Several European flagship projects have emerged towards European sovereignty in chip design and computing infrastructure. Among them, the EU Processor Initiative (EPI) spearheads the development of the first EU processor. To ensure the successful integration of the EU processor into the cloud computing ecosystem and strengthen even more EU data sovereignty, it is necessary to develop the software support at the same pace with the hardware development. The harmonic relationship of the developed software and hardware is of paramount importance in order to establish an EU cloud platform able to compete with the mainstream solutions which are currently delivered by US companies. AERO aims to upbring and optimize an open-source software ecosystem that encompasses a wide range of software components ranging from operating systems to compilers, runtimes, system software and auxiliary software deployment services for cloud computing. The AERO software stack combines the aforementioned software components with novel software and hardware interfaces as a means to seamlessly exploit the heterogeneity aspects of the EU processor with regards to high performance, energy efficiency, and security. The ultimate objective of AERO is to facilitate easy migration of existing cloud customers to a cloud infrastructure that harnesses the capabilities of the EU processor. To showcase early adoption and the potential business value, the developed software and hardware technologies will be piloted by use cases representative of important EU industrial domains, such as automotive and space exploration.

ELEGANT aims to solve the ever-increasing problem of software fragmentation in the IoT/Big Data interoperability domain. Software fragmentation prohibits the unification of these two ecosystems severely limiting the ability to regard them as a single system and tune the whole infrastructure towards defining its a) Performance, b) Energy Efficiency, c) Security, d) Reliability, and d) Dependability (PESRD) requirements. ELEGANT proposes a novel software programming paradigm, along with an associated set of methodologies and toolchains, to program IoT and Big Data frameworks using a unified programming framework. Its key proposed innovations in the areas of: a) Light-weight application virtualization, b) Automatic code extraction compatible with both IoT and Big Data frameworks, c) AI-assisted Intelligent Orchestration, d) dynamic code motion, and e) advanced code verification and cybersecurity mechanisms, will enable the seamless operation of end-to-end IoT/Big Data complex systems. This way, users employing the ELEGANT software stack and methodologies will be able to seamlessly define the pareto-optimal point in the PESRD optimization space while the entire system will be able to dynamically adjust itself during execution. To achieve its ambitious goals, ELEGANT assembles a consortium of experts across all domains ranging from low-level system software, IoT, Big Data, AI-assisted scheduling, and DevOps. Finally, the proposed solutions will be evaluated against pre-defined KPIs across a wide range of operational use cases from four distinct domains: health, automotive, smart metering, and video surveillance.

Security of open-source solutions in the business interconnected market (especially in IoT where a single product may include components from various Tier 1 or OEM manufacturers) is hard to assure. OEM SW/HW developers that employ open-source solutions must assume that any component provided by 3rd parties needs to be reassessed for security as there is not holistic security auditing/testing process to cover the full production line. The plethora of open-source HW/SW solutions on devices with constrained resources and no trusted environments leads to a considerably expanded threat landscape. The restricted execution environment reduces bootstrapping new devices in an IoT network and deploying/patching them securely; and the full DevSecOps of connected device open-source HW/SW must be reformulated offering security guarantees on the usage of open-source solutions. SecOPERA will provide a one stop hub for complex OSS/OSH solutions offering to designers, implementers, operators and open-source HW/SW developers the means to analyse, assess, secure/harden and share open-source solutions as these are integrated in an overall complex product within a networked connected environment. SecOPERA provides a framework supporting the open source DevSecOps lifecycle that comprises (i) a decomposition and security audit/testing engine that analyses open source solutions (OSS/OSH) (ii) an adaptation engine that debloats OSS/OSH code to remove unrelated open-source code and reduce the code attack surface; and a security enhancement process to harden the OSS/OSH solution (iii) an updating/patching mechanism so that the SecOPERA open-source flows remain secure even if their open-source code starting points are vulnerable. On top of that, SecOPERA hub provides (iv) an open-source repository for secure modules that is used in the security enhancement mechanism of open-source solutions; and (v) an open-source repository of security hardened OSS/OSH solutions and their security guarantees.

Electrification and autonomy drive the rapid evolution of modern vehicles, requiring increasing computational capabilities, coupled with safety and efficiency. The classical, decentralized multi- Electronic Control Units (ECU) architecture has significant drawbacks when it comes to scalability, and it is becoming untenable. The dominant megatrend pushes for an increasing number of key functionalities to be software-defined, with the direct implication that the software content (lines-of-code) in a vehicle will grow by 10x in just 5 years, to 1 billion by 2030. From a hardware viewpoint, increased complexity and autonomy requires a more centralized approach to on-board computing to curtail cost, latency and bandwidth bottlenecks of the in-vehicle network. Centralizing the E/E architecture requires merging multiple Electronic Control Units (ECUs) into powerful, fully programmable Domain Control Units (DCUs) or Zonal Control Units (ZCUs). To address this paradigm shift, the Rigoletto project will establish the foundation for a next-generation Automotive Hardware Platform based on the open RISC-V instruction set architecture (ISA), bolstering and securing Europe's leading role in the automotive electronics industry. The project aligns with the high-level goal of EU Chips Joint Undertaking and the of the industry-led Vehicle of the Future initiative: namely, the creation of a RISC-V based automotive hardware platform strongly linked with the formation of an open, software-defined vehicle ecosystem led by European automotive manufacturers and suppliers. Rigoletto aims at developing RISC-V intellectual property (IP) components, including processor cores, accelerators, interconnects, memory hierarchy and peripheral subsystems. A wide range of performance profiles will be targeted for next-generation DCUs and ZCUs, to enable increasingly electrified, automated, and connected vehicles.

The Shift2SDV project aims to revolutionize the European automotive domain by creation of an SDV ecosystem around middleware & API framework enabling collaboration across the automotive value chain. This ambitious endeavour envisions a comprehensive shift towards a modular framework that transcends the limitations of current monolithic systems, fostering agility and innovation through the development of complementary middleware services and software development solutions. Central to Shift2SDV is the development of a cutting-edge middleware framework that provides micro-services to build automotive applications upon, abstracting from underlying hardware components – supporting stepwise migration, open source and proprietary components, in-vehicle safety critical and off-vehicle cloud functionality. It is specifically designed to streamline software development and integration while ensuring compatibility and flexibility with existing and emerging technologies. Key technical objectives include the development of a modern, flexible micro-services-based architecture, middleware framework that simplifies the brand-specific application development, and establishment of a safe and secure system architecture compliant with functional safety standards. Additionally, the project aims to develop an orchestration for efficient resource management, integrate edge and cloud computing, and demonstrate the practical viability of the developed middleware through concrete use cases. To maximize impact, Shift2SDV prioritizes active communication, dissemination, and exploitation of project outcomes, fostering collaboration among stakeholders and existing projects and initiatives aligning technological advancements with market demands. Through these concerted efforts, Shift2SDV seeks to propel European leadership in Software Defined Vehicles, driving innovation and economic growth in the automotive industry.