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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2018 SwitzerlandPublisher:Oxford University Press (OUP) Funded by:EC | CHLAFISHEC| CHLAFISHWeihong, Qi; Maria Chiara, Cascarano; Ralph, Schlapbach; Pantelis, Katharios; Lloyd, Vaughan; Helena M B, Seth-Smith;Endozoicomonas bacteria are generally beneficial symbionts of diverse marine invertebrates including reef-building corals, sponges, sea squirts, sea slugs, molluscs, and Bryozoans. In contrast, the recently reported Ca. Endozoicomonas cretensis was identified as a vertebrate pathogen, causing epitheliocystis in fish larvae resulting in massive mortality. Here, we described the Ca. E. cretensis draft genome, currently undergoing genome decay as evidenced by massive insertion sequence (IS element) expansion and pseudogene formation. Many of the insertion sequences are also predicted to carry outward-directed promoters, implying that they may be able to modulate the expression of neighbouring coding sequences (CDSs). Comparative genomic analysis has revealed many Ca. E. cretensis-specific CDSs, phage integration and novel gene families. Potential virulence related CDSs and machineries were identified in the genome, including secretion systems and related effector proteins, and systems related to biofilm formation and directed cell movement. Mucin degradation would be of importance to a fish pathogen, and many candidate CDSs associated with this pathway have been identified. The genome may reflect a bacterium in the process of changing niche from symbiont to pathogen, through expansion of virulence genes and some loss of metabolic capacity. Genome Biology and Evolution, 10 (6) ISSN:1759-6653
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2018Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6007542Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1093/gbe/evy092&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 13 citations 13 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2018Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6007542Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1093/gbe/evy092&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 United Kingdom, SwitzerlandPublisher:Frontiers Media SA Funded by:NSF | NSF-NERC: THwaites Offsho..., UKRI | NSFPLR-NERC: GHOST (Geoph...NSF| NSF-NERC: THwaites Offshore Research (THOR) ,UKRI| NSFPLR-NERC: GHOST (Geophysical Habitat of Subglacial Thwaites)A. P. Lepp; L. M. Simkins; J. B. Anderson; R. W. Clark; J. S. Wellner; C-D. Hillenbrand; J. A. Smith; A. A. Lehrmann; R. Totten; R. D. Larter; K. A. Hogan; F. O. Nitsche; A. G. C. Graham; L. Wacker;handle: 20.500.11850/554397
Subglacial meltwater drainage can enhance localized melting along grounding zones and beneath the ice shelves of marine-terminating glaciers. Efforts to constrain the evolution of subglacial hydrology and the resulting influence on ice stability in space and on decadal to millennial timescales are lacking. Here, we apply sedimentological, geochemical, and statistical methods to analyze sediment cores recovered offshore Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica to reconstruct meltwater drainage activity through the pre-satellite era. We find evidence for a long-lived subglacial hydrologic system beneath Thwaites Glacier and indications that meltwater plumes are the primary mechanism of sedimentation seaward of the glacier today. Detailed core stratigraphy revealed through computed tomography scanning captures variability in drainage styles and suggests greater magnitudes of sediment-laden meltwater have been delivered to the ocean in recent centuries compared to the past several thousand years. Fundamental similarities between meltwater plume deposits offshore Thwaites Glacier and those described in association with other Antarctic glacial systems imply widespread and similar subglacial hydrologic processes that occur independently of subglacial geology. In the context of Holocene changes to the Thwaites Glacier margin, it is likely that subglacial drainage enhanced submarine melt along the grounding zone and amplified ice-shelf melt driven by oceanic processes, consistent with observations of other West Antarctic glaciers today. This study highlights the necessity of accounting for the influence of subglacial hydrology on grounding-zone and ice-shelf melt in projections of future behavior of the Thwaites Glacier ice margin and marine-based glaciers around the Antarctic continent. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10 ISSN:2296-6463
NERC Open Research A... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 117visibility views 117 download downloads 63 Powered bymore_vert NERC Open Research A... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2017 SwitzerlandPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:FCT | SFRH/BD/86118/2012FCT| SFRH/BD/86118/2012Authors: InĂŞs Fontes; Hanna Hartikainen; Chris F. Williams; Beth Okamura;InĂŞs Fontes; Hanna Hartikainen; Chris F. Williams; Beth Okamura;Background Persistent covert infections of the myxozoan, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, in primary invertebrate hosts (the freshwater bryozoan, Fredericella sultana) have been proposed to represent a reservoir for proliferative kidney disease in secondary fish hosts. However, we have limited understanding of how covert infections persist and vary in bryozoan populations over time and space and how they may impact these populations. In addition, previous studies have likely underestimated covert infection prevalence. To improve our understanding of the dynamics, impacts and implications of covert infections we employed a highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and undertook the first investigation of covert infections in the field over an annual period by sampling bryozoans every 45 days from three populations within each of three rivers. Results Covert infections persisted throughout the year and prevalence varied within and between rivers, but were often > 50%. Variation in temperature and water chemistry were linked with changes in prevalence in a manner consistent with the maintenance of covert infections during periods of low productivity and thus poor growth conditions for both bryozoans and T. bryosalmonae. The presence and increased severity of covert infections reduced host growth but only when bryozoans were also investing in the production of overwintering propagules (statoblasts). However, because statoblast production is transitory, this effect is unlikely to greatly impact the capacity of bryozoan populations to act as persistent sources of infections and hence potential disease outbreaks in farmed and wild fish populations. Conclusions We demonstrate that covert infections are widespread and persist over space and time in bryozoan populations. To our knowledge, this is the first long-term study of covert infections in a field setting. Review of the results of this and previous studies enables us to identify key questions related to the ecology and evolution of covert infection strategies and associated host-parasite interactions. Parasites & Vectors, 10 (1) ISSN:1756-3305
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5668978Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1186/s13071-017-2495-8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 13 citations 13 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5668978Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1186/s13071-017-2495-8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other literature type , Article 2017 SwitzerlandPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:EC | NOGOS, SNSF | The Swiss contribution to...EC| NOGOS ,SNSF| The Swiss contribution to the Lake Van Drilling Project: 500000 years of environmental and climate change in Eastern Anatolia (Drilling Costs)Yama Tomonaga; Matthias S. Brennwald; David M. Livingstone; Olga Kwiecien; Marie Ève Randlett; Mona Stockhecke; Katie Unwin; Flavio S. Anselmetti; Jürg Beer; Gerald H. Haug; Carsten J. Schubert; M. Sturm; Rolf Kipfer;In closed-basin lakes, sediment porewater salinity can potentially be used as a conservative tracer to reconstruct past fluctuations in lake level. However, until now, porewater salinity profiles did not allow quantitative estimates of past lake-level changes because, in contrast to the oceans, significant salinity changes (e.g., local concentration minima and maxima) had never been observed in lacustrine sediments. Here we show that the salinity measured in the sediment pore water of Lake Van (Turkey) allows straightforward reconstruction of two major transgressions and a major regression that occurred during the last 250 ka. We observed strong changes in the vertical salinity profiles of the pore water of the uppermost 100 m of the sediments in Lake Van. As the salinity balance of Lake Van is almost at steady-state, these salinity changes indicate major lake-level changes in the past. In line with previous studies on lake terraces and with seismic and sedimentological surveys, we identify two major transgressions of up to + 105 m with respect to the current lake level at about 135 ka BP and 248 ka BP starting at the onset of the two previous interglacials (MIS5e and MIS7), and a major regression of about -200 m at about 30 ka BP during the last ice age. Scientific Reports, 7 ISSN:2045-2322
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5428207Data sources: PubMed CentralAperta - TÜBİTAK Açık ArşiviOther literature type . 2017License: CC BYData sources: Aperta - TÜBİTAK Açık ArşiviBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41598-017-00371-w&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 2visibility views 2 download downloads 12 Powered bymore_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5428207Data sources: PubMed CentralAperta - TÜBİTAK Açık ArşiviOther literature type . 2017License: CC BYData sources: Aperta - TÜBİTAK Açık ArşiviBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41598-017-00371-w&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2013 United Kingdom, Switzerland, FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) James Hansen; Pushker Kharecha; Makiko Sato; Valérie Masson-Delmotte; Frank Ackerman; David J. Beerling; Paul J. Hearty; Ove Hoegh-Guldberg; Shi-Ling Hsu; Camille Parmesan; Johan Rockström; Eelco J. Rohling; Jeffrey D. Sachs; Pete Smith; Konrad Steffen; Lise Van Susteren; Karina von Schuckmann; James C Zachos;We assess climate impacts of global warming using ongoing observations and paleoclimate data. We use Earth’s measured energy imbalance, paleoclimate data, and simple representations of the global carbon cycle and temperature to define emission reductions needed to stabilize climate and avoid potentially disastrous impacts on today’s young people, future generations, and nature. A cumulative industrial-era limit of ∼500 GtC fossil fuel emissions and 100 GtC storage in the biosphere and soil would keep climate close to the Holocene range to which humanity and other species are adapted. Cumulative emissions of ∼1000 GtC, sometimes associated with 2°C global warming, would spur “slow” feedbacks and eventual warming of 3–4°C with disastrous consequences. Rapid emissions reduction is required to restore Earth’s energy balance and avoid ocean heat uptake that would practically guarantee irreversible effects. Continuation of high fossil fuel emissions, given current knowledge of the consequences, would be an act of extraordinary witting intergenerational injustice. Responsible policymaking requires a rising price on carbon emissions that would preclude emissions from most remaining coal and unconventional fossil fuels and phase down emissions from conventional fossil fuels. PLoS ONE, 8 (12) ISSN:1932-6203
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3849278Data sources: PubMed CentralArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2013Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-CEAArticle . 2013License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03208136/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 458 citations 458 popularity Top 0.1% influence Top 1% impulse Top 0.1% Powered by BIP!visibility 17visibility views 17 download downloads 8 Powered bymore_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3849278Data sources: PubMed CentralArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2013Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-CEAArticle . 2013License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03208136/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1371/journal.pone.0081648&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint , Other literature type , Article 2008 France, United Kingdom, SwitzerlandPublisher:Copernicus GmbH Authors: Gudmundsson, Hilmar; Raymond, M.;Gudmundsson, Hilmar; Raymond, M.;An optimal estimation method for simultaneously determining both basal slipperiness and basal topography from variations in surface flow velocity and topography along a flow line on ice streams and ice sheets is presented. We use Bayesian inference to update prior statistical estimates for basal topography and slipperiness using surface measurements along a flow line. Our main focus here is on how errors and spacing of surface data affect estimates of basal quantities and on possibly aliasing/mixing between basal slipperiness and basal topography. We find that the effects of spatial variations in basal topography and basal slipperiness on surface data can be accurately separated from each other, and mixing in retrieval does not pose a serious problem. For realistic surface data errors and density, small-amplitude perturbations in basal slipperiness can only be resolved for wavelengths larger than about 50 times the mean ice thickness. Bedrock topography is well resolved down to horizontal scale equal to about one ice thickness. Estimates of basal slipperiness are not significantly improved by accurate prior estimates of basal topography. However, retrieval of basal slipperiness is found to be highly sensitive to unmodelled errors in basal topography. The Cryosphere, 2 (2) ISSN:1994-0424 ISSN:1994-0416
CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationArticle . 2008Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-00298550/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/tcd-2-413-2008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 53 citations 53 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 3visibility views 3 download downloads 30 Powered bymore_vert CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationArticle . 2008Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-00298550/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/tcd-2-413-2008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Preprint 2015 Germany, Switzerland, France, United Kingdom, South AfricaPublisher:Copernicus GmbH Funded by:EC | CARBOCHANGE, EC | GREENCYCLESII, NSF | Collaborative Research: I...EC| CARBOCHANGE ,EC| GREENCYCLESII ,NSF| Collaborative Research: Improved Regional and Decadal Predictions of the Carbon CycleC. Laufkötter; M. Vogt; N. Gruber; M. Aita-Noguchi; O. Aumont; L. Bopp; E. Buitenhuis; S. C. Doney; J. Dunne; T. Hashioka; J. Hauck; T. Hirata; J. John; C. Le Quéré; I. D. Lima; H. Nakano; R. Seferian; I. Totterdell; M. Vichi; C. Völker;handle: 20.500.11850/108206 , 11427/34235
Past model studies have projected a global decrease in marine net primary production (NPP) over the 21st century, but these studies focused on the multi-model mean rather than on the large inter-model differences. Here, we analyze model-simulated changes in NPP for the 21st century under IPCC's high-emission scenario RCP8.5. We use a suite of nine coupled carbon–climate Earth system models with embedded marine ecosystem models and focus on the spread between the different models and the underlying reasons. Globally, NPP decreases in five out of the nine models over the course of the 21st century, while three show no significant trend and one even simulates an increase. The largest model spread occurs in the low latitudes (between 30° S and 30° N), with individual models simulating relative changes between −25 and +40 %. Of the seven models diagnosing a net decrease in NPP in the low latitudes, only three simulate this to be a consequence of the classical interpretation, i.e., a stronger nutrient limitation due to increased stratification leading to reduced phytoplankton growth. In the other four, warming-induced increases in phytoplankton growth outbalance the stronger nutrient limitation. However, temperature-driven increases in grazing and other loss processes cause a net decrease in phytoplankton biomass and reduce NPP despite higher growth rates. One model projects a strong increase in NPP in the low latitudes, caused by an intensification of the microbial loop, while NPP in the remaining model changes by less than 0.5 %. While models consistently project increases NPP in the Southern Ocean, the regional inter-model range is also very substantial. In most models, this increase in NPP is driven by temperature, but it is also modulated by changes in light, macronutrients and iron as well as grazing. Overall, current projections of future changes in global marine NPP are subject to large uncertainties and necessitate a dedicated and sustained effort to improve the models and the concepts and data that guide their development. Biogeosciences, 12 (23) ISSN:1726-4170
Mémoires en Sciences... arrow_drop_down University of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryElectronic Publication Information CenterArticle . 2015Data sources: Electronic Publication Information CenterArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2015Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2015Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/bgd-12-3731-2015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 22 citations 22 popularity Average influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 47visibility views 47 download downloads 242 Powered bymore_vert Mémoires en Sciences... arrow_drop_down University of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryElectronic Publication Information CenterArticle . 2015Data sources: Electronic Publication Information CenterArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2015Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2015Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/bgd-12-3731-2015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 Finland, SwitzerlandPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:SNSF | What drives the distribut..., EC | YMPACTSNSF| What drives the distribution of chemical fossils? Influence of microbial community dynamics on bacterial membrane lipid signatures. [MiCoDy-Lipids] ,EC| YMPACTRamos-Roman, Maria J.; De Jonge, Cindy; Magyari, Eniko; Veres, Daniel; Ilvonen, Liisa; Develle, Anne-Lise; Seppä, Heikki;To reconstruct changes in vegetation, temperature, and sediment geochemistry through the last 6.5 cal ka BP, in the Subcarpathian belt of the Eastern Carpathians (Romania), pollen, branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) and X-ray fluorescence analyses have been integrated. Pollen and brGDGTs (a bacterial lipid biomarker proxy) are used as paleothermometers for reconstructing the mean annual air temperature (MAAT) and mean temperature above freezing (MAF), respectively. Both proxies show roughly consistent records. The highest MAAT and MAF occurs during the oldest part of the record (from 6.5 to 4.2 cal ka BP), and the Middle to the Late Holocene shift is marked by a prominent decrease in temperature between 5.4 and 4.2 cal ka BP, coinciding with Bond event 4 and 3. This transition is coeval with a decrease in summer insolation, shift from consistent NAO-conditions to a predominance of NAO+ phase and coincides with the beginning of the Neoglacial cooling in northern latitudes. The warm bias in the MAF reconstruction during the Late Holocene is explained as a change in the lipid provenance or in the composition of the brGDGT producers after 4.2 cal ka BP. Global and Planetary Change, 215 ISSN:0921-8181
Global and Planetary... arrow_drop_down HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of HelsinkiArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedData sources: HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinkiadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 7 citations 7 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Global and Planetary... arrow_drop_down HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of HelsinkiArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedData sources: HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinkiadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Thesis 2004Embargo end date: 01 Jan 2004 Germany, Switzerland EnglishPublisher:ETH Zurich Authors: Müller, Wolfgang A.;Müller, Wolfgang A.;handle: 20.500.11850/148263
In this thesis a dynamical forecast approach is considered to evaluate the potential seasonal predictability in the European-Atlantic region with emphasis on the mean winter climate. Two state-of-the-art seasonal forecast systems are used, namely the Seasonal Forecast System 2 from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) and a multi-model system developed within the joint European project DEMETER (Development of a European Multi-Model Ensemble Prediction System for Seasonal to Interannual Prediction). The predictions are verified with the ERA-40 re-analysis data. Seasonal forecasts are probabilistic in nature and hence require verification techniques based on probabilistic skill measures. Here a multi-category skill score, namely the ranked probability skill score (RPSS) is applied. The RPSS is sensitive to the shape and the shift of the predicted probability density distribution. However, the RPSS shows a negative bias for ensemble systems with small ensemble sizes. It is shown that the negative bias can be attributed to a discretization and squaring error in the quadratic norm of the RPSS. In the following two strategies are explored to tackle this flaw. First, it is shown that the RPSSl=i based on the absolute rather than the squared norm is unbiased. Nevertheless, it is not strictly proper in a statistical sense. Second, an unbiased and strictly proper skill score can be defined based on the quadratic norm, along with the reference forecast reduced to sub-samples of the same size as the forecast ensemble size. This is denoted as the de-biased ranked probability skill score (RPSSd). Based on a hypothetical set up comparable to the ECMWF hindcast system (40 members, 15 hindcast years) the RPSSd is used to show, that statistically significant skill scores can only be found for climate anomalies with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than -0.3. Furthermore, the seasonal predictability is evaluated using a forecast approach (FA) based on 2m mean temperature predictions on grid-point scale for the years 1987-2001. The ECMWF Seasonal Forecast System 2 provides a marked improvement in skill relative to climatological forecasts over the North-Atlantic Ocean with maximum values of up to 30 %. Over Europe no significantly positive skill scores are found. The DEMETER multi-model has higher forecast skills than individual models. Moreover, the potential predictability is investigated applying a perfect model approach (PMA). Such approach assumes that the climate system is fully represented by the model physics. The potential winter predictability over the European continent amounts to approximately -10%. The 3r part of the thesis examines the potential seasonal predictability is examined via the leading mode of the European winter climate variability, namely the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The PMA shows that the mean winter NAO and the NAO temperature related impact is potentially predictable for lead time 1 month, but with a gain in skill of only -8 % compared to climatology. Using the FA, the results are quite different. For the period 1959-2001, the NAO skill score is not statistically significant, while the skill score is surprisingly large (16 % to 27 % relative to the observed climatology) for the period 1987-2001. For this period a weak relation between the strength of the NAO amplitude and the skill score of the NAO is found. This contrasts with ENSO variability where the amplitude dependent forecast skill is strong. Finally, the seasonal forecasts are examined from the end user's perspective. A so-called "Klimagram" is introduced to assess seasonal climate forecasts for particular cities or regions. A first analysis reveals that the forecast skills can be improved in a relative sense, looking at spatial and temporal averaged quantities. Overall, this study suggests a positive potential seasonal predictability in the European-Atlantic domain in winter. However, the potential benefit is rather small and constitutes a fraction only, compared to currently possible results in the tropics.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert OceanRep arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013 Switzerland, ItalyPublisher:Wiley Funded by:EC | BLUEGENICS, NIH | Biosynthetic Analysis of ..., EC | NATPHARMAEC| BLUEGENICS ,NIH| Biosynthetic Analysis of Marine Cyanobacterial Pathways ,EC| NATPHARMAGerardo Della Sala; Thomas Hochmuth; COSTANTINO, VALERIA; TETA, ROBERTA; William Gerwick; Lena Gerwick; J?rn Piel; MANGONI, ALFONSO;Sponge symbionts are a largely unexplored source of new and unusual metabolic pathways. Insights into the distribution and function of metabolic genes of sponge symbionts are crucial to dissect and exploit their biotechnological potential. Screening of the metagenome of the marine sponge Plakortis simplex led to the discovery of the swf family, a new group of mono-modular type I polyketide synthase/fatty acid synthase (PKS/FAS) specifically associated with sponge symbionts. Two different examples of the swf cluster were present in the metagenome of P. simplex. A third example of the cluster is present in the previously sequenced genome of a poribacterium from the sponge Aplysina aerophoba but was formerly considered orthologous to the wcb/rkp cluster. The swf cluster was also found in six additional species of sponges. Therefore, the swf cluster represents the second group of mono-modular PKS, after the supA family, to be widespread in marine sponges. The putative swf operon consists of swfA (type I PKS/FAS), swfB (reductase and sulphotransferase domains) and swfC (radical S-adenosylmethionine, or radical SAM). Activation of the acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain of the SwfA protein to its holo-form by co-expression with Svp is the first functional proof of swf type genes in marine sponges. However, the precise biosynthetic role of the swf clusters remains unknown. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 5 (6) ISSN:1758-2229
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3908369Data sources: PubMed CentralEnvironmental Microbiology ReportsArticle . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NC NDData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 25 citations 25 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3908369Data sources: PubMed CentralEnvironmental Microbiology ReportsArticle . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NC NDData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2018 SwitzerlandPublisher:Oxford University Press (OUP) Funded by:EC | CHLAFISHEC| CHLAFISHWeihong, Qi; Maria Chiara, Cascarano; Ralph, Schlapbach; Pantelis, Katharios; Lloyd, Vaughan; Helena M B, Seth-Smith;Endozoicomonas bacteria are generally beneficial symbionts of diverse marine invertebrates including reef-building corals, sponges, sea squirts, sea slugs, molluscs, and Bryozoans. In contrast, the recently reported Ca. Endozoicomonas cretensis was identified as a vertebrate pathogen, causing epitheliocystis in fish larvae resulting in massive mortality. Here, we described the Ca. E. cretensis draft genome, currently undergoing genome decay as evidenced by massive insertion sequence (IS element) expansion and pseudogene formation. Many of the insertion sequences are also predicted to carry outward-directed promoters, implying that they may be able to modulate the expression of neighbouring coding sequences (CDSs). Comparative genomic analysis has revealed many Ca. E. cretensis-specific CDSs, phage integration and novel gene families. Potential virulence related CDSs and machineries were identified in the genome, including secretion systems and related effector proteins, and systems related to biofilm formation and directed cell movement. Mucin degradation would be of importance to a fish pathogen, and many candidate CDSs associated with this pathway have been identified. The genome may reflect a bacterium in the process of changing niche from symbiont to pathogen, through expansion of virulence genes and some loss of metabolic capacity. Genome Biology and Evolution, 10 (6) ISSN:1759-6653
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2018Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6007542Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 13 citations 13 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2018Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6007542Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1093/gbe/evy092&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 United Kingdom, SwitzerlandPublisher:Frontiers Media SA Funded by:NSF | NSF-NERC: THwaites Offsho..., UKRI | NSFPLR-NERC: GHOST (Geoph...NSF| NSF-NERC: THwaites Offshore Research (THOR) ,UKRI| NSFPLR-NERC: GHOST (Geophysical Habitat of Subglacial Thwaites)A. P. Lepp; L. M. Simkins; J. B. Anderson; R. W. Clark; J. S. Wellner; C-D. Hillenbrand; J. A. Smith; A. A. Lehrmann; R. Totten; R. D. Larter; K. A. Hogan; F. O. Nitsche; A. G. C. Graham; L. Wacker;handle: 20.500.11850/554397
Subglacial meltwater drainage can enhance localized melting along grounding zones and beneath the ice shelves of marine-terminating glaciers. Efforts to constrain the evolution of subglacial hydrology and the resulting influence on ice stability in space and on decadal to millennial timescales are lacking. Here, we apply sedimentological, geochemical, and statistical methods to analyze sediment cores recovered offshore Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica to reconstruct meltwater drainage activity through the pre-satellite era. We find evidence for a long-lived subglacial hydrologic system beneath Thwaites Glacier and indications that meltwater plumes are the primary mechanism of sedimentation seaward of the glacier today. Detailed core stratigraphy revealed through computed tomography scanning captures variability in drainage styles and suggests greater magnitudes of sediment-laden meltwater have been delivered to the ocean in recent centuries compared to the past several thousand years. Fundamental similarities between meltwater plume deposits offshore Thwaites Glacier and those described in association with other Antarctic glacial systems imply widespread and similar subglacial hydrologic processes that occur independently of subglacial geology. In the context of Holocene changes to the Thwaites Glacier margin, it is likely that subglacial drainage enhanced submarine melt along the grounding zone and amplified ice-shelf melt driven by oceanic processes, consistent with observations of other West Antarctic glaciers today. This study highlights the necessity of accounting for the influence of subglacial hydrology on grounding-zone and ice-shelf melt in projections of future behavior of the Thwaites Glacier ice margin and marine-based glaciers around the Antarctic continent. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10 ISSN:2296-6463
NERC Open Research A... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 8 citations 8 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 117visibility views 117 download downloads 63 Powered bymore_vert NERC Open Research A... arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3389/feart.2022.863200&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2017 SwitzerlandPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:FCT | SFRH/BD/86118/2012FCT| SFRH/BD/86118/2012Authors: InĂŞs Fontes; Hanna Hartikainen; Chris F. Williams; Beth Okamura;InĂŞs Fontes; Hanna Hartikainen; Chris F. Williams; Beth Okamura;Background Persistent covert infections of the myxozoan, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, in primary invertebrate hosts (the freshwater bryozoan, Fredericella sultana) have been proposed to represent a reservoir for proliferative kidney disease in secondary fish hosts. However, we have limited understanding of how covert infections persist and vary in bryozoan populations over time and space and how they may impact these populations. In addition, previous studies have likely underestimated covert infection prevalence. To improve our understanding of the dynamics, impacts and implications of covert infections we employed a highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and undertook the first investigation of covert infections in the field over an annual period by sampling bryozoans every 45 days from three populations within each of three rivers. Results Covert infections persisted throughout the year and prevalence varied within and between rivers, but were often > 50%. Variation in temperature and water chemistry were linked with changes in prevalence in a manner consistent with the maintenance of covert infections during periods of low productivity and thus poor growth conditions for both bryozoans and T. bryosalmonae. The presence and increased severity of covert infections reduced host growth but only when bryozoans were also investing in the production of overwintering propagules (statoblasts). However, because statoblast production is transitory, this effect is unlikely to greatly impact the capacity of bryozoan populations to act as persistent sources of infections and hence potential disease outbreaks in farmed and wild fish populations. Conclusions We demonstrate that covert infections are widespread and persist over space and time in bryozoan populations. To our knowledge, this is the first long-term study of covert infections in a field setting. Review of the results of this and previous studies enables us to identify key questions related to the ecology and evolution of covert infection strategies and associated host-parasite interactions. Parasites & Vectors, 10 (1) ISSN:1756-3305
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5668978Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 13 citations 13 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5668978Data sources: PubMed Centraladd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1186/s13071-017-2495-8&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other literature type , Article 2017 SwitzerlandPublisher:Springer Science and Business Media LLC Funded by:EC | NOGOS, SNSF | The Swiss contribution to...EC| NOGOS ,SNSF| The Swiss contribution to the Lake Van Drilling Project: 500000 years of environmental and climate change in Eastern Anatolia (Drilling Costs)Yama Tomonaga; Matthias S. Brennwald; David M. Livingstone; Olga Kwiecien; Marie Ève Randlett; Mona Stockhecke; Katie Unwin; Flavio S. Anselmetti; Jürg Beer; Gerald H. Haug; Carsten J. Schubert; M. Sturm; Rolf Kipfer;In closed-basin lakes, sediment porewater salinity can potentially be used as a conservative tracer to reconstruct past fluctuations in lake level. However, until now, porewater salinity profiles did not allow quantitative estimates of past lake-level changes because, in contrast to the oceans, significant salinity changes (e.g., local concentration minima and maxima) had never been observed in lacustrine sediments. Here we show that the salinity measured in the sediment pore water of Lake Van (Turkey) allows straightforward reconstruction of two major transgressions and a major regression that occurred during the last 250 ka. We observed strong changes in the vertical salinity profiles of the pore water of the uppermost 100 m of the sediments in Lake Van. As the salinity balance of Lake Van is almost at steady-state, these salinity changes indicate major lake-level changes in the past. In line with previous studies on lake terraces and with seismic and sedimentological surveys, we identify two major transgressions of up to + 105 m with respect to the current lake level at about 135 ka BP and 248 ka BP starting at the onset of the two previous interglacials (MIS5e and MIS7), and a major regression of about -200 m at about 30 ka BP during the last ice age. Scientific Reports, 7 ISSN:2045-2322
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5428207Data sources: PubMed CentralAperta - TÜBİTAK Açık ArşiviOther literature type . 2017License: CC BYData sources: Aperta - TÜBİTAK Açık ArşiviBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 30 citations 30 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 2visibility views 2 download downloads 12 Powered bymore_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2017Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5428207Data sources: PubMed CentralAperta - TÜBİTAK Açık ArşiviOther literature type . 2017License: CC BYData sources: Aperta - TÜBİTAK Açık ArşiviBern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewedData sources: Bern Open Repository and Information System (BORIS)add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1038/s41598-017-00371-w&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type 2013 United Kingdom, Switzerland, FrancePublisher:Public Library of Science (PLoS) James Hansen; Pushker Kharecha; Makiko Sato; Valérie Masson-Delmotte; Frank Ackerman; David J. Beerling; Paul J. Hearty; Ove Hoegh-Guldberg; Shi-Ling Hsu; Camille Parmesan; Johan Rockström; Eelco J. Rohling; Jeffrey D. Sachs; Pete Smith; Konrad Steffen; Lise Van Susteren; Karina von Schuckmann; James C Zachos;We assess climate impacts of global warming using ongoing observations and paleoclimate data. We use Earth’s measured energy imbalance, paleoclimate data, and simple representations of the global carbon cycle and temperature to define emission reductions needed to stabilize climate and avoid potentially disastrous impacts on today’s young people, future generations, and nature. A cumulative industrial-era limit of ∼500 GtC fossil fuel emissions and 100 GtC storage in the biosphere and soil would keep climate close to the Holocene range to which humanity and other species are adapted. Cumulative emissions of ∼1000 GtC, sometimes associated with 2°C global warming, would spur “slow” feedbacks and eventual warming of 3–4°C with disastrous consequences. Rapid emissions reduction is required to restore Earth’s energy balance and avoid ocean heat uptake that would practically guarantee irreversible effects. Continuation of high fossil fuel emissions, given current knowledge of the consequences, would be an act of extraordinary witting intergenerational injustice. Responsible policymaking requires a rising price on carbon emissions that would preclude emissions from most remaining coal and unconventional fossil fuels and phase down emissions from conventional fossil fuels. PLoS ONE, 8 (12) ISSN:1932-6203
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3849278Data sources: PubMed CentralArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2013Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-CEAArticle . 2013License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03208136/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 458 citations 458 popularity Top 0.1% influence Top 1% impulse Top 0.1% Powered by BIP!visibility 17visibility views 17 download downloads 8 Powered bymore_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3849278Data sources: PubMed CentralArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2013Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerMémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication; HAL-CEAArticle . 2013License: CC BYFull-Text: https://hal.science/hal-03208136/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Preprint , Other literature type , Article 2008 France, United Kingdom, SwitzerlandPublisher:Copernicus GmbH Authors: Gudmundsson, Hilmar; Raymond, M.;Gudmundsson, Hilmar; Raymond, M.;An optimal estimation method for simultaneously determining both basal slipperiness and basal topography from variations in surface flow velocity and topography along a flow line on ice streams and ice sheets is presented. We use Bayesian inference to update prior statistical estimates for basal topography and slipperiness using surface measurements along a flow line. Our main focus here is on how errors and spacing of surface data affect estimates of basal quantities and on possibly aliasing/mixing between basal slipperiness and basal topography. We find that the effects of spatial variations in basal topography and basal slipperiness on surface data can be accurately separated from each other, and mixing in retrieval does not pose a serious problem. For realistic surface data errors and density, small-amplitude perturbations in basal slipperiness can only be resolved for wavelengths larger than about 50 times the mean ice thickness. Bedrock topography is well resolved down to horizontal scale equal to about one ice thickness. Estimates of basal slipperiness are not significantly improved by accurate prior estimates of basal topography. However, retrieval of basal slipperiness is found to be highly sensitive to unmodelled errors in basal topography. The Cryosphere, 2 (2) ISSN:1994-0424 ISSN:1994-0416
CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationArticle . 2008Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-00298550/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/tcd-2-413-2008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen gold 53 citations 53 popularity Top 10% influence Top 10% impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 3visibility views 3 download downloads 30 Powered bymore_vert CORE (RIOXX-UK Aggre... arrow_drop_down Mémoires en Sciences de l'Information et de la CommunicationArticle . 2008Full-Text: https://hal.science/hal-00298550/documentadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/tcd-2-413-2008&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Other literature type , Preprint 2015 Germany, Switzerland, France, United Kingdom, South AfricaPublisher:Copernicus GmbH Funded by:EC | CARBOCHANGE, EC | GREENCYCLESII, NSF | Collaborative Research: I...EC| CARBOCHANGE ,EC| GREENCYCLESII ,NSF| Collaborative Research: Improved Regional and Decadal Predictions of the Carbon CycleC. Laufkötter; M. Vogt; N. Gruber; M. Aita-Noguchi; O. Aumont; L. Bopp; E. Buitenhuis; S. C. Doney; J. Dunne; T. Hashioka; J. Hauck; T. Hirata; J. John; C. Le Quéré; I. D. Lima; H. Nakano; R. Seferian; I. Totterdell; M. Vichi; C. Völker;handle: 20.500.11850/108206 , 11427/34235
Past model studies have projected a global decrease in marine net primary production (NPP) over the 21st century, but these studies focused on the multi-model mean rather than on the large inter-model differences. Here, we analyze model-simulated changes in NPP for the 21st century under IPCC's high-emission scenario RCP8.5. We use a suite of nine coupled carbon–climate Earth system models with embedded marine ecosystem models and focus on the spread between the different models and the underlying reasons. Globally, NPP decreases in five out of the nine models over the course of the 21st century, while three show no significant trend and one even simulates an increase. The largest model spread occurs in the low latitudes (between 30° S and 30° N), with individual models simulating relative changes between −25 and +40 %. Of the seven models diagnosing a net decrease in NPP in the low latitudes, only three simulate this to be a consequence of the classical interpretation, i.e., a stronger nutrient limitation due to increased stratification leading to reduced phytoplankton growth. In the other four, warming-induced increases in phytoplankton growth outbalance the stronger nutrient limitation. However, temperature-driven increases in grazing and other loss processes cause a net decrease in phytoplankton biomass and reduce NPP despite higher growth rates. One model projects a strong increase in NPP in the low latitudes, caused by an intensification of the microbial loop, while NPP in the remaining model changes by less than 0.5 %. While models consistently project increases NPP in the Southern Ocean, the regional inter-model range is also very substantial. In most models, this increase in NPP is driven by temperature, but it is also modulated by changes in light, macronutrients and iron as well as grazing. Overall, current projections of future changes in global marine NPP are subject to large uncertainties and necessitate a dedicated and sustained effort to improve the models and the concepts and data that guide their development. Biogeosciences, 12 (23) ISSN:1726-4170
Mémoires en Sciences... arrow_drop_down University of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryElectronic Publication Information CenterArticle . 2015Data sources: Electronic Publication Information CenterArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2015Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2015Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/bgd-12-3731-2015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 22 citations 22 popularity Average influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!visibility 47visibility views 47 download downloads 242 Powered bymore_vert Mémoires en Sciences... arrow_drop_down University of East Anglia digital repositoryArticle . 2015 . Peer-reviewedData sources: University of East Anglia digital repositoryElectronic Publication Information CenterArticle . 2015Data sources: Electronic Publication Information CenterArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2015Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerArchiMer - Institutional Archive of IfremerOther literature type . 2015Data sources: ArchiMer - Institutional Archive of Ifremeradd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.5194/bgd-12-3731-2015&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2022 Finland, SwitzerlandPublisher:Elsevier BV Funded by:SNSF | What drives the distribut..., EC | YMPACTSNSF| What drives the distribution of chemical fossils? Influence of microbial community dynamics on bacterial membrane lipid signatures. [MiCoDy-Lipids] ,EC| YMPACTRamos-Roman, Maria J.; De Jonge, Cindy; Magyari, Eniko; Veres, Daniel; Ilvonen, Liisa; Develle, Anne-Lise; Seppä, Heikki;To reconstruct changes in vegetation, temperature, and sediment geochemistry through the last 6.5 cal ka BP, in the Subcarpathian belt of the Eastern Carpathians (Romania), pollen, branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) and X-ray fluorescence analyses have been integrated. Pollen and brGDGTs (a bacterial lipid biomarker proxy) are used as paleothermometers for reconstructing the mean annual air temperature (MAAT) and mean temperature above freezing (MAF), respectively. Both proxies show roughly consistent records. The highest MAAT and MAF occurs during the oldest part of the record (from 6.5 to 4.2 cal ka BP), and the Middle to the Late Holocene shift is marked by a prominent decrease in temperature between 5.4 and 4.2 cal ka BP, coinciding with Bond event 4 and 3. This transition is coeval with a decrease in summer insolation, shift from consistent NAO-conditions to a predominance of NAO+ phase and coincides with the beginning of the Neoglacial cooling in northern latitudes. The warm bias in the MAF reconstruction during the Late Holocene is explained as a change in the lipid provenance or in the composition of the brGDGT producers after 4.2 cal ka BP. Global and Planetary Change, 215 ISSN:0921-8181
Global and Planetary... arrow_drop_down HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of HelsinkiArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedData sources: HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinkiadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103859&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 7 citations 7 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Global and Planetary... arrow_drop_down HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of HelsinkiArticle . 2022 . Peer-reviewedData sources: HELDA - Digital Repository of the University of Helsinkiadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103859&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Thesis 2004Embargo end date: 01 Jan 2004 Germany, Switzerland EnglishPublisher:ETH Zurich Authors: Müller, Wolfgang A.;Müller, Wolfgang A.;handle: 20.500.11850/148263
In this thesis a dynamical forecast approach is considered to evaluate the potential seasonal predictability in the European-Atlantic region with emphasis on the mean winter climate. Two state-of-the-art seasonal forecast systems are used, namely the Seasonal Forecast System 2 from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) and a multi-model system developed within the joint European project DEMETER (Development of a European Multi-Model Ensemble Prediction System for Seasonal to Interannual Prediction). The predictions are verified with the ERA-40 re-analysis data. Seasonal forecasts are probabilistic in nature and hence require verification techniques based on probabilistic skill measures. Here a multi-category skill score, namely the ranked probability skill score (RPSS) is applied. The RPSS is sensitive to the shape and the shift of the predicted probability density distribution. However, the RPSS shows a negative bias for ensemble systems with small ensemble sizes. It is shown that the negative bias can be attributed to a discretization and squaring error in the quadratic norm of the RPSS. In the following two strategies are explored to tackle this flaw. First, it is shown that the RPSSl=i based on the absolute rather than the squared norm is unbiased. Nevertheless, it is not strictly proper in a statistical sense. Second, an unbiased and strictly proper skill score can be defined based on the quadratic norm, along with the reference forecast reduced to sub-samples of the same size as the forecast ensemble size. This is denoted as the de-biased ranked probability skill score (RPSSd). Based on a hypothetical set up comparable to the ECMWF hindcast system (40 members, 15 hindcast years) the RPSSd is used to show, that statistically significant skill scores can only be found for climate anomalies with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than -0.3. Furthermore, the seasonal predictability is evaluated using a forecast approach (FA) based on 2m mean temperature predictions on grid-point scale for the years 1987-2001. The ECMWF Seasonal Forecast System 2 provides a marked improvement in skill relative to climatological forecasts over the North-Atlantic Ocean with maximum values of up to 30 %. Over Europe no significantly positive skill scores are found. The DEMETER multi-model has higher forecast skills than individual models. Moreover, the potential predictability is investigated applying a perfect model approach (PMA). Such approach assumes that the climate system is fully represented by the model physics. The potential winter predictability over the European continent amounts to approximately -10%. The 3r part of the thesis examines the potential seasonal predictability is examined via the leading mode of the European winter climate variability, namely the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The PMA shows that the mean winter NAO and the NAO temperature related impact is potentially predictable for lead time 1 month, but with a gain in skill of only -8 % compared to climatology. Using the FA, the results are quite different. For the period 1959-2001, the NAO skill score is not statistically significant, while the skill score is surprisingly large (16 % to 27 % relative to the observed climatology) for the period 1987-2001. For this period a weak relation between the strength of the NAO amplitude and the skill score of the NAO is found. This contrasts with ENSO variability where the amplitude dependent forecast skill is strong. Finally, the seasonal forecasts are examined from the end user's perspective. A so-called "Klimagram" is introduced to assess seasonal climate forecasts for particular cities or regions. A first analysis reveals that the forecast skills can be improved in a relative sense, looking at spatial and temporal averaged quantities. Overall, this study suggests a positive potential seasonal predictability in the European-Atlantic domain in winter. However, the potential benefit is rather small and constitutes a fraction only, compared to currently possible results in the tropics.
OceanRep arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen 0 citations 0 popularity Average influence Average impulse Average Powered by BIP!more_vert OceanRep arrow_drop_down add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=10.3929/ethz-a-004828877&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 2013 Switzerland, ItalyPublisher:Wiley Funded by:EC | BLUEGENICS, NIH | Biosynthetic Analysis of ..., EC | NATPHARMAEC| BLUEGENICS ,NIH| Biosynthetic Analysis of Marine Cyanobacterial Pathways ,EC| NATPHARMAGerardo Della Sala; Thomas Hochmuth; COSTANTINO, VALERIA; TETA, ROBERTA; William Gerwick; Lena Gerwick; J?rn Piel; MANGONI, ALFONSO;Sponge symbionts are a largely unexplored source of new and unusual metabolic pathways. Insights into the distribution and function of metabolic genes of sponge symbionts are crucial to dissect and exploit their biotechnological potential. Screening of the metagenome of the marine sponge Plakortis simplex led to the discovery of the swf family, a new group of mono-modular type I polyketide synthase/fatty acid synthase (PKS/FAS) specifically associated with sponge symbionts. Two different examples of the swf cluster were present in the metagenome of P. simplex. A third example of the cluster is present in the previously sequenced genome of a poribacterium from the sponge Aplysina aerophoba but was formerly considered orthologous to the wcb/rkp cluster. The swf cluster was also found in six additional species of sponges. Therefore, the swf cluster represents the second group of mono-modular PKS, after the supA family, to be widespread in marine sponges. The putative swf operon consists of swfA (type I PKS/FAS), swfB (reductase and sulphotransferase domains) and swfC (radical S-adenosylmethionine, or radical SAM). Activation of the acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain of the SwfA protein to its holo-form by co-expression with Svp is the first functional proof of swf type genes in marine sponges. However, the precise biosynthetic role of the swf clusters remains unknown. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 5 (6) ISSN:1758-2229
Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3908369Data sources: PubMed CentralEnvironmental Microbiology ReportsArticle . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NC NDData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.euAccess RoutesGreen hybrid 25 citations 25 popularity Top 10% influence Average impulse Top 10% Powered by BIP!more_vert Europe PubMed Centra... arrow_drop_down Europe PubMed CentralArticle . 2013Full-Text: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3908369Data sources: PubMed CentralEnvironmental Microbiology ReportsArticle . 2013 . Peer-reviewedLicense: CC BY NC NDData sources: Crossrefadd ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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