The Quantum Secure Networks Partnership (QSNP) project aims at creating a sustainable European ecosystem in quantum cryptography and communication. A majority of its partners, which include world-leading academic groups, research and technology organizations (RTOs), quantum component and system spin-offs, cybersecurity providers, integrators, and telecommunication operators, were members of the European Quantum Flagship projects CIVIQ, UNIQORN and QRANGE. QSNP thus gathers the know-how and expertise from all technology development phases, ranging from innovative designs to development of prototypes for field trials. QSNP is structured around three main Science and Technology (ST) pillars. The first two pillars, “Next Generation Protocols” and “Integration”, focus on frontier research and innovation, led mostly by academic partners and RTOs. The third ST pillar “Use cases and Applications” aims at expanding the industrial and economic impact of QSN technologies and is mostly driven by companies. In order to achieve the specific objectives within each pillar and ensure that know-how transfer and synergy between them are coherent and effective, QSNP has established ST activities corresponding to the three main layers of the technology value chain, “Components and Systems”, “Networks” and “Cryptography and Security”. This framework will allow achieving the ultimate objective of developing quantum communication technology for critical European infrastructures, such as EuroQCI, as well as for the private information and communication technology (ICT) sectors. QSNP will contribute to the European sovereignty in quantum technology for cybersecurity. Additionally, it will generate significant economic benefits to the whole society, including training new generations of scientists and engineers, as well as creating high-tech jobs in the rapidly growing quantum industry.

Quantum communication is recognised as one of the pillars for the second quantum revolution thanks to its unique potential for information-theoretical data security. Turning this promise into tangible assets depends however, on the availability of high-performance, compact and cost-effective modules for practical implementations. UNIQORN is a well-orchestrated design and manufacturing framework aiming to advance the quantum communication technology for DV and CV systems by carefully laying out each element along the development chain from fabrication to application. Component-wise, UNIQORN will leverage the monolithic integration potential of InP platform, the flexibility of polymer platform and low-cost assembly techniques to develop quantum system-on-chip modules in a cheap, scalable and reproducible way. UNIQORN will deliver bright (10M pairs/s/mW/THz) heralded, entangled and squeezed light sources with 70-fold size reduction and almost 90% cost savings, room-temperature arrayed SPADs and a 10-GHz CV receiver with low-noise TIAs. Fully functional systems based on these assets will include: (i) a network adapter card with integrated real-time QRNG engine, (ii) the first DPS transmitter as pluggable SFP module for low-cost 1-kb/s QKD, and (iii) novel oblivious transfer and quantum FPGA systems. Network-integration and system evaluation in real fibre networks will be enabled by quantum-aware software defined networking and field trials in the live Smart-City demonstrator Bristol-is-Open. The power of the developed ecosystem will be also validated by pushing current QKD-centric work into higher grounds, and demonstrating one-time programs and secure database access through oblivious transfer. The trans-disciplinary approach of UNIQORN brings together leading European players from quantum optics and photonics enabling to move from lab science to field deployment and bridge the quantum divide between large (governmental) and small (residential) end-users.

ELENA will develop the first European lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) PIC platform, accessible to all interested entities in the form of an open foundry service. Lithium niobate (LiN) is one of the most promising emerging materials for PICs that comprises a unique set of interesting optical properties: a high electo-optic (EO) coefficient, a high intrinsic second-order nonlinearity, and a large transparency window. The focus of ELENA will be on developing 5 advanced photonic building blocks (BBs) which exploit the unique properties of LiN to enable novel functionalities in PIC (e.g. wavelength conversion and parametric gain) and to improve the existing ones (e.g. faster, more energy-efficient EO modulators). These BBs will be a part of comprehensive PDK library that will be accessible to entities outside of the consortium. ELENA’s approach will enable reliable monolithic integration of the LiN BBs to implement complex functionalities with better sensitivity, higher energy efficiency, faster speed and increased chip density. ELENA’s technologies will be applicable to a broad range of applications from telecom to LIDAR, quantum technologies and space. Moreover, ELENA’s ambition is to establish the key steps of a fully European supply chain to support the LiN platform. This include activities such as • Establish a process to produce 150mm optical grade LNOI wafers on an industrial scale • Develop a reliable and flexible packaging solution to interface LiN chips with optical fibers and other PIC platforms • Demonstrate the technology and validate the results by developing 4 PIC prototypes designed by 3 “end-user” partners covering fields of telecom, quantum technologies and microwave photonics The ELENA project (42 months, €5M) with a consortium of 3 RTDs , 3 large industrials and 3 SMEs contains all the necessary competencies to reduce the R&D costs of advanced PICs and implement the key aspects of a value chain for a sustainable LiN based PIC industry in Europe