience; Bronchopulmonary infections are a major trigger of cardiac decompensation and are frequently associated with hospitalizations in patients with heart failure (HF). Adverse cardiac effects associated with respiratory infections, more specifically Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza infections, are the consequence of inflammatory processes and thrombotic events. For both influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations, large multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed to evaluate their efficacy in preventing cardiovascular events, especially in HF patients. No study to date has evaluated the protective effect of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with HF. Different guidelines recommend annual influenza vaccination for patients with established cardiovascular disease and also recommend pneumococcal vaccination in patients with HF. The Heart Failure group of the French Society of Cardiology recently strongly recommended vaccination against COVID-19 in HF patients. Nevertheless, the implementation of vaccination recommendations against respiratory infections in HF patients remains suboptimal. This suggests that a national health policy is needed to improve vaccination coverage, involving not only the general practitioner, but also other health providers, such as cardiologists, nurses, and pharmacists. This review first summarizes the pathophysiology of the interrelationships between inflammation, infection, and HF. Then, we describe the current clinical knowledge concerning the protective effect of vaccines against respiratory diseases (influenza, pneumococcal infection, and COVID-19) in patients with HF and finally we propose how vaccination coverage could be improved in these patients.

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    Journal of Clinical Medicine
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Sacha Rozencwajg; Alice Blet; Antoine Lamer; Thomas Clavier; +9 Authors

    International audience; We report data regarding three countries with similar healthcare systems which had three different vaccinal strategies between 1st of January and 10th of April 2021: rapid full vaccination (Israel), rapid first-dose vaccination (United Kingdom) and a delayed vaccination strategy (France).

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    Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
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    Authors: Cantrelle, François‐Xavier; Boll, Emmanuelle; Brier, Lucile; Moschidi, Danai; +9 Authors

    Abstract The main protease (3CLp) of the SARS‐CoV‐2, the causative agent for the COVID‐19 pandemic, is one of the main targets for drug development. To be active, 3CLp relies on a complex interplay between dimerization, active site flexibility, and allosteric regulation. The deciphering of these mechanisms is a crucial step to enable the search for inhibitors. In this context, using NMR spectroscopy, we studied the conformation of dimeric 3CLp from the SARS‐CoV‐2 and monitored ligand binding, based on NMR signal assignments. We performed a fragment‐based screening that led to the identification of 38 fragment hits. Their binding sites showed three hotspots on 3CLp, two in the substrate binding pocket and one at the dimer interface. F01 is a non‐covalent inhibitor of the 3CLp and has antiviral activity in SARS‐CoV‐2 infected cells. This study sheds light on the complex structure‐function relationships of 3CLp and constitutes a strong basis to assist in developing potent 3CLp inhibitors. We report the liquid‐sate NMR spectroscopy analysis of the dimeric SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease (3CLp), including its backbone assignments, to study its complex conformational regulation. Using fragment‐based NMR screening, we highlighted three hotspots on the protein, two in the substrate binding pocket and one at the dimer interface, and we identified a non‐covalent reversible inhibitor of 3CLp that has antiviral activity in infected cells.

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    Angewandte Chemie
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    Angewandte Chemie
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    Angewandte Chemie International Edition
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    Authors: Dequin, Pierre-François; Heming, Nicholas; Meziani, Ferhat; Plantefève, Gaëtan; +18 Authors

    International audience; Importance: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with severe lung damage. Corticosteroids are a possible therapeutic option.Objective: To determine the effect of hydrocortisone on treatment failure on day 21 in critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and acute respiratory failure.Design, setting, and participants: Multicenter randomized double-blind sequential trial conducted in France, with interim analyses planned every 50 patients. Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure were enrolled from March 7 to June 1, 2020, with last follow-up on June 29, 2020. The study intended to enroll 290 patients but was stopped early following the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring board.Interventions: Patients were randomized to receive low-dose hydrocortisone (n = 76) or placebo (n = 73).Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome, treatment failure on day 21, was defined as death or persistent dependency on mechanical ventilation or high-flow oxygen therapy. Prespecified secondary outcomes included the need for tracheal intubation (among patients not intubated at baseline); cumulative incidences (until day 21) of prone position sessions, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and inhaled nitric oxide; Pao2:Fio2 ratio measured daily from day 1 to day 7, then on days 14 and 21; and the proportion of patients with secondary infections during their ICU stay.Results: The study was stopped after 149 patients (mean age, 62.2 years; 30.2% women; 81.2% mechanically ventilated) were enrolled. One hundred forty-eight patients (99.3%) completed the study, and there were 69 treatment failure events, including 11 deaths in the hydrocortisone group and 20 deaths in the placebo group. The primary outcome, treatment failure on day 21, occurred in 32 of 76 patients (42.1%) in the hydrocortisone group compared with 37 of 73 (50.7%) in the placebo group (difference of proportions, -8.6% [95.48% CI, -24.9% to 7.7%]; P = .29). Of the 4 prespecified secondary outcomes, none showed a significant difference. No serious adverse events were related to the study treatment.Conclusions and relevance: In this study of critically ill patients with COVID-19 and acute respiratory failure, low-dose hydrocortisone, compared with placebo, did not significantly reduce treatment failure (defined as death or persistent respiratory support) at day 21. However, the study was stopped early and likely was underpowered to find a statistically and clinically important difference in the primary outcome.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02517489.

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    Authors: Sakkila, Laila; Tatkeu, C.; Rivenq, Atika; Zaidouni, J.; +1 Authors

    Due to the current events related to Covid-19, the conference originally planned for July 2020 has been postponed to April 7-9, 2021.The conference will be organized virtually by videoconference. ORAL; International audience; In this paper, a study of UWB receivers in terms of detection theory is presented. The UWB radar which is presented in many works previously [1]-[3] has many applications. For road UWB radar application, the receiver based on correlation is the optimum receiver [4]. In fact, it maximizes the probability of detection. We will consider, in this study, a correlator receiver based on a threshold detection method. As in narrowband [5] [6], we will describe the theoretical study that evaluates the performance of the UWB receiver based on correlation in terms of detection and false alarm probabilities. Then a study of curves showing threshold receiver operating characteristics (ROC system), based on correlation and destined to be used for a UWB radar is presented. The study is original because it is presented for the first time in a UWB radar system.

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    https://doi.org/10.1109/isivc4...
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      https://doi.org/10.1109/isivc4...
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    Authors: Henry, R.S.; Kwakkenbos, L.; Kwakkenbos, L.; Kwakkenbos, L.; +7 Authors

    OBJECTIVES: People with systemic sclerosis (SSc) are vulnerable in COVID-19 and face challenges related to shifting COVID-19 risk and protective restrictions. We evaluated mental health symptom trajectories in people with SSc through March 2022. METHODS: The longitudinal Scleroderma Patient-centred Intervention Network (SPIN) COVID-19 cohort was launched in April 2020 and included participants from the ongoing SPIN Cohort and external enrolees. Analyses included estimated means with 95% CIs for anxiety and depression symptoms pre-COVID-19 for ongoing SPIN Cohort participants and anxiety, depression, loneliness, and fear of COVID-19 for all participants across 28 COVID-19 assessments up to March 2022. We conducted sensitivity analyse including estimating trajectories using only responses from participants who completed >90% of items for ≥21 of 28 possible assessments ("completers") and stratified analyses for all outcomes by sex, age, country, and SSc subtype. RESULTS: Anxiety symptoms increased in early 2020 but returned to pre-COVID-19 levels by mid-2020 and remained stable through March 2022. Depression symptoms did not initially change but were slightly lower by mid-2020 compared to pre-COVID-19 and were stable through March 2022. COVID-19 fear started high and decreased. Loneliness did not change across the pandemic. Results were similar for completers and for all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: People with SSc continue to face COVID-19 challenges related to ongoing risk, the opening of societies, and removal of protective restrictions. People with SSc, in aggregate, appear to be weathering the pandemic well, but health care providers should be mindful that some individuals may benefit from mental health support. Contains fulltext : 295974.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) 5 p.

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    Article . 2023
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    Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology
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    Authors: Juckel, Dylan; Dubuisson, Jean; Belouzard, Sandrine;

    Les coronavirus sont une famille de virus qui infectent un grand nombre de mammifères et d’oiseaux. Cette famille de virus est connue pour sa capacité à franchir les barrières d’espèces et à en infecter de nouvelles. La pandémie actuelle de COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 19) est la conséquence de la troisième émergence de coronavirus, la plus récente, dans la population humaine depuis le début du siècle, celle du SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Les coronavirus sont des virus enveloppés à ARN simple brin de polarité positive, qui, comme tous les virus, exploitent la machinerie cellulaire pour se multiplier. À ce jour, il n’existe aucun vaccin ni traitement antiviral spécifique pour lutter contre les coronavirus, mais plusieurs pistes thérapeutiques sont explorées pour traiter le COVID-19.

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    Authors: Yazdanpanah, Yazdan; DIALLO, Alpha; PAUL, Christelle; MERCIER, Noémie; +198 Authors

    Abstract Little is known on the association between clinical factors and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) more than 15 days after diagnosis. We conducted a multicentric prospective cohort of COVID‐19 hospitalized patients to describe clinical, biological, and virological characteristics at hospital admission and over time, according to mortality up to Day 60 after admission. For the analysis of risk factors of survival, analyses assessing associations between mortality and demographic characteristics or comorbidities were performed using a Cox regression model. Between January 24 and March 15, 2020, 246 patients with reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reactions virologically confirmed COVID‐19 were enrolled. In multivariate analysis, mortality at Day 60 (n = 42 patients, 17.1% [95% confidence interval, 12.6–22.4]) was associated with older age (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] for age ≥ 65 years: 5.22 [2.56–10.63, p < .001]), gender (aHR for male: 2.97 [1.47–5.99, p = .002]), chronic pulmonary disease (aHR: 4.84 [2.32–10.07, p < .001]), obesity (aHR: 3.32 [1.70–6.52, p < .001]), and diabetes (aHR: 1.98 [1.01–3.89, p = .048]). The median nasopharyngeal viral load at admission was 6.4 log10 copies/ml and was associated with mortality regardless of clinical risk factors. Viral load decreased with time elapsed since symptoms onset. Our study confirmed that mortality was associated with clinical characteristics at admission. The viral load at admission was significantly lower in patients admitted late after the onset of symptoms in both dead and alive patients. Our results could improve earlier identification of patients with increased risk of mortality and adapted management. Highlights Older age, male gender, chronic pulmonary disease (not asthma), obesity, and diabetes were associated with mortality in COVID‐19 hospitalized patients. Viral load at admission decreased with the time since symptom onset, with an association with mortality adjusted on clinical risk factors.

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    Journal of Medical Virology
    Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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      Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
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    Authors: Almeftah, Tifaout; Brotcorne, Luce; Cattaruzza, Diego; Fortz, Bernard; +4 Authors

    Group testing is a screening strategy that involves dividing a population into several disjointed groups of subjects. In its simplest implementation, each group is tested with a single test in the first phase, while in the second phase only subjects in positive groups, if any, need to be tested again individually. In this paper, we address the problem of group testing design, which aims to determine a partition into groups of a finite population in such a way that cardinality constraints on the size of each group and a constraint on the expected total number of tests are satisfied while minimizing a linear combination of the expected number of false negative and false positive classifications. First, we show that the properties and model introduced by Aprahmian et al. can be extended to the group test design problem, which is then modeled as a constrained shortest path problem on a specific graph. We design and implement an ad hoc algorithm to solve this problem. On instances based on Sant\'e Publique France data on Covid-19 screening tests, the results of the computational experiments are very promising.

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    Hyper Article en Ligne
    Other literature type . 2020
    https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv...
    Article . 2020
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    Authors: Khalil El Karoui; Maryvonne Hourmant; Carole Ayav; François Glowacki; +2 Authors

    Background and objectives Dialysis patients have a high mortality risk after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and an altered immunologic response to vaccines, but vaccine clinical effectiveness remains unknown in this population. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Using Bayesian multivariable spatiotemporal models, we estimated the association between vaccine exposure and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) severe infections (with hospital admission) in dialysis patients from simultaneous incidence in the general population. For dialysis patients, cases were reported within the French end-stage kidney disease REIN registry from March 11, 2020, to April 29, 2021, and vaccine exposure (first dose) was reported in weekly national surveys since January 2021. Cases in the general population were obtained from the national exhaustive inpatient surveillance system (SI-VIC database), and vaccination coverage (first dose) was obtained from the national surveillance system (VAC-SI database). Results During the first wave, incidence in dialysis patients was approximately proportional to the general population. However, we showed a lower relative incidence for dialysis patients during the second wave (compared with that observed in nondialysis patients), suggesting an effect of prevention measures. Moreover, from the beginning of the vaccination rollout, incidence in dialysis patients was lower compared with predictions based on the first and second waves. Adding vaccination coverages in dialysis and nondialysis patients as predictors allowed the reported cases to be fit correctly (3685 predicted cases, 95% confidence interval, 3552 to 3816, versus 3620 reported). Incidence rate ratios were 0.37 (95% confidence interval, 0.18 to 0.71) for vaccine exposure in dialysis patients and 0.50 (95% confidence interval, 0.40 to 0.61) per 10% higher in vaccination coverage in the same-age general population, meaning that vaccine exposure in dialysis patients and the general population was independently associated with lower hospitalization rate of dialysis patients. Conclusions Our findings suggest that vaccination may yield a protective effect against severe forms of COVID-19 in dialysis patients, despite altered immunologic vaccine responses.

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    Europe PubMed Central
    Other literature type . 2022
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    Authors: Fauroux, Brigitte; Khirani, Sonia; Amaddeo, Alessandro; MASSENAVETTE, Bruno; +62 Authors

    International audience; Bronchopulmonary infections are a major trigger of cardiac decompensation and are frequently associated with hospitalizations in patients with heart failure (HF). Adverse cardiac effects associated with respiratory infections, more specifically Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza infections, are the consequence of inflammatory processes and thrombotic events. For both influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations, large multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed to evaluate their efficacy in preventing cardiovascular events, especially in HF patients. No study to date has evaluated the protective effect of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with HF. Different guidelines recommend annual influenza vaccination for patients with established cardiovascular disease and also recommend pneumococcal vaccination in patients with HF. The Heart Failure group of the French Society of Cardiology recently strongly recommended vaccination against COVID-19 in HF patients. Nevertheless, the implementation of vaccination recommendations against respiratory infections in HF patients remains suboptimal. This suggests that a national health policy is needed to improve vaccination coverage, involving not only the general practitioner, but also other health providers, such as cardiologists, nurses, and pharmacists. This review first summarizes the pathophysiology of the interrelationships between inflammation, infection, and HF. Then, we describe the current clinical knowledge concerning the protective effect of vaccines against respiratory diseases (influenza, pneumococcal infection, and COVID-19) in patients with HF and finally we propose how vaccination coverage could be improved in these patients.

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    Journal of Clinical Medicine
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
    License: CC BY
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    Article . 2021
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    Authors: Sacha Rozencwajg; Alice Blet; Antoine Lamer; Thomas Clavier; +9 Authors

    International audience; We report data regarding three countries with similar healthcare systems which had three different vaccinal strategies between 1st of January and 10th of April 2021: rapid full vaccination (Israel), rapid first-dose vaccination (United Kingdom) and a delayed vaccination strategy (France).

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    Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain Medicine
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    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.go...
    Other literature type . 2021
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.go...
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    Authors: Cantrelle, François‐Xavier; Boll, Emmanuelle; Brier, Lucile; Moschidi, Danai; +9 Authors

    Abstract The main protease (3CLp) of the SARS‐CoV‐2, the causative agent for the COVID‐19 pandemic, is one of the main targets for drug development. To be active, 3CLp relies on a complex interplay between dimerization, active site flexibility, and allosteric regulation. The deciphering of these mechanisms is a crucial step to enable the search for inhibitors. In this context, using NMR spectroscopy, we studied the conformation of dimeric 3CLp from the SARS‐CoV‐2 and monitored ligand binding, based on NMR signal assignments. We performed a fragment‐based screening that led to the identification of 38 fragment hits. Their binding sites showed three hotspots on 3CLp, two in the substrate binding pocket and one at the dimer interface. F01 is a non‐covalent inhibitor of the 3CLp and has antiviral activity in SARS‐CoV‐2 infected cells. This study sheds light on the complex structure‐function relationships of 3CLp and constitutes a strong basis to assist in developing potent 3CLp inhibitors. We report the liquid‐sate NMR spectroscopy analysis of the dimeric SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease (3CLp), including its backbone assignments, to study its complex conformational regulation. Using fragment‐based NMR screening, we highlighted three hotspots on the protein, two in the substrate binding pocket and one at the dimer interface, and we identified a non‐covalent reversible inhibitor of 3CLp that has antiviral activity in infected cells.

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    Angewandte Chemie
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    Angewandte Chemie
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition
    Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Europe PubMed Centra...arrow_drop_down
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      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Angewandte Chemie
      Article
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Angewandte Chemie
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
      Data sources: Crossref
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      Angewandte Chemie International Edition
      Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
      License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.