Neurological diseases such as stroke are a growing disease or pathology in our society. Given that age is one of most confirmed risk factor for neurological disorders, the ageing of the EU population implies a growing number of persons at risk in the next years. Rehabilitation programs based on biomechanical technology systems (BTS) and virtual reality (VR) after stroke demonstrate a clear influence on the patient's functional improvement. Despite the therapeutic benefits and potential of these methodologies, it is undeniable that their applications are still limited to research, academicals scopes or private rehabilitation clinics. These therapies are mostly unknown by the majority of healthcare professionals. Taking into account such context of Brain4Train project the objective was defined as the development and implementation of an online free access course to assure medical specialist, mainly rehabilitators and physiotherapists, a worthy education and training regarding the applicability of BTS and VR in the treatment of patients after stroke. The project consortium was composed of four partners with interdisciplinary skills to guarantee the achievement of the project objective. Silesian University of Technology SUT (Poland), Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia IBV (Spain), Fondazione Politecnico di Milano FPM (Italy) were selected to provide the specialist and up-to-date knowledge for the course. FPM was the bridge between the project and a recognized university in biomechanical instrumentation and techniques and has extensive experience in development of online training courses using open source platforms. IBV is the European leading research center focused on biomechanics and its application in medicine. SUT employs biomedical experts conducting research based on VR and Interactive Technologies including “3D Cave”. This is a unique part of laboratory for VR enabling 3D projects interactive visualization with integrated motion capture system.The adaptation of the training contents to the requirements of professionals of rehabilitation medicine was assured with the participation of European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine ESPRM (Netherlands). ESPRM is an international and a referent institution which represents the rehabilitation field in Europe. Therefore, ESPRM played a key role in applicability of project results. The project lasted 2 years and was divided into 8 WPs. From WP1 to 5 the core of the project was carried out, corresponding to the development of training contents and validation of the online course on using innovative VR and BTS in rehabilitation of post-stroke patients. The work in these WPs resulted with the creation of three Intellectual Outputs IO: -IO1 VET Curriculum that aim was to develop specification and design of the whole model of the e-learning course and that is compatible with ECVET politics, -IO2 Online course integrated in the e-learning platform that aim was to elaborate training contents based on up-to-date knowledge of using VR and BTS for rehabilitation of post-stroke patients and that are available in different forms of representation. -IO3 Final version of the on line courses in English, Spanish, Italian and Polish, that aim was to translate training contents and make them available for a wide international audience.WP6 and 7 were dedicated to dissemination and exploitation of the results respectively. WP8 contained all the activities related to project management.Project results are enriching medical professionals on the optimization of rehabilitation processes in the functional and cognitive environments. This is allowing them to understand and increase the use of VR and BTS and make them capable to upgrade the current rehabilitation methodologies with the new technologies.Brain4train project has a great impact on neurological patients, giving them an opportunity to enhance motivation to perform excercises and perform tasks of daily living with both clinic assistant and at home. This increases the degree of functionality, independence and consequently the quality of life of these patients. Furthermore, promoting a web based open access on-line course complemented with the work-based learning and apprenticeship-type training contributes to get a better standardization and qualifications of target users. This will provide new employment opportunities for them. Bran4Train has positive impact in the participating organizations. The experience of participating in this project contributed to reinforce the internationalization strategy of all partners. Furthermore, partners strengthened their position on this particular field, acting as a reference centre on biomechanical technology and the application of virtual reality among stakeholders. By exploiting the online course, all partners increased and improved their training course portfolio, gaining visibility among target users and potential future customers.

The TEACH project has been conducted on the background of still relevant important socio-sanitary challenges along the 21th century that reflect following aspects: gradual ageing of the EU population; health problems affected elderly people to a greater extent; unhealthy lifestyle including sedentary lifestyle, sedentary working mode (that is especially visible within COVID 19 pandemic time) and so called Kinesiophobia. Improper lifestyle leads to mechanical overloads of the musculoskeletal system, followed by the formation of so-called pain syndromes, having negative repercussions on health of all people. In the same time a lack of European training standards of professionalization in the field of FE, ensuring maximum safety and high quality of therapies on the same level across Europe was the main context of undertaking the launch of TEACH project, that objective was to create an open, free of charge, international online training tool that could be the opportunity for health sciences students, teachers and professionals to gain comprehensive, holistic and up to date knowledge including theoretical and practical aspect of FE. Particularly, scientific and technical advances achieved in the field of FE related to biomechanical methodologies, advanced instrumented techniques and also social and mental contexts influencing on quality of life have become a revolution in the way practitioners identify, treat and assess many of the syndromes and pathologies with highest impact on daily living, wellbeing and people’s health. In order to prepare such interdisciplinary, comprehensive and effective training tool it was necessary to include participants those specializing in various areas of FE and education. Two of participants were academic: Silesian University of Technology (Poland) and Universidad de Valencia (Spain), one was research center: Institute of Biomechanics of Valencia (Spain) and one association: The Association of Medical Schools in Europe (Germany). The various and exceptional research and education experience gave the opportunity to contribute the project course by all of them in the best possible ways. All of participants contributed each activity that make up the two Intellectual Outcomes (IO) in the project. The first IO was to transfer of innovation, related to FE to the curricula for the next generation of graduates in health sciences. Particularly the curriculum includes: Course aim, Total amount of teaching hours, Modules, Target group definitions, Prerequisites for participation, Academic tutors profiles, Pedagogical resources, The procedure of assessment and examination, Technical infrastructure; and 4 modules (including thematic units) were incorporated into the course: MODULE BIOMECHANICS: FOUNDATIONS OF BIOMECHANICS APPLIED TO THE LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM; MODULE FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION: CONCEPT AND METHODOLOGY; MODULE BIOMECHANICS OF SPINE; MODULE BIOMECHANICS OF GAIT. Particularly the modules for curriculum were formulated according to detected needs of potential stakeholders: focus group session (in Poland, Germany and Spain) and questionnaire (104 responses from 12 different countries).The second IO included preparation of TEACH training contents in four languages: English, Polish, Spanish and German and implementation of them to multi-language free e-learning course available on https://teach.ibv.org/. The structure of the course include: Introductory presentation on each unit (power point/video); Theory material for the teacher (pdf/video); Self-assessment test for teacher (pdf, doc); Teacher's manual including a scenario for student activities (pdf, doc); Presentation for teacher to use in class with students (power point); Practice assignment form for students (pdf, doc).The project result that is the on-line course was used and validated by international stakeholders including 319 users from 11 different countries and 4 different continents representing both teachers and students of health sciences schools. Such interest in the course (already at the pilot stage) indicates that the subject matter of the course is needed and reflects great impact on education and future generations of people who will be cared by and well-educated professionals. Thanks to ME, Dissemination activities, great interesting of the online course that is interdisciplinary, the TEACH project can be also treated as a tool for stimulating the creating opportunities for improving the communication between universities, innovation sector, and health professionals. The project also contributes to the professional retraining of teachers, by giving them new quality training contents, in line the needs of the European continent in health field. Finally TEACH intends to homogenize best practices among European healthcare professionals. Thank to this it is possible to mitigate differences between member countries and it helps them to share a common knowledge and methodologies to face common challenges.

Presently, there is an increasing trend in the world population over 65 years, especially in Europe, which implies an increase in the number of detected cases of frailty and falls. Frailty is a multifactorial problem and people with frailty need simultaneous, coordinated, and stable health and social care, adjusted to the principle of continuity of care. The models of social healthcare generate a social and economic problem that is necessary and urgent to address. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), prevention strategies to be adopted by health systems should be aimed at the identification of risk factors, since one in three older adults suffers at least one fall per year, constituting one of the main geriatric syndromes and the second world cause of accidental or unintentional death. A fall also implies a deterioration in the autonomy of the elderly, decreasing their quality of life and that of their social environment, increasing their frailty. Despite the benefits and potential of biomechanical technologies to improve the assessment of frailty and risk of falling of elder people, it is undeniable that their applications are still limited to research and academic scopes. Experts have not brought down the technical and methodological barriers yet, being these methodologies mostly unknown by the majority of students of medicine and healthcare professionals. The aim of this project was the development and implementation of an online free access course to assure students, specialists, and professionals of medicine, who want to improve their skills, a worthy education and training regarding the applicability of biomechanical technology in the context of treatment of frailty and, especially, to reduce the number of falls in advanced aging people. The consortium of this project is composed of four partners with interdisciplinary skills to guarantee the achievement of the project goals. The University of Lisbon (UL), the Instituto de Biomecánica de València (IBV), and the Istituto Nazionale di Riposo e Cura per Anziani (INRCA) will guarantee access to the main body of knowledge of the course. UL is a recognized university with extensive experience in pedagogic elaboration and adaptation of formative contents for the development of online training courses using open-source platforms. IBV is a European leading research center focused on biomechanics and its application in medicine. INRCA is a research institution on aging that has education and translation of research output in clinical practice among its missions. The adaptation of the training contents to the requirements of project key stakeholders is assured with the participation of the European General Practice Research Network (EGPRN). EGPRN is an international reference institution that represents Primary Attention Medicine in Europe. Therefore, EGPRN will play a key role in the harmonization of contents, scopes, and applicability of project results. The consortium was also assembled considering the experience and capabilities for EU-wide dissemination. All partners are experienced in dissemination activities at the national and international levels. The project spanned for 2 years and all the tasks were developed and implemented under the scope of three Intellectual Outputs: - O1. Curriculum of the Fall-In-Age course. - O2. Pilot Course integrated in the e-learning platform. - O3. Final version of the online courses in English, Portuguese, Spanish, and Italian. Project results are to enrich medical students and professionals on the optimization of assessment processes of frailty and risk of falling in older people. This allows them to increase the use of current biomechanical-based technologies, which, consequently, leads to an upgrade in current prevention methodologies. Furthermore, promoting a web-based open access online course, complemented with work-based learning and apprenticeship-type training, contributes to a better standardization and qualification of target users, which, ultimately, provides them with new employment opportunities. The project had also a positive impact on the participating organizations. The experience of participating in this project contributed to the reinforcement of the internationalization strategy of all partners. Partners strengthen their position in this field, acting as a reference center on the application of biomechanical technologies among stakeholders. By exploiting the online course, all partners can increase and improve their training course portfolio, gaining visibility among target users and potential future customers. But, above all, this project's most positive impact is, undoubtedly, on the group of elderly people, as the improvement of the methodologies for the prevention of frailty and reducing the risk of falling certainly results in the improvement of the independence and quality of life of these people.

Future factories need to apply a human-centered approach to increase their flexibility, agility and competitiveness. The workplaces of the future must put people at the center and make the most of their tastes, knowledge, skills and cultural backgrounds throughout life.The goal of the TRAIN4HCWORK project is to introduce the concept of human-centered design in industry and workplaces. For this, the channel chosen has been the development of an online course on people-centered workplace design. In this course knowledge of ergonomics, anthropometry, adaptation of demands to capacities, mental load, environmental conditions and productivity are integrated.The project consortium has been made up of five partners.IBV (Technological Center) has been the Project Coordinator. He has extensive experience in coordinating European projects, including Erasmus projects. It is also an international reference center in the areas of ergonomics and occupational health.IAD (University Center) has consolidated R&D areas of expertise in production ergonomics, work design, and provides extensive experience in integrating ergonomics and time-measurement methods in industrial practice.FEES (Network of European Ergonomics Associations), with this project seeks to contribute to the development and improvement of education in ergonomics in Europe, benefiting the training in the sector, of its current and future partners.UGA (University Center) As a reference educational center, it has extensive experience in the design of pedagogical methodology and validation of online courses.Structo (Company of the sector) throughout the project providing the point of view of engineering companies and end users.The project development process has followed the following technical phases and tasks: WP2. Definition of the study plan. Through the collection of information from key profiles of the sector and experts. WP3. Development of training content in English. Based on the defined study plan. WP4. Development of the e-learning course in English (1st version). Development and implementation of a functional pilot version of the course. WP5. Course validation and lessons learned. Teaching, monitoring, monitoring and collecting information on the pilot version of the course for its subsequent analysis and validation. WP6. Development and implementation of the final version of the course. With the results of the validation, implementation of improvements in the training content,In addition, permanent management, dissemination and exploitation tasks have been carried out throughout the project, in which all the project partners have intervened to a greater or lesser extent.The main results obtained in the project have been:Three free and open access intellectual products: IO1 Study plan. IO2 Online course in English. IO3. Online courses in French, German and Spanish.Two multiplier events:ME1. Dissemination of training content in a workshop at IAD ME2. Dissemination of the final version of the e-learning course in an IBV workshop.Four complementary resultsAR1. Training requirements based on information from end users. AR2. Prototype of the online course, ready to be tested in pilot validations. AR3. Validation of the online course through a pilot course. Report with the feedback of the voluntary users of the pilot course. AR4. Dissemination activities throughout the project.In addition, an exploitation agreement has been developed to ensure the sustainability of the project once it has been completed. The results will contribute to the impacts: • Impact on knowledge, Applying the human-centered approach in the design of workplaces. • Impact on the awareness of key actors for the implementation of this approach in the factories of the future. • Impact of a recognition of this course as accredited within the formal education of the sector.

According to data gathered in ‘The Orthopaedic Industry Annual Report: 2009-2010’, nearly 2.9 million joint replacement procedures took place worldwide in 2009, being more than 1.4 million corresponding to hip (in Europe around 800,000 individuals suffer a hip fracture each year). Spine procedures volume exceeds 2.8 million worlwide in the same year (estimating that roughly 60% correspond to Europe). Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a task with high physical and mental demands; surgeons have to perform high-force as well as high-precision tasks in combination with multimodal information processing. This leads to muscle overload and to physical and mental fatigue (causing severe musculoskeletal disorders with progressing working life) and to higher risk for human error and for inefficiencies in operations. Therefore, the implementation of ergonomic criteria in the design of working tools and of a suitable operating room environment is essential to improve efficiency, safety, and comfort for the operating team.The objective of Train4OrthoMIS is the development of contents in ergonomics and usability applied to the design of job tasks in orthopaedic MIS of hip and spine and their implementation in an online course, to assure surgeons a worthy education and training along their professional career. The e-learning tool will be available in four European languages (English, Spanish, Polish and German).Target groups in the project are orthopaedic MIS surgeons and assistants (e.g. nurses) and medical students interested in acquiring ergonomic and usability skills associated with MIS techniques as a formative process. On the one hand, the new developed materials will provide orthopaedic MIS surgeons and assistants with in-depth knowledge of the interaction with the working environment and surgical instruments, as well as postural hygiene during different kinds of surgery, thus (i) avoiding musculoskeleal diseases that currently affect them, and (ii) increasing at the same time their labour efficiency by reducing aches/fatigue and operating times. Moreover, these specialized training contents will lead them to (iii) upgrade their professional curriculum -facilitating promotion/advancement in their labour career- and (iv) be positioned as prescribers of ergonomics and usability. On the other hand, medical students will have (i) direct access to a unique specialization in a methodology which offers high future expectations, allowing a clear academic differentiation in the current highly competitive labour market. At the same time, students will be also (ii) rewarded by means of an academic accreditation, this way obtaining a key recognition and push in their learning.Train4OrthoMIS consortium (IBV, BGU-MURNAU, CCMIJU, KOMAG, SUT) has been set up to guarantee the success of the action and its valorisation beyond the project duration, assuring: (i) Representativeness of and access to the heterogeneous group of end-user profiles, both for gathering training needs and for validation of the new VET course at European level. (ii) Access to background knowledge of the course and capability for developing training materials. (iii) Experience in the setting up of on-line VET learning courses. (iv) Exploitation capabilities beyond the project duration. (v) Experience and capabilities for EU-wide dissemination. (vi) Recognition of the informal training proposed at academic level. Intellectual Outputs planned for Train4OrthoMIS project are the following:O1. Training needs in MIS orthopaedic surgery ergonomics for surgeons.O2. VET curriculum of the Train4OrthoMIS.O3. Complete materials and contents of the course.O4. First prototype of the e-learning course.O5. Pilot test report.O6. Final version of the e-learning course.The consortium will not apply any access restriction to contents. There are a project website available where training contents developed throughout the project are accessible. http://train4orthomis.eu/index.php/2-uncategorised/32-course