PJ.05-W2 Digital technologies for Tower - SESAR-IR-VLD-WAVE2-05-2019 deals with two main technical work packages: WP2: "Multiple Remote Tower and Remote Tower centre" and WP3: "HMI Interaction modes for Airport Tower". 14 SESAR members (in sum 31 legal beneficiaries) showed interest in this project. For WP2 cost-effectiveness is the principal key performance area (KPA). It proposes the development of a remotely provided aerodrome air traffic service by a "multiple" and/or "center" setting. Those settings help to combine ATS services from various aerodromes in a centralized control room independent on airport location in order to make use of the valuable resource ATS provider more efficiently. In the end, the passengers will benefit from by a better passenger comfort in terms of shorter travel times and better point to point connections. PJ.05-W2 will bring the multiple/center concept to such a matured level ready for industrialization. PJ.05-W2 WP3 aims to validate, in different Airport operating environments, innovative HMI modes and associated technologies. Those solutions are expected to positively contribute to the Safety and HP KPAs with reduced Controllers’ head down time and workload, as well as increased situation awareness and controllers' productivity. The PJ05-W2 DTT attracted plenty of European organisations to participate: ANSPs, industries, R&D and airport stakeholder intends to provide their specific competences to broaden the operational needs and technological expertises. The PJ.05-W2 variety of partners and validation activities will help to adequately reflect the variety of operational needs and technical solutions which in the end of the project will consolidate into a harmonized and widely accepted SESAR2020 PJ05 solution. The complete work is structured in a very collaborative way throughout all work packages and will ensure the transfer of knowledge and know-how between all participants and external to SESAR2020 projects.

Emissions from aircraft have adverse effects on the air quality in and around airports, contributing to public health concerns within neighboring communities. AVIATOR will adopt a multi-level measurement, modelling and assessment approach to develop an improved description and quantification of the relevant aircraft engine emissions, and their impact on air quality under different climatic conditions. Engine particulate and gaseous emissions in a test cell and on-wing from an in-service aircraft will be measured to determine pollutant plume evolution from the engine and APU exhaust. This will provide an enhanced understanding of primary emitted pollutants, specifically the nvPM and vPM (down to 10nm), and the scalability between the regulatory test cell and real environments. AVIATOR will develop and deploy across multiple airports, a proof-of-concept low cost sensor network for the monitoring of UFP, PM and gaseous species such as NOx and SOx, across airport and surrounding communities. Transport and impact of emissions from aircraft engines and APU will be monitored in this more complex environment through high fidelity and sensor measurements. Campaigns will be complemented by high-fidelity modelling of aircraft exhaust dynamics, microphysical and chemical processes within the plume. CFD, box, and airport air quality models will be applied, providing validated parameterizations of the relevant processes, applicable to standard dispersion modelling on the local scale. Working with the regulatory community, AVIATOR will develop improved guidance on measuring and modelling the impact of aircraft emissions with specific reference to UFP. Acknowledging the uncertainty surrounding health impacts of UFP, AVIATOR will work with the public health community to develop methodologies for the representative sampling of aircraft emissions. AVIATOR will provide airports and regulators with tools and guidance to improve the assessment of air quality in and around airports.

The need for European airports to become more operationally efficient is fundamental as Airport Council International forecasts that passenger numbers across the continent will rise an average of 3.3% per annum to reach 3.9 billion by 2036. PJ04-W2 will develop concepts, tools and procedures to increase the predictability and resilience of airport operations, improving the punctuality of flights in a safe and environmentally sustainable manner. The aim will be to improve airport/network integration for large and medium/regional airports, improve airport airside/landside integration, reduce the impact of MET aspects on airport operations, make further investigations about how environmental aspects could be monitored and managed in day-to-day airport operations. This will be achieved through increasing the coordination between Airport and the Network, validating the concept of regional connected airports. On the airport side, the project will have a focus on the airport hypervision concept, and how airport operations could be better predicted with anticipated impact, managed in a pro-active way and synchronised in various situations. This includes the development of performance and role-based dashboards as well as what-if, prediction and impact assessment tools. Here data-driven airport operations management and digital technologies are required enablers, as connected, data-based, intelligent toolboxes supporting all airport stakeholders must be developed. To ensure that full benefits are achieved and that the expected performance improvements are realised in the context of overall ATM Network, close coordination will take place with other projects, particularly those addressing network management, airport airside and runway throughput, enhanced arrivals and departures as well as the overall integration within the programme.

Why ? : Airport Operations Management in SESAR1 promoted enhanced situational awareness via the Airport Operations Plan (AOP) whilst reinforcing the collaborative decision making process through the Airport Operations Centre (APOC). Validation activities stressed the need to further develop the Performance Monitoring and Management services promoting the evolution from a reactive (“firefighting”) approach toward one of pro-active collaborative decision making. Impact : Includes the evolution toward a “performance-driven” airport through holistic monitoring of demand and capacity. Decision making will be based on more reliable information with enhanced decision impact assessment. Expected is an increase in the predictability, flexibility and efficiency of airport operations as well as increased resilience through shorter recovery to normal operations. Focus : PJ04 is articulated around two ‘SESAR Solutions’, emphasising all of the key airport processes. Integration of airports into the ATM network will be addressed through sharing information in a timely manner between the Network Operations Plan and the individual AOPs using SWIM technology. Who ?: PJ04 unites key European aviation industry partners combining the right expertise to address these challenges and to drive deployment of validated improvements. Benefits : As clients of airport services, airlines will benefit from enhanced operational efficiency. For passengers, benefits will be tangible. Information available will be of high quality and the more efficient use of airport resources will lead to enhanced service quality. EU Strategic : PJ04 will focus on a range of different airport complexity levels developing scalable and cost-effective solutions, optimising both the local benefits and those for the European network. Societal concerns will be addressed by ensuring that environmental mitigation measures and impact are included in the airport performance "trade off".

The expected rapid growth in air traffic will lead to an increasing number of capacity constrained airports. Therefore airports have to improve significantly the runway and airport throughput while maintaining or increasing runway safety levels. In SESAR 2020 WAVE-1 this was mainly addressed by PJ02 with the four solutions: PJ.02-01: Wake turbulence separation optimisation PJ.02-02: Enhanced arrival procedures PJ.02-03: Minimum Pair Separations based on required surveillance performance PJ.02-08: Traffic optimisation on single and multiple runway airports This VLD covers four solutions: The use of aircraft type-specific pairwise separation will be used at Heathrow Airport, focusing on the runway occupancy time part of the overall TBS concept. At Vienna, the use of a wake decay enhancing device is intended to be demonstrated. There will be a demonstration at Zurich Airport of a concept known as ROCAT, which enables a reduction in the surveillance separation minimum for in-trail pairs on final approach, including a revised runway occupancy time aircraft classification. The benefits of an integrated AMAN-DMAN runway sequencer will be demonstrated at Stockholm Arlanda in shadow mode. Together these demonstrations will collect evidence of the concept(s) within the overall time-based separation concept. As such the proposed large scale demo VLD3-W2 SORT closes the gap between the actual concept development and the deployment (or pre-industrialization) phases by demonstrating the operational and technical readiness. And by doing so de-risking the later deployment phases of these four solutions, either in real life trials and/or shadow modes trials at major European airports, this will ensure trust in the SESAR results.