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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2014 United Kingdom, Netherlands, Denmark, United Kingdom, Italy, Italy, Italy, GermanyPublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Nicholas J Kassebaum; Amelia Bertozzi-Villa; Megan Coggeshall; Katya Anne Shackelford; +253 AuthorsNicholas J Kassebaum; Amelia Bertozzi-Villa; Megan Coggeshall; Katya Anne Shackelford; Caitlyn Steiner; Kyle R. Heuton; Diego Gonzalez-Medina; Chantal Huynh; Daniel Dicker; Tara Templin; Timothy M. Wolock; Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren; Foad Abd-Allah; Semaw Ferede Abera; Ibrahim Abubakar; Tom Achoki; Zanfina Ademi; Arsène Kouablan Adou; Jose C. Adsuar; Dickens Akena; Deena Alasfoor; Samia Alhabib; Raghib Ali; Mazin J. Al Kahbouri; François Alla; Ubai Alsharif; Elena Alvarez; Adansi A. Amankwaa; Azmeraw T. Amare; Hassan Amini; Walid Ammar; Carl Abelardo T. Antonio; Palwasha Anwari; Johan Ärnlöv; Valentina Arsić Arsenijević; A Artaman; Rana J. Asghar; Reza Assadi; Lydia S. Atkins; Kalpana Balakrishnan; Arindam Basu; Justin Beardsley; Neeraj Bedi; Michelle L. Bell; Eduardo Bernabé; Tariku Jibat Beyene; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Aref A. Bin Abdulhak; Berrak Bora Basara; Dipan Bose; Nicholas J K Breitborde; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ruben Castro; Ferrán Catalá-López; Alanur Çavlin; Jung-Chen Chang; Xuan Che; Costas A. Christophi; Sumeet S. Chugh; Massimo Cirillo; Samantha M. Colquhoun; Leslie T. Cooper; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Adrian Davis; Louisa Degenhardt; Diego De Leo; Borja del Pozo-Cruz; Kebede Deribe; Gabrielle deVeber; Samath D Dharmaratne; Eric L. Ding; Rob E. Dorrington; Tim Driscoll; Sergei Petrovich Ermakov; Alireza Esteghamati; Emerito Jose A. Faraon; Farshad Farzadfar; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima; Mohammad H. Forouzanfar; Elisabeth Barboza França; Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé; Ana C. Garcia; Johanna M. Geleijnse; Katherine B Gibney; Maurice Giroud; Elizabeth Glaser; Ketevan Goginashvili; Philimon Gona; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N. Gouda; Harish Chander Gugnani; Randah R. Hamadeh; Graeme J. Hankey; Simon I. Hay; Ileana B. Heredia Pi; Hans W. Hoek; H. Dean Hosgood; Abdullatif Husseini; Bulat Idrisov; Kaire Innos; Kathryn H. Jacobsen; Sun Ha Jee; Vivekanand Jha; Guohong Jiang; Knud Juel; Edmond K. Kabagambe; Haidong Kan; André Karch; Corine Karema; Anil Kaul; Norito Kawakami; Dhruv S. Kazi; Andrew H. Kemp; Andre Pascal Kengne; Yousef Khader; Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Young-Ho Khang; Luke D. Knibbs; Soewarta Kosen; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Chanda Kulkarni; Veena S. Kulkarni; Gene F. Kwan; Ratilal Lalloo; Van C. Lansingh; Anders Larsson; Jongmin Lee; Mall Leinsalu; Ricky Leung; Yichong Li; Yongmei Li; Juan Liang; Xiaofeng Liang; Stephen S Lim; Hsien-Ho Lin; Steven E. Lipshultz; Shiwei Liu; Yang Liu; Belinda K Lloyd; Stephanie J. London; Paulo A. Lotufo; Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado; Marek Majdan; Christopher C. Mapoma; Wagner Marcenes; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Amanda J. Mason-Jones; Man Mohan Mehndiratta; Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez; Ziad A. Memish; Walter Mendoza; Ted R. Miller; Edward J Mills; Glen Mola; Lorenzo Monasta; Jonathan de la Cruz Monis; Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Rintaro Mori; Mitsuru Mukaigawara; Aliya Naheed; Kovin Naidoo; Vinay Nangia; Denis Nash; Chakib Nejjari; Sudan Prasad Neupane; Charles R. Newton; Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Sandra Nolte; Ole Frithjof Norheim; Luke Nyakarahuka; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Bolajoko O. Olusanya; Saad B. Omer; John Nelson Opio; Orish Ebere Orisakwe; Jeyaraj D Pandian; Christina Papachristou; Jae-Hyun Park; Scott B. Patten; Neil Pearce; David M. Pereira; Konrad Pesudovs; Dan Poenaru; Guilherme V. Polanczyk; Suzanne Polinder; Farshad Pourmalek; Dima M. Qato; Kazem Rahimi; Sajjad Ur Rahman; Saleem M Rana; Amany H Refaat; Luca Ronfani; Nobhojit Roy; Tania Georgina Sánchez Pimienta; Joshua A. Salomon; Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson; Itamar S. Santos; Austin E Schumacher; Soraya Seedat; Edson Serván-Mori; Sara Sheikhbahaei; Kenji Shibuya; Hwashin Hyun Shin; Ivy Shiue; Donald H. Silberberg; Jasvinder A. Singh; Sergey Soshnikov; Luciano A. Sposato; Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Lela Sturua; Karen M. Tabb; Roberto Tchio Talongwa; Carolina Maria Teixeira; Eric Y. Tenkorang; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; David L. Tirschwell; Jeffrey A. Towbin; Bach Xuan Tran; Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris; Uche S. Uchendu; Kingsley N. Ukwaja; Eduardo A. Undurraga; Andrew Vallely; Coen H. Van Gool; Tommi Vasankari; Monica S. Vavilala; Salvador Villalpando; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Haidong Wang; Xiao Rong Wang; Yanping Wang; Scott Weichenthal; Elisabete Weiderpass; Robert G. Weintraub; James D. Wilkinson; Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes; Gelin Xu; Yang Yang; Yuichiro Yano; Gokalp Kadri Yentur; Seok Jun Yoon; Mustafa Z. Younis; Kim Yun Jin; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Yong Zhao; Maigeng Zhou; Jun Zhu; Xiao Nong Zou; Mohsen Naghavi; Christopher J L Murray; Rafael Lozano;pmc: PMC4255481
BACKGROUND: The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR; number of maternal deaths per 100,000 livebirths) between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to measure levels and track trends in maternal mortality, the key causes contributing to maternal death, and timing of maternal death with respect to delivery.METHODS: We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to analyse a database of data for 7065 site-years and estimate the number of maternal deaths from all causes in 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. We estimated the number of pregnancy-related deaths caused by HIV on the basis of a systematic review of the relative risk of dying during pregnancy for HIV-positive women compared with HIV-negative women. We also estimated the fraction of these deaths aggravated by pregnancy on the basis of a systematic review. To estimate the numbers of maternal deaths due to nine different causes, we identified 61 sources from a systematic review and 943 site-years of vital registration data. We also did a systematic review of reports about the timing of maternal death, identifying 142 sources to use in our analysis. We developed estimates for each country for 1990-2013 using Bayesian meta-regression. We estimated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for all values.FINDINGS: 292,982 (95% UI 261,017-327,792) maternal deaths occurred in 2013, compared with 376,034 (343,483-407,574) in 1990. The global annual rate of change in the MMR was -0·3% (-1·1 to 0·6) from 1990 to 2003, and -2·7% (-3·9 to -1·5) from 2003 to 2013, with evidence of continued acceleration. MMRs reduced consistently in south, east, and southeast Asia between 1990 and 2013, but maternal deaths increased in much of sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. 2070 (1290-2866) maternal deaths were related to HIV in 2013, 0·4% (0·2-0·6) of the global total. MMR was highest in the oldest age groups in both 1990 and 2013. In 2013, most deaths occurred intrapartum or postpartum. Causes varied by region and between 1990 and 2013. We recorded substantial variation in the MMR by country in 2013, from 956·8 (685·1-1262·8) in South Sudan to 2·4 (1·6-3·6) in Iceland.INTERPRETATION: Global rates of change suggest that only 16 countries will achieve the MDG 5 target by 2015. Accelerated reductions since the Millennium Declaration in 2000 coincide with increased development assistance for maternal, newborn, and child health. Setting of targets and associated interventions for after 2015 will need careful consideration of regions that are making slow progress, such as west and central Africa.FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
The Lancet arrow_drop_down Oxford University Research ArchiveOther literature type . 2016Data sources: Oxford University Research ArchiveOxford University Research ArchiveOther literature type . 2016Data sources: Oxford University Research ArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung RepositoryArticle . 2014License: CC BY NC SAData sources: Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung RepositoryUniversity of Southern Denmark Research Output; The LancetArticle . 2014Data sources: University of Southern Denmark Research OutputNARCIS; The LancetArticle . 2014Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2014Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2014Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salernoadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 1K citations 1,248 popularity Top 0.1% influence Top 0.1% impulse Top 0.01% Powered by BIP!visibility 6visibility views 6 Powered bymore_vert The Lancet arrow_drop_down Oxford University Research ArchiveOther literature type . 2016Data sources: Oxford University Research ArchiveOxford University Research ArchiveOther literature type . 2016Data sources: Oxford University Research ArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung RepositoryArticle . 2014License: CC BY NC SAData sources: Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung RepositoryUniversity of Southern Denmark Research Output; The LancetArticle . 2014Data sources: University of Southern Denmark Research OutputNARCIS; The LancetArticle . 2014Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2014Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2014Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salernoadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019 United Kingdom, Ireland, ItalyPublisher:MDPI AG Publicly fundedAuthors: Heffernan S. M.; Horner K.; De Vito G.; Conway G. E.;Heffernan S. M.; Horner K.; De Vito G.; Conway G. E.;Minerals and trace elements (MTEs) are micronutrients involved in hundreds of biological processes. Deficiency in MTEs can negatively affect athletic performance. Approximately 50% of athletes have reported consuming some form of micronutrient supplement; however, there is limited data confirming their efficacy for improving performance. The aim of this study was to systematically review the role of MTEs in exercise and athletic performance. Six electronic databases and grey literature sources (MEDLINE; EMBASE; CINAHL and SportDISCUS; Web of Science and clinicaltrials.gov) were searched, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results: 17,433 articles were identified and 130 experiments from 128 studies were included. Retrieved articles included Iron (n = 29), Calcium (n = 11), Magnesium, (n = 22), Phosphate (n = 17), Zinc (n = 9), Sodium (n = 15), Boron (n = 4), Selenium (n = 5), Chromium (n = 12) and multi-mineral articles (n = 5). No relevant articles were identified for Copper, Manganese, Iodine, Nickel, Fluoride or Cobalt. Only Iron and Magnesium included articles of sufficient quality to be assigned as ‘strong’. Currently, there is little evidence to support the use of MTE supplementation to improve physiological markers of athletic performance, with the possible exception of Iron (in particular, biological situations) and Magnesium as these currently have the strongest quality evidence. Regardless, some MTEs may possess the potential to improve athletic performance, but more high quality research is required before support for these MTEs can be given. PROSPERO preregistered (CRD42018090502).
Archivio istituziona... arrow_drop_down Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova; NutrientsArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYEurope PubMed CentralArticle . 2019Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6471179Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 67 citations 67 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!more_vert Archivio istituziona... arrow_drop_down Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova; NutrientsArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYEurope PubMed CentralArticle . 2019Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6471179Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3390/nu11030696&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2015 Italy, United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands, Turkey, Italy, Italy, France, Denmark, Turkey, United States, Denmark, United Kingdom, ItalyPublisher:Elsevier BV Publicly fundedFunded by:NHMRC | Modifiable risk factors f..., SNSF | Morbidity and cost of hel..., UKRI | MICA: Centre for the Impr... +2 projectsNHMRC| Modifiable risk factors for Serious Mental Illness - an integrated program of epidemiology, genetics and clinical trials ,SNSF| Morbidity and cost of helminth infections: fitting existing and investigating missing pieces of evidence ,UKRI| MICA: Centre for the Improvement of Population Health through E-health Research (CIPHER) ,SNSF| Morbidity and cost of helminth infections: learning from the past to prepare for the future ,NIH| Pediatric Injury Research Training ProgramAdrian Davis; Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren; Foad Abd-Allah; Victor Aboyans; Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham; Katrina Abuabara; Ibrahim Abubakar; Tom Achoki; Zanfina Ademi; Johan Ärnlöv; Miguel Angel Alegretti; Alicia Aleman; Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho; Samia Alhabib; Raghib Ali; François Alla; Peter Allebeck; Rustam Al-Shahi Salman; Ubai Alsharif; Adansi A. Amankwaa; Azmeraw T. Amare; Omid Ameli; Hassan Amini; Walid Ammar; Benjamin O. Anderson; Carl Abelardo T. Antonio; Henry Apfel; Solveig A. Cunningham; Valentina Arsić Arsenijević; Al Artaman; Lydia S. Atkins; Charles Atkinson; Kalpana Balakrishnan; Shivanthi Balalla; Amitava Banerjee; Lope H Barrero; Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez; Sanjay Basu; Mohammed Basulaiman; Justin Beardsley; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Michelle L. Bell; Corina Benjet; Derrick A Bennett; Habib Benzian; Tariku Jibat Beyene; Neeraj Bhala; Boris Bikbov; Fiona M. Blyth; Megan Bohensky; Guilherme Borges; Soufiane Boufous; Michael Brainin; Carol Brayne; Alexandra Brazinova; Hermann Brenner; Adam D M Briggs; Traolach S. Brugha; Geoffrey Buckle; Gene Bukhman; Ismael Ricardo Campos Nonato; Rosario Cárdenas; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ruben Castro; Ferrán Catalá-López; Fiorella Cavalleri; Jung-Chen Chang; Fiona C. Charlson; Xuan Che; Honglei Chen; Odgerel Chimed-Ochir; Rajiv Chowdhury; Hanne Christensen; Massimo Cirillo; Matthew M Coates; Luc E. Coffeng; Aaron Cohen; Valentina Colistro; Samantha M. Colquhoun; Leslie T. Cooper; Luis M. Coppola; Karen J. Courville; Benjamin C Cowie; Michael H. Criqui; Rakhi Dandona; Paul I. Dargan; Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora; Diego De Leo; Louisa Degenhardt; Borja del Pozo-Cruz; Kebede Deribe; Muluken Dessalegn; Gabrielle de Veber; Mukesh Dherani; José Luis Díaz-Ortega; Cesar Diaz-Torne; Daniel Dicker; Eric L. Ding; Klara Dokova; E. Ray Dorsey; Herbert C. Duber; Richard G. Ellenbogen; Yousef M. Elshrek; Sergey Petrovich Ermakov; Alireza Esteghamati; Thomas Fürst; Saman Fahimi; Emerito Jose A. Faraon; Farshad Farzadfar; Valery L. Feigin; Alize J. Ferrari; Thomas D. Fleming; Nataliya Foigt; Mohammad H. Forouzanfar; Urbano Fra Paleo; Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé; Johanna M. Geleijnse; Katherine B Gibney; Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi; Elizabeth Glaser; Shifalika Goenka; Philimon Gona; Caterina Guinovart; Rashmi Gupta; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N. Gouda; David Gunnell; Holly Hagan; Maria Hagströmer; Randah R. Hamadeh; Mouhanad Hammami; Graeme J. Hankey; Josep Maria Haro; Rasmus Havmoeller; Simon I. Hay; Mohammad Taghi Hedayati; Pouria Heydarpour; Hideki Higashi; Hans W. Hoek; H. Dean Hosgood; Mazeda Hossain; Peter J. Hotez; Damian G Hoy; Guoqing Hu; Mark D. Huffman; Abdullatif Husseini; Marissa Iannarone; Bulat Idrisov; Nayu Ikeda; Kaire Innos; Farhad Islami; Kathryn H. Jacobsen; Sudha Jayaraman; Vivekanand Jha; Ying Jiang; Jost B. Jonas; Knud Juel; Edmond K. Kabagambe; André Karch; Ganesan Karthikeyan; Nicholas J Kassebaum; Andre Pascal Kengne; Yousef Khader; Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Gulfaraz Khan; Young-Ho Khang; Christian Kieling; Yohannes Kinfu; Daniel Kim; Miia Kivipelto; Luke D. Knibbs; Ann Kristin Knudsen; Sowarta Kosen; Meera Kotagal; Michael Kravchenko; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Ernst J. Kuipers; Burcu Kucuk Bicer; Kaushalendra Kumar; Ravi Kumar; Hmwe H Kyu; Ratilal Lalloo; Tea Lallukka; Hilton Lam; Qing Lan; Van C. Lansingh; Heidi J. Larson; Pablo M. Lavados; Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz; Janet L Leasher; James Leigh; Mall Leinsalu; Ricky Leung; Carly E Levitz; Bin Li; Shiwei Liu; Yang Liu; Belinda K Lloyd; Giancarlo Logroscino; Stephanie J. London; Joannie Lortet-Tieulent; Paulo A. Lotufo; Robyn M. Lucas; Raimundas Lunevicius; Ronan A Lyons; Michael F. MacIntyre; Mark T Mackay; Jennifer H MacLachlan; Carlos Magis-Rodriguez; Abbas Ali Mahdi; Marek Majdan; Reza Malekzadeh; Christopher C. Mapoma; Wagner Marcenes; Christopher Margono; Guy B. Marks; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Mohammad T Mashal; Felix Masiye; Amanda J. Mason-Jones; Richard Matzopolous; Bongani M. Mayosi; John J. McGrath; Abigail C. McKay; Martin McKee; Man Mohan Mehndiratta; Yohannes Adama Melaku; Atte Meretoja; Francis Apolinary Mhimbira; Ted R. Miller; Edward J Mills; Terrie E. Moffitt; Lorenzo Monasta; Jonathan de la Cruz Monis; Marcella Montico; Thomas J. Montine; Ami R. Moore; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Andrew E. Moran; Rintaro Mori; Wilkister N. Moturi; Mitsuru Mukaigawara; Joseph Murray; Adetoun Mustapha; Paria Naghavi; Aliya Naheed; Luigi Naldi; Devina Nand; K.M. Venkat Narayan; Denis Nash; Jamal Nasher; Chakib Nejjari; Sudan Prasad Neupane; Grant Nguyen; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Sandra Nolte; Ole Frithjof Norheim; Rosana E. Norman; Bo Norrving; Luke Nyakarahuka; Shaun Odell; Martin O'Donnell; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Bolajoko O. Olusanya; Orish Ebere Orisakwe; Alberto Ortiz; Jeyaraj D Pandian; Jeemon Panniyammakal; Scott B. Patten; George C Patton; Vinod K. Paul; Boris I. Pavlin; Neil Pearce; Fernando Perez-Ruiz; Norberto Perico; Konrad Pesudovs; Carrie Beth Peterson; David Phillips; Frédéric B. Piel; Richie Poulton; Farshad Pourmalek; Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Dima M. Qato; Felicia A. Rabito; Anwar Rafay; Kazem Rahimi; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar; Ivo Rakovac; Saleem M Rana; Amany H Refaat; Giuseppe Remuzzi; Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro; Patricia M. Riccio; Jan Hendrik Richardus; Bayard Roberts; D. Allen Roberts; Margaret Robinson; Anna Roca; Alina Rodriguez; Dietrich Rothenbacher; Nobhojit Roy; George Mugambage Ruhago; Lesley Rushton; Sankar Sambandam; Kjetil Søreide; Mohammad Yahya Saeedi; Sukanta Saha; Ramesh Sahathevan; Berhe W. Sahle; Joshua A. Salomon; Deborah Salvo; Itamar S. Santos; Maheswar Satpathy; Mete Saylan; Ben Schöttker; Jürgen C Schmidt; Austin E Schumacher; David C. Schwebel; James Scott; Sadaf G. Sepanlou; Edson Serván-Mori; Jun She; Donald S. Shepard; Kenji Shibuya; Kawkab Shishani; Ivy Shiue; Rupak Shivakoti; Shireen Sindi; Jasvinder A. Singh; Edgar Sioson; Karen Sliwa; Michael Soljak; Sergey Soshnikov; Luciano A. Sposato; Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy; Jeffrey D. Stanaway; Kyle Steenland; Antony Stevens; Heidi Stöckl; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Bruno F. Sunguya; Soumya Swaminathan; Mamta Swaroop; Ken Takahashi; Feng Tan; David Tanne; Mohammad Tavakkoli; Braden Te Ao; Eric Y. Tenkorang; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Amanda G. Thrift; Taavi Tillmann; Imad M. Tleyjeh; Marcello Tonelli; Fotis Topouzis; Hideaki Toyoshima; Jefferson Traebert; Bach Xuan Tran; Matias Trillini; Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris; E. Murat Tuzcu; Kingsley N. Ukwaja; Eduardo A. Undurraga; Andrew Vallely; Coen H. Van Gool; Tommi Vasankari; Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos; Lakshmi Vijayakumar; Salvador Villalpando; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Gregory R. Wagner; Xiao Rong Wang; Tati S. Warouw; Elisabete Weiderpass; K. Ryan Wessells; Ronny Westerman; Harvey Whiteford; James D. Wilkinson; Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes; Timothy M. Wolock; Anthony D. Woolf; Sarah Wulf; Gelin Xu; Hiroshi Yatsuya; Seok Jun Yoon; Mustafa Z. Younis; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Hajo Zeeb; Yong Zhao; Yingfeng Zheng; Jun Zhu; Shankuan Zhu; Joseph R. Zunt; Gabriel Alcalá-Cerra; Howard Hu;handle: 2445/127624 , 11386/4651448 , 11588/733398 , 2434/336619 , 11370/99c4adbd-894f-4ac6-922b-8c039e490bac
pmc: PMC4379111 , PMC4340604
handle: 2445/127624 , 11386/4651448 , 11588/733398 , 2434/336619 , 11370/99c4adbd-894f-4ac6-922b-8c039e490bac
pmc: PMC4379111 , PMC4340604
Background Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across countries. Methods We estimated age-sex-specific all-cause mortality using the GBD 2010 methods with some refinements to improve accuracy applied to an updated database of vital registration, survey, and census data. We generally estimated cause of death as in the GBD 2010. Key improvements included the addition of more recent vital registration data for 72 countries, an updated verbal autopsy literature review, two new and detailed data systems for China, and more detail for Mexico, UK, Turkey, and Russia. We improved statistical models for garbage code redistribution. We used six different modelling strategies across the 240 causes; cause of death ensemble modelling (CODEm) was the dominant strategy for causes with sufficient information. Trends for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were informed by meta-regression of prevalence studies. For pathogen-specific causes of diarrhoea and lower respiratory infections we used a counterfactual approach. We computed two measures of convergence (inequality) across countries: the average relative difference across all pairs of countries (Gini coefficient) and the average absolute difference across countries. To summarise broad findings, we used multiple decrement life-tables to decompose probabilities of death from birth to exact age 15 years, from exact age 15 years to exact age 50 years, and from exact age 50 years to exact age 75 years, and life expectancy at birth into major causes. For all quantities reported, we computed 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We constrained cause-specific fractions within each age-sex-country-year group to sum to all-cause mortality based on draws from the uncertainty distributions. Findings Global life expectancy for both sexes increased from 65·3 years (UI 65·0–65·6) in 1990, to 71·5 years (UI 71·0–71·9) in 2013, while the number of deaths increased from 47·5 million (UI 46·8–48·2) to 54·9 million (UI 53·6–56·3) over the same interval. Global progress masked variation by age and sex: for children, average absolute differences between countries decreased but relative differences increased. For women aged 25–39 years and older than 75 years and for men aged 20–49 years and 65 years and older, both absolute and relative differences increased. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the prominent role of reductions in age-standardised death rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancers in high-income regions, and reductions in child deaths from diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and neonatal causes in low-income regions. HIV/AIDS reduced life expectancy in southern sub-Saharan Africa. For most communicable causes of death both numbers of deaths and age-standardised death rates fell whereas for most non-communicable causes, demographic shifts have increased numbers of deaths but decreased age-standardised death rates. Global deaths from injury increased by 10·7%, from 4·3 million deaths in 1990 to 4·8 million in 2013; but age-standardised rates declined over the same period by 21%. For some causes of more than 100 000 deaths per year in 2013, age-standardised death rates increased between 1990 and 2013, including HIV/AIDS, pancreatic cancer, atrial fibrillation and flutter, drug use disorders, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and sickle-cell anaemias. Diarrhoeal diseases, lower respiratory infections, neonatal causes, and malaria are still in the top five causes of death in children younger than 5 years. The most important pathogens are rotavirus for diarrhoea and pneumococcus for lower respiratory infections. Country-specific probabilities of death over three phases of life were substantially varied between and within regions. Interpretation For most countries, the general pattern of reductions in age-sex specific mortality has been associated with a progressive shift towards a larger share of the remaining deaths caused by non-communicable disease and injuries. Assessing epidemiological convergence across countries depends on whether an absolute or relative measure of inequality is used. Nevertheless, age-standardised death rates for seven substantial causes are increasing, suggesting the potential for reversals in some countries. Important gaps exist in the empirical data for cause of death estimates for some countries; for example, no national data for India are available for the past decade. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Background Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across countries. Methods We estimated age-sex-specific all-cause mortality using the GBD 2010 methods with some refinements to improve accuracy applied to an updated database of vital registration, survey, and census data. We generally estimated cause of death as in the GBD 2010. Key improvements included the addition of more recent vital registration data for 72 countries, an updated verbal autopsy literature review, two new and detailed data systems for China, and more detail for Mexico, UK, Turkey, and Russia. We improved statistical models for garbage code redistribution. We used six different modelling strategies across the 240 causes; cause of death ensemble modelling (CODEm) was the dominant strategy for causes with sufficient information. Trends for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were informed by meta-regression of prevalence studies. For pathogen-specific causes of diarrhoea and lower respiratory infections we used a counterfactual approach. We computed two measures of convergence (inequality) across countries: the average relative difference across all pairs of countries (Gini coefficient) and the average absolute difference across countries. To summarise broad findings, we used multiple decrement life-tables to decompose probabilities of death from birth to exact age 15 years, from exact age 15 years to exact age 50 years, and from exact age 50 years to exact age 75 years, and life expectancy at birth into major causes. For all quantities reported, we computed 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We constrained cause-specific fractions within each age-sex-country-year group to sum to all-cause mortality based on draws from the uncertainty distributions. Findings Global life expectancy for both sexes increased from 65·3 years (UI 65·0–65·6) in 1990, to 71·5 years (UI 71·0–71·9) in 2013, while the number of deaths increased from 47·5 million (UI 46·8–48·2) to 54·9 million (UI 53·6–56·3) over the same interval. Global progress masked variation by age and sex: for children, average absolute differences between countries decreased but relative differences increased. For women aged 25–39 years and older than 75 years and for men aged 20–49 years and 65 years and older, both absolute and relative differences increased. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the prominent role of reductions in age-standardised death rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancers in high-income regions, and reductions in child deaths from diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and neonatal causes in low-income regions. HIV/AIDS reduced life expectancy in southern sub-Saharan Africa. For most communicable causes of death both numbers of deaths and age-standardised death rates fell whereas for most non-communicable causes, demographic shifts have increased numbers of deaths but decreased age-standardised death rates. Global deaths from injury increased by 10·7%, from 4·3 million deaths in 1990 to 4·8 million in 2013; but age-standardised rates declined over the same period by 21%. For some causes of more than 100 000 deaths per year in 2013, age-standardised death rates increased between 1990 and 2013, including HIV/AIDS, pancreatic cancer, atrial fibrillation and flutter, drug use disorders, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and sickle-cell anaemias. Diarrhoeal diseases, lower respiratory infections, neonatal causes, and malaria are still in the top five causes of death in children younger than 5 years. The most important pathogens are rotavirus for diarrhoea and pneumococcus for lower respiratory infections. Country-specific probabilities of death over three phases of life were substantially varied between and within regions. Interpretation For most countries, the general pattern of reductions in age-sex specific mortality has been associated with a progressive shift towards a larger share of the remaining deaths caused by non-communicable disease and injuries. Assessing epidemiological convergence across countries depends on whether an absolute or relative measure of inequality is used. Nevertheless, age-standardised death rates for seven substantial causes are increasing, suggesting the potential for reversals in some countries. Important gaps exist in the empirical data for cause of death estimates for some countries; for example, no national data for India are available for the past decade. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Archivio istituziona... arrow_drop_down Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim SistemiArticle . 2015Data sources: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim SistemiVBN; Aalborg University Research PortalArticle . 2015Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2014License: rioxx All Rights ReservedData sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2015Data sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAeScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2015Data sources: eScholarship - University of CaliforniaNARCIS; The LancetArticle . 2015PURE Aarhus UniversityArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedNature Reviews NephrologyArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoHyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . Article . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 6K citations 6,083 popularity Top 0.01% influence Top 0.01% impulse Top 0.01% Powered by BIP!visibility 52visibility views 52 download downloads 164 Powered bymore_vert Archivio istituziona... arrow_drop_down Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim SistemiArticle . 2015Data sources: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim SistemiVBN; Aalborg University Research PortalArticle . 2015Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2014License: rioxx All Rights ReservedData sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2015Data sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAeScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2015Data sources: eScholarship - University of CaliforniaNARCIS; The LancetArticle . 2015PURE Aarhus UniversityArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedNature Reviews NephrologyArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoHyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . Article . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015 Ireland, United Kingdom, SpainPublisher:Future Medicine Ltd Publicly fundedFunded by:SFI | Advancing Vibrational Spe...SFI| Advancing Vibrational Spectroscopy for Cellular and Sub Cellular AnalysisFurong, Tian; Martin Jd, Clift; Alan, Casey; Pablo, Del Pino; Beatriz, Pelaz; João, Conde; Hugh J, Byrne; Barbara, Rothen-Rutishauser; Giovani, Estrada; Jesús M, de la Fuente; Tobias, Stoeger;[Aim]: To investigate the influence of gold nanoparticle geometry on the biochemical response of Calu-3 epithelial cells. [Materials & methods]: Spherical, triangular and hexagonal gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were used. The GNP-cell interaction was assessed via atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The biochemical impact of GNPs was determined over 72 h at (0.0001-1 mg/ml). [Results]: At 1 mg/ml, hexagonal GNPs reduced Calu-3 viability below 60%, showed increased reactive oxygen species production and higher expression of proapoptotic markers. A cell mass burden of 1:2:12 as well as number of GNPs per cell (2:1:3) was observed for spherical:triangular:hexagonal GNPs. [Conclusion]: These findings do not suggest a direct shape-toxicity effect. However, do highlight the contribution of shape towards the GNP-cell interaction which impacts upon their intracellular number, mass and volume dose. This study was partially financed by the European Commission via ERA-NanoScience, project ‘NanoTruck’ awarded to JM de la Fuente and F Tian. F Tian and J Conde are currently Marie Curie Fellows. A Casey and HJ Byrne received fund from Science Foundation Ireland 11/PI/1108. JM de la Fuente was funded by MAT2011–26851-CO2–01 project of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and Fondo Social Europeo (FSE; Gobierno de Aragón), for partially financing this research. B Pelaz acknowledges to the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for her fellowship. MJD Clift and BR Rutishauser acknowledge the funding received from the European Respiratory Society (Fellowship LTRF-MC1572–2010 to MJDC), the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Adolphe Merkle Foundation. Peer Reviewed
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 34 citations 34 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 10visibility views 10 download downloads 11 Powered bymore_vert Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Conference object 2018 United Kingdom, ItalyPublisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Cafolla, D; Russo, M; Carbone Giuseppe;Cafolla, D; Russo, M; Carbone Giuseppe;handle: 20.500.11770/302337
This paper introduces CUBE, a cable-driven parallel robot for the assistance of patients in rehabilitation exercising for both upper and lower limb. The system is characterized by a lightweight foldable structure that is easy to set-up in different configurations. It can adapt to different exercises and to the available environment. Its cable-driven design makes it inherently safe in human/robot interactions also due to the extremely low inertia. The design is presented with its kinematic and dynamic analysis and validated through a first prototype.
Cronfa at Swansea Un... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio Istituzionale dell'Università della CalabriaPart of book or chapter of book . 2019Data sources: Archivio Istituzionale dell'Università della Calabriaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu9 citations 9 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Cronfa at Swansea Un... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio Istituzionale dell'Università della CalabriaPart of book or chapter of book . 2019Data sources: Archivio Istituzionale dell'Università della Calabriaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2015 Italy, France, Germany, Turkey, Netherlands, Australia, Italy, Italy, Italy, Italy, Denmark, United Kingdom, Italy, Denmark, United KingdomPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:UKRI | The impact and social eco..., WT | Epidemiological mapping o..., Jazz Pharmaceuticals +6 projectsUKRI| The impact and social ecology of bacterial zoonoses in northern Tanzania ,WT| Epidemiological mapping of podoconiosis in Ethiopia . ,Jazz Pharmaceuticals ,NHMRC| Assessing the population health impact of illicit drug use: prevalence, trajectories, and contributions to disease burden ,WT ,Allergan ,WT| Defining the population at risk and burden of disease of Plasmodium vivax malaria. ,WT| The health consequences of inherited red blood cell disorders in Kenya. ,SNSF| Morbidity and cost of helminth infections: fitting existing and investigating missing pieces of evidenceRyan M Barber; Brad Bell; Ian Bolliger; Fiona J Charlson; Adrian Davis; Louisa Degenhardt; Holly E. Erskine; Valery L. Feigin; Alize J. Ferrari; Christina Fitzmaurice; Caterina Guinovart; Juanita A. Haagsma; Hideki Higashi; Hmwe H Kyu; Evan Laurie; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Mohsen Naghavi; David Allen Roberts; Jeffrey D. Stanaway; Harvey Whiteford; Pengpeng Ye; Gunn Marit Aasvang; Cristiana Abbafati; Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren; Foad Abd-Allah; Semaw Ferede Abera; Victor Aboyans; Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham; Ibrahim Abubakar; Tania C Aburto; Tom Achoki; Ilana N. Ackerman; Zanfina Ademi; Arsène Kouablan Adou; Johan Ärnlöv; Sayed Saidul Alam; Zewdie Aderaw Alemu; Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho; François Alla; Peter J. Allen; Ubai Alsharif; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Omid Ameli; Heresh Amini; Benjamin O. Anderson; Palwasha Anwari; Henry Apfel; Al Artaman; Rana J. Asghar; Reza Assadi; Charles Atkinson; Maria Cecilia Bahit; Kalpana Balakrishnan; Shivanthi Balalla; Amitava Banerjee; Suzanne Barker-Collo; Simón Barquera; Lope H Barrero; Arindam Basu; Justin Beardsley; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Tolesa Bekele; Corina Benjet; Derrick A Bennett; Isabela M. Benseñor; Habib Benzian; Eduardo Bernabé; Tariku Jibat Beyene; Neeraj Bhala; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Boris Bikbov; Jed D. Blore; Fiona M. Blyth; Berrak Bora Basara; Guilherme Borges; Natan M. Bornstein; Soufiane Boufous; Michael Brainin; Michael Brauer; Carol Brayne; Hermann Brenner; Adam D M Briggs; Peter Brooks; J Brown; Traolach S. Brugha; Geoffrey Buckle; Ismael R. Campos-Nonato; Jonathan R. Carapetis; David Carpenter; Valeria Caso; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ferrán Catalá-López; Jung-Chen Chang; Wanqing Chen; Odgerel Chimed-Ochir; Rajiv Chowdhury; Hanne Christensen; Sumeet S. Chugh; Massimo Cirillo; Aaron Cohen; Valentina Colistro; Samantha M. Colquhoun; Alejandra G. Contreras; Leslie T. Cooper; Kimberly Cooperrider; Lucía Cuevas-Nasu; Rakhi Dandona; Paul I. Dargan; Gail Davey; Dragos Virgil Davitoiu; Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora; Diego De Leo; Borja del Pozo-Cruz; Robert P. Dellavalle; Kebede Deribe; Sarah Derrett; Don C. Des Jarlais; Eric L. Ding; Klara Dokova; E. R. Dorsey; Herbert C. Duber; Matthias Endres; Sergey Petrovich Ermakov; Alireza Esteghamati; Kara Estep; Saman Fahimi; Farshad Farzadfar; Derek F J Fay; Abraham D. Flaxman; Nataliya Foigt; Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé; Johanna M. Geleijnse; Bradford D. Gessner; Katherine B Gibney; Richard F. Gillum; Giorgia Giussani; Shifalika Goenka; Richard A. Gosselin; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N. Gouda; David Gunnell; Rashmi Gupta; Reyna A Gutiérrez; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Mouhanad Hammami; Graeme J. Hankey; Hilda L Harb; Roderick J. Hay; Simon I. Hay; Mohammad Taghi Hedayati; Pouria Heydarpour; Hans W. Hoek; Mazeda Hossain; Peter J. 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Lucas; Raimundas Lunevicius; Ronan A Lyons; Stefan Ma; Mark T Mackay; Marek Majdan; Lyn March; Guy B. Marks; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Amanda J. Mason-Jones; Richard Matzopoulos; Neil McGill; Martin McKee; Abby McLain; Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez; Wubegzier Mekonnen; Yohannes Adama Melaku; Atte Meretoja; Francis Apolinary Mhimbira; Ted R. Miller; Philip B. Mitchell; Terrie E. Moffitt; Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim; Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad; Lorenzo Monasta; Marcella Montico; Ami R. Moore; Andrew E. Moran; Lidia Morawska; Rintaro Mori; Wilkister N. Moturi; Dariush Mozaffarian; Mitsuru Mukaigawara; Michele E. Murdoch; Joseph Murray; Kinnari S. Murthy; Paria Naghavi; Ziad Nahas; Aliya Naheed; Kovin Naidoo; Luigi Naldi; Devina Nand; K.M. Venkat Narayan; Denis Nash; Chakib Nejjari; Sudan Prasad Neupane; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Sandra Nolte; Ole Frithjof Norheim; Luke Nyakarahuka; Takayoshi Ohkubo; John Nelson Opio; Alberto Ortiz; Jeyaraj D Pandian; Christina Papachristou; Charles D. H. Parry; Scott B. Patten; Vinod K. Paul; Boris I. Pavlin; Lilia S Pedraza; Carlos A. Pellegrini; Fernando Perez-Ruiz; Norberto Perico; Konrad Pesudovs; Michael R. Phillips; Frédéric B. Piel; Dietrich Plass; Dan Poenaru; Guilherme V. Polanczyk; Farshad Pourmalek; Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Dima M. Qato; Kazem Rahimi; Sajjad Ur Rahman; Ivo Rakovac; Saleem M Rana; Homie Razavi; Amany H Refaat; Giuseppe Remuzzi; Serge Resnikoff; Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro; Patricia M. Riccio; Jan Hendrik Richardus; Anna Roca; Alina Rodriguez; Nobhojit Roy; George Mugambage Ruhago; Ralph L. Sacco; Sukanta Saha; Ramesh Sahathevan; Lidia Sanchez-Riera; Itamar S. Santos; Maheswar Satpathy; Mete Saylan; Peter Scarborough; Soraya Seedat; Edson Serván-Mori; Amira Shaheen; Saeid Shahraz; Kenji Shibuya; Yukito Shinohara; Ivy Shiue; Shireen Sindi; Jasvinder A. Singh; Vegard Skirbekk; Karen Sliwa; Sergey Soshnikov; Luciano A. Sposato; Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy; Heidi Stoeckl; Murray B. Stein; A W Stewart; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Bruno F. Sunguya; Mamta Swaroop; Karen M. Tabb; Ken Takahashi; Mohammad Tavakkoli; Hugh R. Taylor; Braden Te Ao; Eric Y. Tenkorang; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Alice Theadom; Amanda G. Thrift; Imad M. Tleyjeh; Marcello Tonelli; Fotis Topouzis; Hideaki Toyoshima; Jefferson Traebert; Bach Xuan Tran; Leonardo Trasande; Matias Trillini; Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris; Emin Murat Tuzcu; Kingsley N. Ukwaja; Coen H. Van Gool; Lennert J. Veerman; Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian; Salvador Villalpando; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Stephen G. Waller; Tati S. Warouw; Scott Weichenthal; Elisabete Weiderpass; James D. Wilkinson; Hywel C Williams; Thomas N. Williams; Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes; Haidong Wong; Anthony D. Woolf; Jonathan L. Wright; Gelin Xu; Gonghuan Yang; Seok Jun Yoon; Mustafa Z. Younis; Chuanhua Yu; Zheng Zhao; David Zonies; Joshua A. Salomon; Christopher J L Murray;pmc: PMC4561509
Summary Background Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. Methods Estimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally and at the country level for 2013. In total, 35 620 distinct sources of data were used and documented to calculated estimates for 301 diseases and injuries and 2337 sequelae. The comorbidity simulation provides estimates for the number of sequelae, concurrently, by individuals by country, year, age, and sex. Disability weights were updated with the addition of new population-based survey data from four countries. Findings Disease and injury were highly prevalent; only a small fraction of individuals had no sequelae. Comorbidity rose substantially with age and in absolute terms from 1990 to 2013. Incidence of acute sequelae were predominantly infectious diseases and short-term injuries, with over 2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections and diarrhoeal disease episodes in 2013, with the notable exception of tooth pain due to permanent caries with more than 200 million incident cases in 2013. Conversely, leading chronic sequelae were largely attributable to non-communicable diseases, with prevalence estimates for asymptomatic permanent caries and tension-type headache of 2·4 billion and 1·6 billion, respectively. The distribution of the number of sequelae in populations varied widely across regions, with an expected relation between age and disease prevalence. YLDs for both sexes increased from 537·6 million in 1990 to 764·8 million in 2013 due to population growth and ageing, whereas the age-standardised rate decreased little from 114·87 per 1000 people to 110·31 per 1000 people between 1990 and 2013. Leading causes of YLDs included low back pain and major depressive disorder among the top ten causes of YLDs in every country. YLD rates per person, by major cause groups, indicated the main drivers of increases were due to musculoskeletal, mental, and substance use disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases; however HIV/AIDS was a notable driver of increasing YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Also, the proportion of disability-adjusted life years due to YLDs increased globally from 21·1% in 1990 to 31·2% in 2013. Interpretation Ageing of the world's population is leading to a substantial increase in the numbers of individuals with sequelae of diseases and injuries. Rates of YLDs are declining much more slowly than mortality rates. The non-fatal dimensions of disease and injury will require more and more attention from health systems. The transition to non-fatal outcomes as the dominant source of burden of disease is occurring rapidly outside of sub-Saharan Africa. Our results can guide future health initiatives through examination of epidemiological trends and a better understanding of variation across countries. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Background Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. Methods Estimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally and at the country level for 2013. In total, 35 620 distinct sources of data were used and documented to calculated estimates for 301 diseases and injuries and 2337 sequelae. The comorbidity simulation provides estimates for the number of sequelae, concurrently, by individuals by country, year, age, and sex. Disability weights were updated with the addition of new population-based survey data from four countries. Findings Disease and injury were highly prevalent; only a small fraction of individuals had no sequelae. Comorbidity rose substantially with age and in absolute terms from 1990 to 2013. Incidence of acute sequelae were predominantly infectious diseases and short-term injuries, with over 2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections and diarrhoeal disease episodes in 2013, with the notable exception of tooth pain due to permanent caries with more than 200 million incident cases in 2013. Conversely, leading chronic sequelae were largely attributable to non-communicable diseases, with prevalence estimates for asymptomatic permanent caries and tension-type headache of 2·4 billion and 1·6 billion, respectively. The distribution of the number of sequelae in populations varied widely across regions, with an expected relation between age and disease prevalence. YLDs for both sexes increased from 537·6 million in 1990 to 764·8 million in 2013 due to population growth and ageing, whereas the age-standardised rate decreased little from 114·87 per 1000 people to 110·31 per 1000 people between 1990 and 2013. Leading causes of YLDs included low back pain and major depressive disorder among the top ten causes of YLDs in every country. YLD rates per person, by major cause groups, indicated the main drivers of increases were due to musculoskeletal, mental, and substance use disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases; however HIV/AIDS was a notable driver of increasing YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Also, the proportion of disability-adjusted life years due to YLDs increased globally from 21·1% in 1990 to 31·2% in 2013. Interpretation Ageing of the world's population is leading to a substantial increase in the numbers of individuals with sequelae of diseases and injuries. Rates of YLDs are declining much more slowly than mortality rates. The non-fatal dimensions of disease and injury will require more and more attention from health systems. The transition to non-fatal outcomes as the dominant source of burden of disease is occurring rapidly outside of sub-Saharan Africa. Our results can guide future health initiatives through examination of epidemiological trends and a better understanding of variation across countries. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Flore (Florence Rese... arrow_drop_down Flore (Florence Research Repository)Article . 2015Data sources: Flore (Florence Research Repository)Publications at Bielefeld University; Research@WUR; The LancetOther literature type . Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMFlore (Florence Research Repository)Article . 2015Data sources: Flore (Florence Research Repository)Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza; Aalborg University Research Portal; Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno; Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca dell'Università degli Studi di Milano; The Lancet; Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico IIArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of Groningen Research Portal; Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza; Aalborg University Research Portal; Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno; Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca dell'Università degli Studi di Milano; SNSF P3 Database; Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico IIArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoVBN; Aalborg University Research PortalArticle . 2015Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . Article . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 5K citations 4,805 popularity Top 0.01% influence Top 0.01% impulse Top 0.01% Powered by BIP!visibility 55visibility views 55 download downloads 1,498 Powered bymore_vert Flore (Florence Rese... arrow_drop_down Flore (Florence Research Repository)Article . 2015Data sources: Flore (Florence Research Repository)Publications at Bielefeld University; Research@WUR; The LancetOther literature type . Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMFlore (Florence Research Repository)Article . 2015Data sources: Flore (Florence Research Repository)Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza; Aalborg University Research Portal; Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno; Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca dell'Università degli Studi di Milano; The Lancet; Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico IIArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of Groningen Research Portal; Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza; Aalborg University Research Portal; Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno; Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca dell'Università degli Studi di Milano; SNSF P3 Database; Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico IIArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoVBN; Aalborg University Research PortalArticle . 2015Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . Article . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2010 United Kingdom, Netherlands, IrelandPublisher:Informa UK Limited Publicly fundedFunded by:EC | NANOIMPACTNETEC| NANOIMPACTNETBouwmeester, H.; Lynch, I.; Marvin, H.J.P.; Dawson, K.A.; Berges, M.; Braguer, D.; Byrne, H.J.; Casey, A.; Chambers, G.; Clift, M.J.D.; Elia, G.; Fernandes, T.F.; fjellsbo, L.B.; Hatto, P.; Juillerat, L.; Klein, C.; Kreyling, W.G.; Nickel, C.; Riediker, M.; Stone, V.;pmid: 21417684
Background: This paper presents the outcomes from a workshop of the European Network on the Health and Environmental Impact of Nanomaterials (NanoImpactNet) held in June 2008. During this workshop 45 experts in the field of safety assessment of engineered nanomaterials from academia, non-profit organizations and industry addressed a list of essential metrics of engineered nanomaterials that need to be characterized as a minimum. Results: The group discussed the need to systematically study sets of engineered nanomaterials to generate a dataset that allows for the establishment of dose-response data related to specific metrics of engineered nanomaterials. Concomitantly the availability of analytical methods to determine the physicochemical characteristics was discussed. Given the measurement challenges specific for engineered nanomaterials the issue of harmonizing protocols was raised. Conclusion: The group concluded that international cooperation and worldwide standardization of terminology, reference materials and protocols are needed to make progress in establishing lists of essential metrics. The need for high quality data necessitates the development of harmonized study approaches and adequate reporting of data. Priority metrics can only be based on well-characterized dose-response relations (as regards biological interactions and physiochemical characteristics) of engineered nanomaterials. This requires the systematic study of the biokinetics and biointeractions of nanomaterials at both organism and (sub)cellular levels. Additionally, much effort needs to be put into the standardization and validation of analytical methods to determine these metrics. Especially for the characterization of engineered nanomaterials in a complex matrix much work needs to be done.
Arrow@TU Dublin arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 153 citations 153 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!more_vert Arrow@TU Dublin arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2018 Italy, United KingdomPublisher:IEEE Lazar V. A.; Pisla D.; Vaida C.; Cafolla D.; Ceccarelli M.; Carbone Giuseppe; León J. F. R.;handle: 11580/70251 , 20.500.11770/302585
This paper addresses an experimental characterization of a human arm motions aiming at the identification of proper motion ranges and trajectories for arm training exercises. The arm motion is analyzed by postprocessing visual tracking experiences of an arm during flexion-extension motions. Assisted human arm exercises are achieved by means of a cable driven robotic device, LAWEX, which has been designed and built at LARM. Experimental tests are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained assisted human arm exercises.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu5 citations 5 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013 United Kingdom, CyprusPublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Jothi, Sathiskumar; Georgiades, Tasos; Hadjiloizi, Demetra; Kalamkarov, A. L.;Jothi, Sathiskumar; Georgiades, Tasos; Hadjiloizi, Demetra; Kalamkarov, A. L.;Abstract The comprehensive micromechanical models for the analysis of piezo-magneto-thermo-elastic smart composite structures with orthotropic constituents are developed. The asymptotic homogenization models are derived, the governing equations are determined. Subsequently general relations called unit cell problems are derived. They can be used to determine the effective elastic, piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, thermal expansion, dielectric, magnetic permeability, magnetoelectric, pyroelectric and pyromagnetic coefficients. The latter three sets of coefficients are particularly interesting in the sense that they represent product or cross-properties; they are generated in the macroscopic composite via the interaction of the different phases, but may be absent from some of the constituents themselves. The derived relations pertaining to the unit-cell problems and the resultant effective coefficients are very general and they are valid for any 3D geometry of the unit cell. In Part II of this work the results of the asymptotic homogenization models for practically important smart composite structures are obtained and presented graphically.
Ktisis arrow_drop_down European Journal of Mechanics - A/SolidsArticle . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu40 citations 40 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Ktisis arrow_drop_down European Journal of Mechanics - A/SolidsArticle . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Conference object 2018 Italy, United KingdomPublisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Lazăr, V A; Cafolla, D; Pisla, D; Carbone Giuseppe;Lazăr, V A; Cafolla, D; Pisla, D; Carbone Giuseppe;handle: 20.500.11770/302349
Movement performance in patients with neurological or orthopaedic traumas can be improved with Task-oriented repetitive movement. The application of robotics can assist, enhance, evaluate, and document neurological and orthopaedic rehabilitation of movements. A key point is the mechanical interface between the device and the user, it has to be adaptable to every patient with different anthropomorphic sizes. Furthermore, the mechanical interface must permit the needed movement for rehabilitation while avoiding dangerous ones. This paper presents design of a mechanical interface for a cable-driven rehabilitation device in terms of conceptual design and stress simulation. The interface is then tested during some rehabilitation exercises to test its usefulness.
Cronfa at Swansea Un... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio Istituzionale dell'Università della CalabriaPart of book or chapter of book . 2019Data sources: Archivio Istituzionale dell'Università della Calabriaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu3 citations 3 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Cronfa at Swansea Un... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio Istituzionale dell'Università della CalabriaPart of book or chapter of book . 2019Data sources: Archivio Istituzionale dell'Università della Calabriaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2014 United Kingdom, Netherlands, Denmark, United Kingdom, Italy, Italy, Italy, GermanyPublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Nicholas J Kassebaum; Amelia Bertozzi-Villa; Megan Coggeshall; Katya Anne Shackelford; +253 AuthorsNicholas J Kassebaum; Amelia Bertozzi-Villa; Megan Coggeshall; Katya Anne Shackelford; Caitlyn Steiner; Kyle R. Heuton; Diego Gonzalez-Medina; Chantal Huynh; Daniel Dicker; Tara Templin; Timothy M. Wolock; Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren; Foad Abd-Allah; Semaw Ferede Abera; Ibrahim Abubakar; Tom Achoki; Zanfina Ademi; Arsène Kouablan Adou; Jose C. Adsuar; Dickens Akena; Deena Alasfoor; Samia Alhabib; Raghib Ali; Mazin J. Al Kahbouri; François Alla; Ubai Alsharif; Elena Alvarez; Adansi A. Amankwaa; Azmeraw T. Amare; Hassan Amini; Walid Ammar; Carl Abelardo T. Antonio; Palwasha Anwari; Johan Ärnlöv; Valentina Arsić Arsenijević; A Artaman; Rana J. Asghar; Reza Assadi; Lydia S. Atkins; Kalpana Balakrishnan; Arindam Basu; Justin Beardsley; Neeraj Bedi; Michelle L. Bell; Eduardo Bernabé; Tariku Jibat Beyene; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Aref A. Bin Abdulhak; Berrak Bora Basara; Dipan Bose; Nicholas J K Breitborde; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ruben Castro; Ferrán Catalá-López; Alanur Çavlin; Jung-Chen Chang; Xuan Che; Costas A. Christophi; Sumeet S. Chugh; Massimo Cirillo; Samantha M. Colquhoun; Leslie T. Cooper; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Adrian Davis; Louisa Degenhardt; Diego De Leo; Borja del Pozo-Cruz; Kebede Deribe; Gabrielle deVeber; Samath D Dharmaratne; Eric L. Ding; Rob E. Dorrington; Tim Driscoll; Sergei Petrovich Ermakov; Alireza Esteghamati; Emerito Jose A. Faraon; Farshad Farzadfar; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima; Mohammad H. Forouzanfar; Elisabeth Barboza França; Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé; Ana C. Garcia; Johanna M. Geleijnse; Katherine B Gibney; Maurice Giroud; Elizabeth Glaser; Ketevan Goginashvili; Philimon Gona; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N. Gouda; Harish Chander Gugnani; Randah R. Hamadeh; Graeme J. Hankey; Simon I. Hay; Ileana B. Heredia Pi; Hans W. Hoek; H. Dean Hosgood; Abdullatif Husseini; Bulat Idrisov; Kaire Innos; Kathryn H. Jacobsen; Sun Ha Jee; Vivekanand Jha; Guohong Jiang; Knud Juel; Edmond K. Kabagambe; Haidong Kan; André Karch; Corine Karema; Anil Kaul; Norito Kawakami; Dhruv S. Kazi; Andrew H. Kemp; Andre Pascal Kengne; Yousef Khader; Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Young-Ho Khang; Luke D. Knibbs; Soewarta Kosen; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Chanda Kulkarni; Veena S. Kulkarni; Gene F. Kwan; Ratilal Lalloo; Van C. Lansingh; Anders Larsson; Jongmin Lee; Mall Leinsalu; Ricky Leung; Yichong Li; Yongmei Li; Juan Liang; Xiaofeng Liang; Stephen S Lim; Hsien-Ho Lin; Steven E. Lipshultz; Shiwei Liu; Yang Liu; Belinda K Lloyd; Stephanie J. London; Paulo A. Lotufo; Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado; Marek Majdan; Christopher C. Mapoma; Wagner Marcenes; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Amanda J. Mason-Jones; Man Mohan Mehndiratta; Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez; Ziad A. Memish; Walter Mendoza; Ted R. Miller; Edward J Mills; Glen Mola; Lorenzo Monasta; Jonathan de la Cruz Monis; Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Rintaro Mori; Mitsuru Mukaigawara; Aliya Naheed; Kovin Naidoo; Vinay Nangia; Denis Nash; Chakib Nejjari; Sudan Prasad Neupane; Charles R. Newton; Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Sandra Nolte; Ole Frithjof Norheim; Luke Nyakarahuka; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Bolajoko O. Olusanya; Saad B. Omer; John Nelson Opio; Orish Ebere Orisakwe; Jeyaraj D Pandian; Christina Papachristou; Jae-Hyun Park; Scott B. Patten; Neil Pearce; David M. Pereira; Konrad Pesudovs; Dan Poenaru; Guilherme V. Polanczyk; Suzanne Polinder; Farshad Pourmalek; Dima M. Qato; Kazem Rahimi; Sajjad Ur Rahman; Saleem M Rana; Amany H Refaat; Luca Ronfani; Nobhojit Roy; Tania Georgina Sánchez Pimienta; Joshua A. Salomon; Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson; Itamar S. Santos; Austin E Schumacher; Soraya Seedat; Edson Serván-Mori; Sara Sheikhbahaei; Kenji Shibuya; Hwashin Hyun Shin; Ivy Shiue; Donald H. Silberberg; Jasvinder A. Singh; Sergey Soshnikov; Luciano A. Sposato; Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Lela Sturua; Karen M. Tabb; Roberto Tchio Talongwa; Carolina Maria Teixeira; Eric Y. Tenkorang; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; David L. Tirschwell; Jeffrey A. Towbin; Bach Xuan Tran; Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris; Uche S. Uchendu; Kingsley N. Ukwaja; Eduardo A. Undurraga; Andrew Vallely; Coen H. Van Gool; Tommi Vasankari; Monica S. Vavilala; Salvador Villalpando; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Haidong Wang; Xiao Rong Wang; Yanping Wang; Scott Weichenthal; Elisabete Weiderpass; Robert G. Weintraub; James D. Wilkinson; Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes; Gelin Xu; Yang Yang; Yuichiro Yano; Gokalp Kadri Yentur; Seok Jun Yoon; Mustafa Z. Younis; Kim Yun Jin; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Yong Zhao; Maigeng Zhou; Jun Zhu; Xiao Nong Zou; Mohsen Naghavi; Christopher J L Murray; Rafael Lozano;pmc: PMC4255481
BACKGROUND: The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR; number of maternal deaths per 100,000 livebirths) between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to measure levels and track trends in maternal mortality, the key causes contributing to maternal death, and timing of maternal death with respect to delivery.METHODS: We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to analyse a database of data for 7065 site-years and estimate the number of maternal deaths from all causes in 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. We estimated the number of pregnancy-related deaths caused by HIV on the basis of a systematic review of the relative risk of dying during pregnancy for HIV-positive women compared with HIV-negative women. We also estimated the fraction of these deaths aggravated by pregnancy on the basis of a systematic review. To estimate the numbers of maternal deaths due to nine different causes, we identified 61 sources from a systematic review and 943 site-years of vital registration data. We also did a systematic review of reports about the timing of maternal death, identifying 142 sources to use in our analysis. We developed estimates for each country for 1990-2013 using Bayesian meta-regression. We estimated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for all values.FINDINGS: 292,982 (95% UI 261,017-327,792) maternal deaths occurred in 2013, compared with 376,034 (343,483-407,574) in 1990. The global annual rate of change in the MMR was -0·3% (-1·1 to 0·6) from 1990 to 2003, and -2·7% (-3·9 to -1·5) from 2003 to 2013, with evidence of continued acceleration. MMRs reduced consistently in south, east, and southeast Asia between 1990 and 2013, but maternal deaths increased in much of sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. 2070 (1290-2866) maternal deaths were related to HIV in 2013, 0·4% (0·2-0·6) of the global total. MMR was highest in the oldest age groups in both 1990 and 2013. In 2013, most deaths occurred intrapartum or postpartum. Causes varied by region and between 1990 and 2013. We recorded substantial variation in the MMR by country in 2013, from 956·8 (685·1-1262·8) in South Sudan to 2·4 (1·6-3·6) in Iceland.INTERPRETATION: Global rates of change suggest that only 16 countries will achieve the MDG 5 target by 2015. Accelerated reductions since the Millennium Declaration in 2000 coincide with increased development assistance for maternal, newborn, and child health. Setting of targets and associated interventions for after 2015 will need careful consideration of regions that are making slow progress, such as west and central Africa.FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
The Lancet arrow_drop_down Oxford University Research ArchiveOther literature type . 2016Data sources: Oxford University Research ArchiveOxford University Research ArchiveOther literature type . 2016Data sources: Oxford University Research ArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung RepositoryArticle . 2014License: CC BY NC SAData sources: Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung RepositoryUniversity of Southern Denmark Research Output; The LancetArticle . 2014Data sources: University of Southern Denmark Research OutputNARCIS; The LancetArticle . 2014Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2014Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2014Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salernoadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 1K citations 1,248 popularity Top 0.1% influence Top 0.1% impulse Top 0.01% Powered by BIP!visibility 6visibility views 6 Powered bymore_vert The Lancet arrow_drop_down Oxford University Research ArchiveOther literature type . 2016Data sources: Oxford University Research ArchiveOxford University Research ArchiveOther literature type . 2016Data sources: Oxford University Research ArchiveHelmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung RepositoryArticle . 2014License: CC BY NC SAData sources: Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung RepositoryUniversity of Southern Denmark Research Output; The LancetArticle . 2014Data sources: University of Southern Denmark Research OutputNARCIS; The LancetArticle . 2014Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2014Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2014Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salernoadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2019 United Kingdom, Ireland, ItalyPublisher:MDPI AG Publicly fundedAuthors: Heffernan S. M.; Horner K.; De Vito G.; Conway G. E.;Heffernan S. M.; Horner K.; De Vito G.; Conway G. E.;Minerals and trace elements (MTEs) are micronutrients involved in hundreds of biological processes. Deficiency in MTEs can negatively affect athletic performance. Approximately 50% of athletes have reported consuming some form of micronutrient supplement; however, there is limited data confirming their efficacy for improving performance. The aim of this study was to systematically review the role of MTEs in exercise and athletic performance. Six electronic databases and grey literature sources (MEDLINE; EMBASE; CINAHL and SportDISCUS; Web of Science and clinicaltrials.gov) were searched, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results: 17,433 articles were identified and 130 experiments from 128 studies were included. Retrieved articles included Iron (n = 29), Calcium (n = 11), Magnesium, (n = 22), Phosphate (n = 17), Zinc (n = 9), Sodium (n = 15), Boron (n = 4), Selenium (n = 5), Chromium (n = 12) and multi-mineral articles (n = 5). No relevant articles were identified for Copper, Manganese, Iodine, Nickel, Fluoride or Cobalt. Only Iron and Magnesium included articles of sufficient quality to be assigned as ‘strong’. Currently, there is little evidence to support the use of MTE supplementation to improve physiological markers of athletic performance, with the possible exception of Iron (in particular, biological situations) and Magnesium as these currently have the strongest quality evidence. Regardless, some MTEs may possess the potential to improve athletic performance, but more high quality research is required before support for these MTEs can be given. PROSPERO preregistered (CRD42018090502).
Archivio istituziona... arrow_drop_down Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova; NutrientsArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYEurope PubMed CentralArticle . 2019Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6471179Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 67 citations 67 popularity Top 1% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!more_vert Archivio istituziona... arrow_drop_down Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova; NutrientsArticle . 2019 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BYEurope PubMed CentralArticle . 2019Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6471179Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2015 Italy, United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands, Turkey, Italy, Italy, France, Denmark, Turkey, United States, Denmark, United Kingdom, ItalyPublisher:Elsevier BV Publicly fundedFunded by:NHMRC | Modifiable risk factors f..., SNSF | Morbidity and cost of hel..., UKRI | MICA: Centre for the Impr... +2 projectsNHMRC| Modifiable risk factors for Serious Mental Illness - an integrated program of epidemiology, genetics and clinical trials ,SNSF| Morbidity and cost of helminth infections: fitting existing and investigating missing pieces of evidence ,UKRI| MICA: Centre for the Improvement of Population Health through E-health Research (CIPHER) ,SNSF| Morbidity and cost of helminth infections: learning from the past to prepare for the future ,NIH| Pediatric Injury Research Training ProgramAdrian Davis; Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren; Foad Abd-Allah; Victor Aboyans; Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham; Katrina Abuabara; Ibrahim Abubakar; Tom Achoki; Zanfina Ademi; Johan Ärnlöv; Miguel Angel Alegretti; Alicia Aleman; Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho; Samia Alhabib; Raghib Ali; François Alla; Peter Allebeck; Rustam Al-Shahi Salman; Ubai Alsharif; Adansi A. Amankwaa; Azmeraw T. Amare; Omid Ameli; Hassan Amini; Walid Ammar; Benjamin O. Anderson; Carl Abelardo T. Antonio; Henry Apfel; Solveig A. Cunningham; Valentina Arsić Arsenijević; Al Artaman; Lydia S. Atkins; Charles Atkinson; Kalpana Balakrishnan; Shivanthi Balalla; Amitava Banerjee; Lope H Barrero; Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez; Sanjay Basu; Mohammed Basulaiman; Justin Beardsley; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Michelle L. Bell; Corina Benjet; Derrick A Bennett; Habib Benzian; Tariku Jibat Beyene; Neeraj Bhala; Boris Bikbov; Fiona M. Blyth; Megan Bohensky; Guilherme Borges; Soufiane Boufous; Michael Brainin; Carol Brayne; Alexandra Brazinova; Hermann Brenner; Adam D M Briggs; Traolach S. Brugha; Geoffrey Buckle; Gene Bukhman; Ismael Ricardo Campos Nonato; Rosario Cárdenas; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ruben Castro; Ferrán Catalá-López; Fiorella Cavalleri; Jung-Chen Chang; Fiona C. Charlson; Xuan Che; Honglei Chen; Odgerel Chimed-Ochir; Rajiv Chowdhury; Hanne Christensen; Massimo Cirillo; Matthew M Coates; Luc E. Coffeng; Aaron Cohen; Valentina Colistro; Samantha M. Colquhoun; Leslie T. Cooper; Luis M. Coppola; Karen J. Courville; Benjamin C Cowie; Michael H. Criqui; Rakhi Dandona; Paul I. Dargan; Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora; Diego De Leo; Louisa Degenhardt; Borja del Pozo-Cruz; Kebede Deribe; Muluken Dessalegn; Gabrielle de Veber; Mukesh Dherani; José Luis Díaz-Ortega; Cesar Diaz-Torne; Daniel Dicker; Eric L. Ding; Klara Dokova; E. Ray Dorsey; Herbert C. Duber; Richard G. Ellenbogen; Yousef M. Elshrek; Sergey Petrovich Ermakov; Alireza Esteghamati; Thomas Fürst; Saman Fahimi; Emerito Jose A. Faraon; Farshad Farzadfar; Valery L. Feigin; Alize J. Ferrari; Thomas D. Fleming; Nataliya Foigt; Mohammad H. Forouzanfar; Urbano Fra Paleo; Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé; Johanna M. Geleijnse; Katherine B Gibney; Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi; Elizabeth Glaser; Shifalika Goenka; Philimon Gona; Caterina Guinovart; Rashmi Gupta; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N. Gouda; David Gunnell; Holly Hagan; Maria Hagströmer; Randah R. Hamadeh; Mouhanad Hammami; Graeme J. Hankey; Josep Maria Haro; Rasmus Havmoeller; Simon I. Hay; Mohammad Taghi Hedayati; Pouria Heydarpour; Hideki Higashi; Hans W. Hoek; H. Dean Hosgood; Mazeda Hossain; Peter J. Hotez; Damian G Hoy; Guoqing Hu; Mark D. Huffman; Abdullatif Husseini; Marissa Iannarone; Bulat Idrisov; Nayu Ikeda; Kaire Innos; Farhad Islami; Kathryn H. Jacobsen; Sudha Jayaraman; Vivekanand Jha; Ying Jiang; Jost B. Jonas; Knud Juel; Edmond K. Kabagambe; André Karch; Ganesan Karthikeyan; Nicholas J Kassebaum; Andre Pascal Kengne; Yousef Khader; Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Gulfaraz Khan; Young-Ho Khang; Christian Kieling; Yohannes Kinfu; Daniel Kim; Miia Kivipelto; Luke D. Knibbs; Ann Kristin Knudsen; Sowarta Kosen; Meera Kotagal; Michael Kravchenko; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Ernst J. Kuipers; Burcu Kucuk Bicer; Kaushalendra Kumar; Ravi Kumar; Hmwe H Kyu; Ratilal Lalloo; Tea Lallukka; Hilton Lam; Qing Lan; Van C. Lansingh; Heidi J. Larson; Pablo M. Lavados; Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz; Janet L Leasher; James Leigh; Mall Leinsalu; Ricky Leung; Carly E Levitz; Bin Li; Shiwei Liu; Yang Liu; Belinda K Lloyd; Giancarlo Logroscino; Stephanie J. London; Joannie Lortet-Tieulent; Paulo A. Lotufo; Robyn M. Lucas; Raimundas Lunevicius; Ronan A Lyons; Michael F. MacIntyre; Mark T Mackay; Jennifer H MacLachlan; Carlos Magis-Rodriguez; Abbas Ali Mahdi; Marek Majdan; Reza Malekzadeh; Christopher C. Mapoma; Wagner Marcenes; Christopher Margono; Guy B. Marks; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Mohammad T Mashal; Felix Masiye; Amanda J. Mason-Jones; Richard Matzopolous; Bongani M. Mayosi; John J. McGrath; Abigail C. McKay; Martin McKee; Man Mohan Mehndiratta; Yohannes Adama Melaku; Atte Meretoja; Francis Apolinary Mhimbira; Ted R. Miller; Edward J Mills; Terrie E. Moffitt; Lorenzo Monasta; Jonathan de la Cruz Monis; Marcella Montico; Thomas J. Montine; Ami R. Moore; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Andrew E. Moran; Rintaro Mori; Wilkister N. Moturi; Mitsuru Mukaigawara; Joseph Murray; Adetoun Mustapha; Paria Naghavi; Aliya Naheed; Luigi Naldi; Devina Nand; K.M. Venkat Narayan; Denis Nash; Jamal Nasher; Chakib Nejjari; Sudan Prasad Neupane; Grant Nguyen; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Sandra Nolte; Ole Frithjof Norheim; Rosana E. Norman; Bo Norrving; Luke Nyakarahuka; Shaun Odell; Martin O'Donnell; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Bolajoko O. Olusanya; Orish Ebere Orisakwe; Alberto Ortiz; Jeyaraj D Pandian; Jeemon Panniyammakal; Scott B. Patten; George C Patton; Vinod K. Paul; Boris I. Pavlin; Neil Pearce; Fernando Perez-Ruiz; Norberto Perico; Konrad Pesudovs; Carrie Beth Peterson; David Phillips; Frédéric B. Piel; Richie Poulton; Farshad Pourmalek; Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Dima M. Qato; Felicia A. Rabito; Anwar Rafay; Kazem Rahimi; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar; Ivo Rakovac; Saleem M Rana; Amany H Refaat; Giuseppe Remuzzi; Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro; Patricia M. Riccio; Jan Hendrik Richardus; Bayard Roberts; D. Allen Roberts; Margaret Robinson; Anna Roca; Alina Rodriguez; Dietrich Rothenbacher; Nobhojit Roy; George Mugambage Ruhago; Lesley Rushton; Sankar Sambandam; Kjetil Søreide; Mohammad Yahya Saeedi; Sukanta Saha; Ramesh Sahathevan; Berhe W. Sahle; Joshua A. Salomon; Deborah Salvo; Itamar S. Santos; Maheswar Satpathy; Mete Saylan; Ben Schöttker; Jürgen C Schmidt; Austin E Schumacher; David C. Schwebel; James Scott; Sadaf G. Sepanlou; Edson Serván-Mori; Jun She; Donald S. Shepard; Kenji Shibuya; Kawkab Shishani; Ivy Shiue; Rupak Shivakoti; Shireen Sindi; Jasvinder A. Singh; Edgar Sioson; Karen Sliwa; Michael Soljak; Sergey Soshnikov; Luciano A. Sposato; Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy; Jeffrey D. Stanaway; Kyle Steenland; Antony Stevens; Heidi Stöckl; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Bruno F. Sunguya; Soumya Swaminathan; Mamta Swaroop; Ken Takahashi; Feng Tan; David Tanne; Mohammad Tavakkoli; Braden Te Ao; Eric Y. Tenkorang; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Amanda G. Thrift; Taavi Tillmann; Imad M. Tleyjeh; Marcello Tonelli; Fotis Topouzis; Hideaki Toyoshima; Jefferson Traebert; Bach Xuan Tran; Matias Trillini; Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris; E. Murat Tuzcu; Kingsley N. Ukwaja; Eduardo A. Undurraga; Andrew Vallely; Coen H. Van Gool; Tommi Vasankari; Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos; Lakshmi Vijayakumar; Salvador Villalpando; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Gregory R. Wagner; Xiao Rong Wang; Tati S. Warouw; Elisabete Weiderpass; K. Ryan Wessells; Ronny Westerman; Harvey Whiteford; James D. Wilkinson; Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes; Timothy M. Wolock; Anthony D. Woolf; Sarah Wulf; Gelin Xu; Hiroshi Yatsuya; Seok Jun Yoon; Mustafa Z. Younis; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Hajo Zeeb; Yong Zhao; Yingfeng Zheng; Jun Zhu; Shankuan Zhu; Joseph R. Zunt; Gabriel Alcalá-Cerra; Howard Hu;handle: 2445/127624 , 11386/4651448 , 11588/733398 , 2434/336619 , 11370/99c4adbd-894f-4ac6-922b-8c039e490bac
pmc: PMC4379111 , PMC4340604
handle: 2445/127624 , 11386/4651448 , 11588/733398 , 2434/336619 , 11370/99c4adbd-894f-4ac6-922b-8c039e490bac
pmc: PMC4379111 , PMC4340604
Background Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across countries. Methods We estimated age-sex-specific all-cause mortality using the GBD 2010 methods with some refinements to improve accuracy applied to an updated database of vital registration, survey, and census data. We generally estimated cause of death as in the GBD 2010. Key improvements included the addition of more recent vital registration data for 72 countries, an updated verbal autopsy literature review, two new and detailed data systems for China, and more detail for Mexico, UK, Turkey, and Russia. We improved statistical models for garbage code redistribution. We used six different modelling strategies across the 240 causes; cause of death ensemble modelling (CODEm) was the dominant strategy for causes with sufficient information. Trends for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were informed by meta-regression of prevalence studies. For pathogen-specific causes of diarrhoea and lower respiratory infections we used a counterfactual approach. We computed two measures of convergence (inequality) across countries: the average relative difference across all pairs of countries (Gini coefficient) and the average absolute difference across countries. To summarise broad findings, we used multiple decrement life-tables to decompose probabilities of death from birth to exact age 15 years, from exact age 15 years to exact age 50 years, and from exact age 50 years to exact age 75 years, and life expectancy at birth into major causes. For all quantities reported, we computed 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We constrained cause-specific fractions within each age-sex-country-year group to sum to all-cause mortality based on draws from the uncertainty distributions. Findings Global life expectancy for both sexes increased from 65·3 years (UI 65·0–65·6) in 1990, to 71·5 years (UI 71·0–71·9) in 2013, while the number of deaths increased from 47·5 million (UI 46·8–48·2) to 54·9 million (UI 53·6–56·3) over the same interval. Global progress masked variation by age and sex: for children, average absolute differences between countries decreased but relative differences increased. For women aged 25–39 years and older than 75 years and for men aged 20–49 years and 65 years and older, both absolute and relative differences increased. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the prominent role of reductions in age-standardised death rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancers in high-income regions, and reductions in child deaths from diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and neonatal causes in low-income regions. HIV/AIDS reduced life expectancy in southern sub-Saharan Africa. For most communicable causes of death both numbers of deaths and age-standardised death rates fell whereas for most non-communicable causes, demographic shifts have increased numbers of deaths but decreased age-standardised death rates. Global deaths from injury increased by 10·7%, from 4·3 million deaths in 1990 to 4·8 million in 2013; but age-standardised rates declined over the same period by 21%. For some causes of more than 100 000 deaths per year in 2013, age-standardised death rates increased between 1990 and 2013, including HIV/AIDS, pancreatic cancer, atrial fibrillation and flutter, drug use disorders, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and sickle-cell anaemias. Diarrhoeal diseases, lower respiratory infections, neonatal causes, and malaria are still in the top five causes of death in children younger than 5 years. The most important pathogens are rotavirus for diarrhoea and pneumococcus for lower respiratory infections. Country-specific probabilities of death over three phases of life were substantially varied between and within regions. Interpretation For most countries, the general pattern of reductions in age-sex specific mortality has been associated with a progressive shift towards a larger share of the remaining deaths caused by non-communicable disease and injuries. Assessing epidemiological convergence across countries depends on whether an absolute or relative measure of inequality is used. Nevertheless, age-standardised death rates for seven substantial causes are increasing, suggesting the potential for reversals in some countries. Important gaps exist in the empirical data for cause of death estimates for some countries; for example, no national data for India are available for the past decade. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Background Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across countries. Methods We estimated age-sex-specific all-cause mortality using the GBD 2010 methods with some refinements to improve accuracy applied to an updated database of vital registration, survey, and census data. We generally estimated cause of death as in the GBD 2010. Key improvements included the addition of more recent vital registration data for 72 countries, an updated verbal autopsy literature review, two new and detailed data systems for China, and more detail for Mexico, UK, Turkey, and Russia. We improved statistical models for garbage code redistribution. We used six different modelling strategies across the 240 causes; cause of death ensemble modelling (CODEm) was the dominant strategy for causes with sufficient information. Trends for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias were informed by meta-regression of prevalence studies. For pathogen-specific causes of diarrhoea and lower respiratory infections we used a counterfactual approach. We computed two measures of convergence (inequality) across countries: the average relative difference across all pairs of countries (Gini coefficient) and the average absolute difference across countries. To summarise broad findings, we used multiple decrement life-tables to decompose probabilities of death from birth to exact age 15 years, from exact age 15 years to exact age 50 years, and from exact age 50 years to exact age 75 years, and life expectancy at birth into major causes. For all quantities reported, we computed 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We constrained cause-specific fractions within each age-sex-country-year group to sum to all-cause mortality based on draws from the uncertainty distributions. Findings Global life expectancy for both sexes increased from 65·3 years (UI 65·0–65·6) in 1990, to 71·5 years (UI 71·0–71·9) in 2013, while the number of deaths increased from 47·5 million (UI 46·8–48·2) to 54·9 million (UI 53·6–56·3) over the same interval. Global progress masked variation by age and sex: for children, average absolute differences between countries decreased but relative differences increased. For women aged 25–39 years and older than 75 years and for men aged 20–49 years and 65 years and older, both absolute and relative differences increased. Decomposition of global and regional life expectancy showed the prominent role of reductions in age-standardised death rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancers in high-income regions, and reductions in child deaths from diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and neonatal causes in low-income regions. HIV/AIDS reduced life expectancy in southern sub-Saharan Africa. For most communicable causes of death both numbers of deaths and age-standardised death rates fell whereas for most non-communicable causes, demographic shifts have increased numbers of deaths but decreased age-standardised death rates. Global deaths from injury increased by 10·7%, from 4·3 million deaths in 1990 to 4·8 million in 2013; but age-standardised rates declined over the same period by 21%. For some causes of more than 100 000 deaths per year in 2013, age-standardised death rates increased between 1990 and 2013, including HIV/AIDS, pancreatic cancer, atrial fibrillation and flutter, drug use disorders, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and sickle-cell anaemias. Diarrhoeal diseases, lower respiratory infections, neonatal causes, and malaria are still in the top five causes of death in children younger than 5 years. The most important pathogens are rotavirus for diarrhoea and pneumococcus for lower respiratory infections. Country-specific probabilities of death over three phases of life were substantially varied between and within regions. Interpretation For most countries, the general pattern of reductions in age-sex specific mortality has been associated with a progressive shift towards a larger share of the remaining deaths caused by non-communicable disease and injuries. Assessing epidemiological convergence across countries depends on whether an absolute or relative measure of inequality is used. Nevertheless, age-standardised death rates for seven substantial causes are increasing, suggesting the potential for reversals in some countries. Important gaps exist in the empirical data for cause of death estimates for some countries; for example, no national data for India are available for the past decade. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Archivio istituziona... arrow_drop_down Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim SistemiArticle . 2015Data sources: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim SistemiVBN; Aalborg University Research PortalArticle . 2015Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2014License: rioxx All Rights ReservedData sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2015Data sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAeScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2015Data sources: eScholarship - University of CaliforniaNARCIS; The LancetArticle . 2015PURE Aarhus UniversityArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedNature Reviews NephrologyArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoHyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . Article . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 6K citations 6,083 popularity Top 0.01% influence Top 0.01% impulse Top 0.01% Powered by BIP!visibility 52visibility views 52 download downloads 164 Powered bymore_vert Archivio istituziona... arrow_drop_down Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim SistemiArticle . 2015Data sources: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Açık Erişim SistemiVBN; Aalborg University Research PortalArticle . 2015Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2014License: rioxx All Rights ReservedData sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryRecolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAArticle . 2015Data sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTAeScholarship - University of CaliforniaArticle . 2015Data sources: eScholarship - University of CaliforniaNARCIS; The LancetArticle . 2015PURE Aarhus UniversityArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedNature Reviews NephrologyArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoHyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . Article . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2015 Ireland, United Kingdom, SpainPublisher:Future Medicine Ltd Publicly fundedFunded by:SFI | Advancing Vibrational Spe...SFI| Advancing Vibrational Spectroscopy for Cellular and Sub Cellular AnalysisFurong, Tian; Martin Jd, Clift; Alan, Casey; Pablo, Del Pino; Beatriz, Pelaz; João, Conde; Hugh J, Byrne; Barbara, Rothen-Rutishauser; Giovani, Estrada; Jesús M, de la Fuente; Tobias, Stoeger;[Aim]: To investigate the influence of gold nanoparticle geometry on the biochemical response of Calu-3 epithelial cells. [Materials & methods]: Spherical, triangular and hexagonal gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were used. The GNP-cell interaction was assessed via atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The biochemical impact of GNPs was determined over 72 h at (0.0001-1 mg/ml). [Results]: At 1 mg/ml, hexagonal GNPs reduced Calu-3 viability below 60%, showed increased reactive oxygen species production and higher expression of proapoptotic markers. A cell mass burden of 1:2:12 as well as number of GNPs per cell (2:1:3) was observed for spherical:triangular:hexagonal GNPs. [Conclusion]: These findings do not suggest a direct shape-toxicity effect. However, do highlight the contribution of shape towards the GNP-cell interaction which impacts upon their intracellular number, mass and volume dose. This study was partially financed by the European Commission via ERA-NanoScience, project ‘NanoTruck’ awarded to JM de la Fuente and F Tian. F Tian and J Conde are currently Marie Curie Fellows. A Casey and HJ Byrne received fund from Science Foundation Ireland 11/PI/1108. JM de la Fuente was funded by MAT2011–26851-CO2–01 project of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and Fondo Social Europeo (FSE; Gobierno de Aragón), for partially financing this research. B Pelaz acknowledges to the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for her fellowship. MJD Clift and BR Rutishauser acknowledge the funding received from the European Respiratory Society (Fellowship LTRF-MC1572–2010 to MJDC), the Swiss National Science Foundation and the Adolphe Merkle Foundation. Peer Reviewed
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 34 citations 34 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 10visibility views 10 download downloads 11 Powered bymore_vert Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Conference object 2018 United Kingdom, ItalyPublisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Cafolla, D; Russo, M; Carbone Giuseppe;Cafolla, D; Russo, M; Carbone Giuseppe;handle: 20.500.11770/302337
This paper introduces CUBE, a cable-driven parallel robot for the assistance of patients in rehabilitation exercising for both upper and lower limb. The system is characterized by a lightweight foldable structure that is easy to set-up in different configurations. It can adapt to different exercises and to the available environment. Its cable-driven design makes it inherently safe in human/robot interactions also due to the extremely low inertia. The design is presented with its kinematic and dynamic analysis and validated through a first prototype.
Cronfa at Swansea Un... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio Istituzionale dell'Università della CalabriaPart of book or chapter of book . 2019Data sources: Archivio Istituzionale dell'Università della Calabriaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu9 citations 9 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Cronfa at Swansea Un... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio Istituzionale dell'Università della CalabriaPart of book or chapter of book . 2019Data sources: Archivio Istituzionale dell'Università della Calabriaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2015 Italy, France, Germany, Turkey, Netherlands, Australia, Italy, Italy, Italy, Italy, Denmark, United Kingdom, Italy, Denmark, United KingdomPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:UKRI | The impact and social eco..., WT | Epidemiological mapping o..., Jazz Pharmaceuticals +6 projectsUKRI| The impact and social ecology of bacterial zoonoses in northern Tanzania ,WT| Epidemiological mapping of podoconiosis in Ethiopia . ,Jazz Pharmaceuticals ,NHMRC| Assessing the population health impact of illicit drug use: prevalence, trajectories, and contributions to disease burden ,WT ,Allergan ,WT| Defining the population at risk and burden of disease of Plasmodium vivax malaria. ,WT| The health consequences of inherited red blood cell disorders in Kenya. ,SNSF| Morbidity and cost of helminth infections: fitting existing and investigating missing pieces of evidenceRyan M Barber; Brad Bell; Ian Bolliger; Fiona J Charlson; Adrian Davis; Louisa Degenhardt; Holly E. Erskine; Valery L. Feigin; Alize J. Ferrari; Christina Fitzmaurice; Caterina Guinovart; Juanita A. Haagsma; Hideki Higashi; Hmwe H Kyu; Evan Laurie; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Mohsen Naghavi; David Allen Roberts; Jeffrey D. Stanaway; Harvey Whiteford; Pengpeng Ye; Gunn Marit Aasvang; Cristiana Abbafati; Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren; Foad Abd-Allah; Semaw Ferede Abera; Victor Aboyans; Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham; Ibrahim Abubakar; Tania C Aburto; Tom Achoki; Ilana N. Ackerman; Zanfina Ademi; Arsène Kouablan Adou; Johan Ärnlöv; Sayed Saidul Alam; Zewdie Aderaw Alemu; Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho; François Alla; Peter J. Allen; Ubai Alsharif; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Omid Ameli; Heresh Amini; Benjamin O. Anderson; Palwasha Anwari; Henry Apfel; Al Artaman; Rana J. Asghar; Reza Assadi; Charles Atkinson; Maria Cecilia Bahit; Kalpana Balakrishnan; Shivanthi Balalla; Amitava Banerjee; Suzanne Barker-Collo; Simón Barquera; Lope H Barrero; Arindam Basu; Justin Beardsley; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Tolesa Bekele; Corina Benjet; Derrick A Bennett; Isabela M. Benseñor; Habib Benzian; Eduardo Bernabé; Tariku Jibat Beyene; Neeraj Bhala; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Boris Bikbov; Jed D. Blore; Fiona M. Blyth; Berrak Bora Basara; Guilherme Borges; Natan M. Bornstein; Soufiane Boufous; Michael Brainin; Michael Brauer; Carol Brayne; Hermann Brenner; Adam D M Briggs; Peter Brooks; J Brown; Traolach S. Brugha; Geoffrey Buckle; Ismael R. Campos-Nonato; Jonathan R. Carapetis; David Carpenter; Valeria Caso; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ferrán Catalá-López; Jung-Chen Chang; Wanqing Chen; Odgerel Chimed-Ochir; Rajiv Chowdhury; Hanne Christensen; Sumeet S. Chugh; Massimo Cirillo; Aaron Cohen; Valentina Colistro; Samantha M. Colquhoun; Alejandra G. Contreras; Leslie T. Cooper; Kimberly Cooperrider; Lucía Cuevas-Nasu; Rakhi Dandona; Paul I. Dargan; Gail Davey; Dragos Virgil Davitoiu; Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora; Diego De Leo; Borja del Pozo-Cruz; Robert P. Dellavalle; Kebede Deribe; Sarah Derrett; Don C. Des Jarlais; Eric L. Ding; Klara Dokova; E. R. Dorsey; Herbert C. Duber; Matthias Endres; Sergey Petrovich Ermakov; Alireza Esteghamati; Kara Estep; Saman Fahimi; Farshad Farzadfar; Derek F J Fay; Abraham D. Flaxman; Nataliya Foigt; Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé; Johanna M. Geleijnse; Bradford D. Gessner; Katherine B Gibney; Richard F. Gillum; Giorgia Giussani; Shifalika Goenka; Richard A. Gosselin; Atsushi Goto; Hebe N. Gouda; David Gunnell; Rashmi Gupta; Reyna A Gutiérrez; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Mouhanad Hammami; Graeme J. Hankey; Hilda L Harb; Roderick J. Hay; Simon I. Hay; Mohammad Taghi Hedayati; Pouria Heydarpour; Hans W. Hoek; Mazeda Hossain; Peter J. Hotez; Damian G Hoy; Howard Hu; Cheng Huang; Laetitia Huiart; Abdullatif Husseini; Kaire Innos; Kathryn H. Jacobsen; Panniyammakal Jeemon; Vivekanand Jha; Ying Jiang; Knud Juel; André Karch; Ganesan Karthikeyan; Ronit Katz; Norito Kawakami; Andrew H. Kemp; Andre Pascal Kengne; Yousef Khader; Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Gulfaraz Khan; Young-Ho Khang; Christian Kieling; Daniel Kim; Ruth W Kimokoti; Yohannes Kinfu; Brett M. Kissela; Luke D. Knibbs; Ann Kristin Knudsen; Soewarta Kosen; Alexander Krämer; Michael Kravchenko; Rita Krishnamurthi; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Burcu Kucuk Bicer; Ernst J. Kuipers; Kaushalendra Kumar; G Anil Kumar; Ratilal Lalloo; Van C. Lansingh; Heidi J. Larson; Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz; Janet L Leasher; James Leigh; Ricky Leung; Miriam Levi; Bin Li; Juan Liang; Hsien-Ho Lin; Margaret Lind; Shiwei Liu; Belinda Lloyd; Summer Lockett Ohno; Giancarlo Logroscino; Joannie Lortet-Tieulent; Paulo A. Lotufo; Robyn M. Lucas; Raimundas Lunevicius; Ronan A Lyons; Stefan Ma; Mark T Mackay; Marek Majdan; Lyn March; Guy B. Marks; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Amanda J. Mason-Jones; Richard Matzopoulos; Neil McGill; Martin McKee; Abby McLain; Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez; Wubegzier Mekonnen; Yohannes Adama Melaku; Atte Meretoja; Francis Apolinary Mhimbira; Ted R. Miller; Philip B. Mitchell; Terrie E. Moffitt; Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim; Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad; Lorenzo Monasta; Marcella Montico; Ami R. Moore; Andrew E. Moran; Lidia Morawska; Rintaro Mori; Wilkister N. Moturi; Dariush Mozaffarian; Mitsuru Mukaigawara; Michele E. Murdoch; Joseph Murray; Kinnari S. Murthy; Paria Naghavi; Ziad Nahas; Aliya Naheed; Kovin Naidoo; Luigi Naldi; Devina Nand; K.M. Venkat Narayan; Denis Nash; Chakib Nejjari; Sudan Prasad Neupane; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Sandra Nolte; Ole Frithjof Norheim; Luke Nyakarahuka; Takayoshi Ohkubo; John Nelson Opio; Alberto Ortiz; Jeyaraj D Pandian; Christina Papachristou; Charles D. H. Parry; Scott B. Patten; Vinod K. Paul; Boris I. Pavlin; Lilia S Pedraza; Carlos A. Pellegrini; Fernando Perez-Ruiz; Norberto Perico; Konrad Pesudovs; Michael R. Phillips; Frédéric B. Piel; Dietrich Plass; Dan Poenaru; Guilherme V. Polanczyk; Farshad Pourmalek; Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Dima M. Qato; Kazem Rahimi; Sajjad Ur Rahman; Ivo Rakovac; Saleem M Rana; Homie Razavi; Amany H Refaat; Giuseppe Remuzzi; Serge Resnikoff; Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro; Patricia M. Riccio; Jan Hendrik Richardus; Anna Roca; Alina Rodriguez; Nobhojit Roy; George Mugambage Ruhago; Ralph L. Sacco; Sukanta Saha; Ramesh Sahathevan; Lidia Sanchez-Riera; Itamar S. Santos; Maheswar Satpathy; Mete Saylan; Peter Scarborough; Soraya Seedat; Edson Serván-Mori; Amira Shaheen; Saeid Shahraz; Kenji Shibuya; Yukito Shinohara; Ivy Shiue; Shireen Sindi; Jasvinder A. Singh; Vegard Skirbekk; Karen Sliwa; Sergey Soshnikov; Luciano A. Sposato; Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy; Heidi Stoeckl; Murray B. Stein; A W Stewart; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Bruno F. Sunguya; Mamta Swaroop; Karen M. Tabb; Ken Takahashi; Mohammad Tavakkoli; Hugh R. Taylor; Braden Te Ao; Eric Y. Tenkorang; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Alice Theadom; Amanda G. Thrift; Imad M. Tleyjeh; Marcello Tonelli; Fotis Topouzis; Hideaki Toyoshima; Jefferson Traebert; Bach Xuan Tran; Leonardo Trasande; Matias Trillini; Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris; Emin Murat Tuzcu; Kingsley N. Ukwaja; Coen H. Van Gool; Lennert J. Veerman; Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian; Salvador Villalpando; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Stephen G. Waller; Tati S. Warouw; Scott Weichenthal; Elisabete Weiderpass; James D. Wilkinson; Hywel C Williams; Thomas N. Williams; Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes; Haidong Wong; Anthony D. Woolf; Jonathan L. Wright; Gelin Xu; Gonghuan Yang; Seok Jun Yoon; Mustafa Z. Younis; Chuanhua Yu; Zheng Zhao; David Zonies; Joshua A. Salomon; Christopher J L Murray;pmc: PMC4561509
Summary Background Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. Methods Estimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally and at the country level for 2013. In total, 35 620 distinct sources of data were used and documented to calculated estimates for 301 diseases and injuries and 2337 sequelae. The comorbidity simulation provides estimates for the number of sequelae, concurrently, by individuals by country, year, age, and sex. Disability weights were updated with the addition of new population-based survey data from four countries. Findings Disease and injury were highly prevalent; only a small fraction of individuals had no sequelae. Comorbidity rose substantially with age and in absolute terms from 1990 to 2013. Incidence of acute sequelae were predominantly infectious diseases and short-term injuries, with over 2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections and diarrhoeal disease episodes in 2013, with the notable exception of tooth pain due to permanent caries with more than 200 million incident cases in 2013. Conversely, leading chronic sequelae were largely attributable to non-communicable diseases, with prevalence estimates for asymptomatic permanent caries and tension-type headache of 2·4 billion and 1·6 billion, respectively. The distribution of the number of sequelae in populations varied widely across regions, with an expected relation between age and disease prevalence. YLDs for both sexes increased from 537·6 million in 1990 to 764·8 million in 2013 due to population growth and ageing, whereas the age-standardised rate decreased little from 114·87 per 1000 people to 110·31 per 1000 people between 1990 and 2013. Leading causes of YLDs included low back pain and major depressive disorder among the top ten causes of YLDs in every country. YLD rates per person, by major cause groups, indicated the main drivers of increases were due to musculoskeletal, mental, and substance use disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases; however HIV/AIDS was a notable driver of increasing YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Also, the proportion of disability-adjusted life years due to YLDs increased globally from 21·1% in 1990 to 31·2% in 2013. Interpretation Ageing of the world's population is leading to a substantial increase in the numbers of individuals with sequelae of diseases and injuries. Rates of YLDs are declining much more slowly than mortality rates. The non-fatal dimensions of disease and injury will require more and more attention from health systems. The transition to non-fatal outcomes as the dominant source of burden of disease is occurring rapidly outside of sub-Saharan Africa. Our results can guide future health initiatives through examination of epidemiological trends and a better understanding of variation across countries. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Background Up-to-date evidence about levels and trends in disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) is an essential input into global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013), we estimated these quantities for acute and chronic diseases and injuries for 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. Methods Estimates were calculated for disease and injury incidence, prevalence, and YLDs using GBD 2010 methods with some important refinements. Results for incidence of acute disorders and prevalence of chronic disorders are new additions to the analysis. Key improvements include expansion to the cause and sequelae list, updated systematic reviews, use of detailed injury codes, improvements to the Bayesian meta-regression method (DisMod-MR), and use of severity splits for various causes. An index of data representativeness, showing data availability, was calculated for each cause and impairment during three periods globally and at the country level for 2013. In total, 35 620 distinct sources of data were used and documented to calculated estimates for 301 diseases and injuries and 2337 sequelae. The comorbidity simulation provides estimates for the number of sequelae, concurrently, by individuals by country, year, age, and sex. Disability weights were updated with the addition of new population-based survey data from four countries. Findings Disease and injury were highly prevalent; only a small fraction of individuals had no sequelae. Comorbidity rose substantially with age and in absolute terms from 1990 to 2013. Incidence of acute sequelae were predominantly infectious diseases and short-term injuries, with over 2 billion cases of upper respiratory infections and diarrhoeal disease episodes in 2013, with the notable exception of tooth pain due to permanent caries with more than 200 million incident cases in 2013. Conversely, leading chronic sequelae were largely attributable to non-communicable diseases, with prevalence estimates for asymptomatic permanent caries and tension-type headache of 2·4 billion and 1·6 billion, respectively. The distribution of the number of sequelae in populations varied widely across regions, with an expected relation between age and disease prevalence. YLDs for both sexes increased from 537·6 million in 1990 to 764·8 million in 2013 due to population growth and ageing, whereas the age-standardised rate decreased little from 114·87 per 1000 people to 110·31 per 1000 people between 1990 and 2013. Leading causes of YLDs included low back pain and major depressive disorder among the top ten causes of YLDs in every country. YLD rates per person, by major cause groups, indicated the main drivers of increases were due to musculoskeletal, mental, and substance use disorders, neurological disorders, and chronic respiratory diseases; however HIV/AIDS was a notable driver of increasing YLDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Also, the proportion of disability-adjusted life years due to YLDs increased globally from 21·1% in 1990 to 31·2% in 2013. Interpretation Ageing of the world's population is leading to a substantial increase in the numbers of individuals with sequelae of diseases and injuries. Rates of YLDs are declining much more slowly than mortality rates. The non-fatal dimensions of disease and injury will require more and more attention from health systems. The transition to non-fatal outcomes as the dominant source of burden of disease is occurring rapidly outside of sub-Saharan Africa. Our results can guide future health initiatives through examination of epidemiological trends and a better understanding of variation across countries. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Flore (Florence Rese... arrow_drop_down Flore (Florence Research Repository)Article . 2015Data sources: Flore (Florence Research Repository)Publications at Bielefeld University; Research@WUR; The LancetOther literature type . Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMFlore (Florence Research Repository)Article . 2015Data sources: Flore (Florence Research Repository)Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza; Aalborg University Research Portal; Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno; Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca dell'Università degli Studi di Milano; The Lancet; Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico IIArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of Groningen Research Portal; Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza; Aalborg University Research Portal; Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno; Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca dell'Università degli Studi di Milano; SNSF P3 Database; Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico IIArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoVBN; Aalborg University Research PortalArticle . 2015Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . Article . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen bronze 5K citations 4,805 popularity Top 0.01% influence Top 0.01% impulse Top 0.01% Powered by BIP!visibility 55visibility views 55 download downloads 1,498 Powered bymore_vert Flore (Florence Rese... arrow_drop_down Flore (Florence Research Repository)Article . 2015Data sources: Flore (Florence Research Repository)Publications at Bielefeld University; Research@WUR; The LancetOther literature type . Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMFlore (Florence Research Repository)Article . 2015Data sources: Flore (Florence Research Repository)Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArticle . 2015Data sources: Spiral - Imperial College Digital RepositoryArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza; Aalborg University Research Portal; Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno; Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca dell'Università degli Studi di Milano; The Lancet; Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico IIArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of Groningen Research Portal; Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La Sapienza; Aalborg University Research Portal; Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Salerno; Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca dell'Università degli Studi di Milano; SNSF P3 Database; Archivio della ricerca - Università degli studi di Napoli Federico IIArchivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della ricerca- Università di Roma La SapienzaArchivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoArticle . 2015Data sources: Archivio della Ricerca - Università di SalernoVBN; Aalborg University Research PortalArticle . 2015Hyper Article en Ligne; Hal-DiderotOther literature type . Article . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2010 United Kingdom, Netherlands, IrelandPublisher:Informa UK Limited Publicly fundedFunded by:EC | NANOIMPACTNETEC| NANOIMPACTNETBouwmeester, H.; Lynch, I.; Marvin, H.J.P.; Dawson, K.A.; Berges, M.; Braguer, D.; Byrne, H.J.; Casey, A.; Chambers, G.; Clift, M.J.D.; Elia, G.; Fernandes, T.F.; fjellsbo, L.B.; Hatto, P.; Juillerat, L.; Klein, C.; Kreyling, W.G.; Nickel, C.; Riediker, M.; Stone, V.;pmid: 21417684
Background: This paper presents the outcomes from a workshop of the European Network on the Health and Environmental Impact of Nanomaterials (NanoImpactNet) held in June 2008. During this workshop 45 experts in the field of safety assessment of engineered nanomaterials from academia, non-profit organizations and industry addressed a list of essential metrics of engineered nanomaterials that need to be characterized as a minimum. Results: The group discussed the need to systematically study sets of engineered nanomaterials to generate a dataset that allows for the establishment of dose-response data related to specific metrics of engineered nanomaterials. Concomitantly the availability of analytical methods to determine the physicochemical characteristics was discussed. Given the measurement challenges specific for engineered nanomaterials the issue of harmonizing protocols was raised. Conclusion: The group concluded that international cooperation and worldwide standardization of terminology, reference materials and protocols are needed to make progress in establishing lists of essential metrics. The need for high quality data necessitates the development of harmonized study approaches and adequate reporting of data. Priority metrics can only be based on well-characterized dose-response relations (as regards biological interactions and physiochemical characteristics) of engineered nanomaterials. This requires the systematic study of the biokinetics and biointeractions of nanomaterials at both organism and (sub)cellular levels. Additionally, much effort needs to be put into the standardization and validation of analytical methods to determine these metrics. Especially for the characterization of engineered nanomaterials in a complex matrix much work needs to be done.
Arrow@TU Dublin arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess Routesbronze 153 citations 153 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 1% Powered by BIP!more_vert Arrow@TU Dublin arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Conference object 2018 Italy, United KingdomPublisher:IEEE Lazar V. A.; Pisla D.; Vaida C.; Cafolla D.; Ceccarelli M.; Carbone Giuseppe; León J. F. R.;handle: 11580/70251 , 20.500.11770/302585
This paper addresses an experimental characterization of a human arm motions aiming at the identification of proper motion ranges and trajectories for arm training exercises. The arm motion is analyzed by postprocessing visual tracking experiences of an arm during flexion-extension motions. Assisted human arm exercises are achieved by means of a cable driven robotic device, LAWEX, which has been designed and built at LARM. Experimental tests are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained assisted human arm exercises.
add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu5 citations 5 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1109/aqtr.2018.8402757&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013 United Kingdom, CyprusPublisher:Elsevier BV Authors: Jothi, Sathiskumar; Georgiades, Tasos; Hadjiloizi, Demetra; Kalamkarov, A. L.;Jothi, Sathiskumar; Georgiades, Tasos; Hadjiloizi, Demetra; Kalamkarov, A. L.;Abstract The comprehensive micromechanical models for the analysis of piezo-magneto-thermo-elastic smart composite structures with orthotropic constituents are developed. The asymptotic homogenization models are derived, the governing equations are determined. Subsequently general relations called unit cell problems are derived. They can be used to determine the effective elastic, piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, thermal expansion, dielectric, magnetic permeability, magnetoelectric, pyroelectric and pyromagnetic coefficients. The latter three sets of coefficients are particularly interesting in the sense that they represent product or cross-properties; they are generated in the macroscopic composite via the interaction of the different phases, but may be absent from some of the constituents themselves. The derived relations pertaining to the unit-cell problems and the resultant effective coefficients are very general and they are valid for any 3D geometry of the unit cell. In Part II of this work the results of the asymptotic homogenization models for practically important smart composite structures are obtained and presented graphically.
Ktisis arrow_drop_down European Journal of Mechanics - A/SolidsArticle . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.euromechsol.2012.11.009&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu40 citations 40 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Ktisis arrow_drop_down European Journal of Mechanics - A/SolidsArticle . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Elsevier TDMData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.euromechsol.2012.11.009&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Conference object 2018 Italy, United KingdomPublisher:Springer International Publishing Authors: Lazăr, V A; Cafolla, D; Pisla, D; Carbone Giuseppe;Lazăr, V A; Cafolla, D; Pisla, D; Carbone Giuseppe;handle: 20.500.11770/302349
Movement performance in patients with neurological or orthopaedic traumas can be improved with Task-oriented repetitive movement. The application of robotics can assist, enhance, evaluate, and document neurological and orthopaedic rehabilitation of movements. A key point is the mechanical interface between the device and the user, it has to be adaptable to every patient with different anthropomorphic sizes. Furthermore, the mechanical interface must permit the needed movement for rehabilitation while avoiding dangerous ones. This paper presents design of a mechanical interface for a cable-driven rehabilitation device in terms of conceptual design and stress simulation. The interface is then tested during some rehabilitation exercises to test its usefulness.
Cronfa at Swansea Un... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio Istituzionale dell'Università della CalabriaPart of book or chapter of book . 2019Data sources: Archivio Istituzionale dell'Università della Calabriaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-030-00329-6_32&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eu3 citations 3 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert Cronfa at Swansea Un... arrow_drop_down https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewedLicense: Springer TDMData sources: CrossrefArchivio Istituzionale dell'Università della CalabriaPart of book or chapter of book . 2019Data sources: Archivio Istituzionale dell'Università della Calabriaadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1007/978-3-030-00329-6_32&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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