While Romani communities have traditionally practiced many of the behaviours that are currently being suggested to address the environmental crises, there has been very little acknowledgement of this or investigation into what we can learn from these practices for incorporating into our cultures, governance and economies. This project is novel in its practical and theoretical focus on how Romani knowledge and practices, until now rendered largely invisible from mainstream eco-discourse, might provide lessons and insights into how to live more sustainably without compromising sociability, creativity or cultural pleasure. Romani people are often portrayed as the source of environmental degradation (Dunajeva & Kostka, 2022) and may experience 'environmental racism' (Heidegger and Wiese, 2020). In the midst of this exclusion and stigmatisation, their centuries-old traditions and knowledge on sustainability have been made invisible. The Gypsies Forging Sustainable Futures project draws on oral history and artwork to identify, highlight and amplify these sustainability practices and perspectives. We are a partnership of the Gypsy Media Company; Friends Families and Travellers; Hermandad Gitana de Almeria (Gypsy Brother/Sisterhood of Almeria); Ando Glaso; University of Glasgow; Coventry University and the University of Almeria. We will create a Romani metalwork sculpture and two dance events that represent the sustainability traditions and everyday practices of Roma and Romany Gypsy communities in the three constituent countries - England, Scotland and Spain - with a particular focus on Sussex, Lanarkshire and Almeria. These visual and dance arts will highlight the contribution of Romani peoples to sustainability thinking and practice (e.g. 'circular economy' - recycling, reuse and repair; 'tiny home' living; use of local materials; use of plants and herbs for health and hygiene; focus on community and sharing: and sustainable production techniques, including metalwork). The associated deliberative and artistic processes will be captured in a professional film. Our key research questions are: 1) What are the environmental histories, traditions and values of Romani groups in England, Scotland and Spain?; (2) How can these be represented through traditional Romani visual and dance arts?; (3) How can the environmental knowledge, skills and values of Romani communities be made more visible so as to contribute to current sustainability discourse, policy and programmes?; (4) Which national and local government policies, programmes and discourses support or restrict these sustainability practices? The project will use a mix of data collection and dissemination methods, including a literature review, mapping of Romani sites and history, 'go-along' interviews, reflection groups, and designing and creating dances, sculpture and film. The research questions, methods and dissemination paths have been developed with Romani artists, communities and researchers and reflects their priorities and aspirations. Unique insights can be derived from an 'insider' (i.e. largely Romani) research team and partners. Given that this research is co-produced, we will work with awareness of power and representation in research (Pain et al., 2015) aiming for egalitarian communication and action. We have also worked alongside policy-makers and policy-influencers to design the project, and will engage with them throughout, ensuring that there will be timely and useful inputs into policy and practice e.g. UK Departments for Business, Enterprise and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC); Spain's Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge (MITECO) and Ministry of Equality (MoE); Women's Environment Network; Green Economy Coalition; Friends of the Earth International. Reference: PAIN, R. et al. (2015) Mapping alternative impact. N8 Research Partnership. Durham/ESRC (see CfS for others).

HealthMod is a large research programme that brings together scientists, policymakers, and charities interested in using economic policies to improve people's health. We particularly want to improve the health of people who experience disadvantage or discrimination in their lives, as they tend to spend much more of their lives in poor health and also die younger, and the situation has got worse over the past decade. Local and national governments make decisions on various economic policies, such as changes to taxes, welfare, job creation, and social housing. These policies have long-term effects on people's health, as they influence important aspects of healthy living, like having enough money, good work, decent housing, safe neighbourhoods, and supportive communities. In HealthMod, we want to help policymakers, charity organisations and communities themselves understand how these policies affect people differently, based on characteristics like gender, income, and where they live. Our research would show whether planned new policies are likely to support long and healthy lives for everyone, or whether they would make inequalities worse. Our programme has three work areas: Computer modelling for Health: We will develop computer models to show how different kinds of policies might affect the economic situation and long-term health of each person in Britain. These models help policymakers understand the impact of policies on people in their area, especially whether they narrow or widen unfair health inequalities, so they can make informed decisions. All models we develop will be freely available for researchers and policymakers to use. Policy and Advocacy Engagement: Government organisations and charities seeking to promote healthier policy decisions are partners in our programme. Together we will decide on the most urgent questions that our modelling can help answer. This will ensure that the models we build can inform real decisions. We will create websites, videos, and training courses to explain how our models work and how to use them effectively. Citizen's Engagement and Democratisation of Modelling: We believe it is vital to involve people who may be affected by economic policies. We will host workshops where individuals experiencing issues such as poverty or poor health can share their thoughts and experiences. These insights will shape our models, making them more relevant and inclusive. We will also work with a broader group of citizens to understand which policy outcomes are most important for society. Our goal is to create high-quality, trustworthy computer models that incorporate policymaker and community perspectives. This research will guide the best way to design, explain and use computer modelling for policy decisions that seek to improve health and reduce health inequalities.

Almost every major disease in the developed world - Alzheimer's, cancer, obesity and diabetes- shows a causal link to lack of sleep. Sleep disruption degrades mental health, reduces work-place productivity and increases absenteeism, and increases the burden on health and social care systems. Homes that remain comfortable at night enable quality sleep which enhance health and well-being and supports continued independent living. Sleep is eroded by numerous personal factors such a stress and ill-health, but environmental factors are also important, especially bedroom temperatures. In a recent national survey over 4.5 million English households reported bedrooms that were often or always uncomfortably warm. Dwellings in London and the SE of England were most affected with flats, small dwellings and modern buildings particularly at risk. Socially disadvantaged households were disproportionately affected. As the climate warms, the frequency, intensity and duration of heatwaves is increasing. As cities become denser, the urban heat island intensifies, and noise levels rise. In the 2003 European heat wave, there may have been over 70,000 premature deaths in 16 countries across Europe. There are concerns that rising temperatures will initiate the uptake of air-conditioning (AC) in dwellings, which will place additional loads on the electricity supply networks and, as AC is costly to buy and run, will accentuate the societal inequalities. Bedroom adaptations and behavioural change can improve the indoor environment. Public Health England's recommendations on staying cool in the summer are generic, and their applicability for many households in unknown. Whilst effort is being directed to reducing night-time overheating in new dwellings, there is no guidance, and no regulation, to protect existing dwellings from overheating. This project brings together a multi-disciplinary team of sleep scientists, engineers and experts in user centred design and health. They will work with social housing providers, local authorities, housing developers and government departments. Healthy adults of all ages living in flats in London will be actively involved in the study. Sleep quality measurement, sleep diaries, questionnaires, environmental monitoring, dwelling surveys and thermal modelling will seek to answer three questions: 1. What environmental factors (night-time temperatures, noise levels and air quality) lead to degradation of sleep quality in different people? Currently, for example, there is no credible UK night-time overheating criterion. 2. How might people achieve better quality sleep? Simple behavioural changes before and during sleep, or bedroom adaptations, like shading and improved ventilation, can improve summertime comfort, but by how much and for which people living in which sort of flats? 3. How might existing homes be refurbished to both reduce energy demand and improve summertime comfort? The work involves people living in flats in London, who will help refine the research programme and enable monitoring of their bedrooms and sleep quality, and the way they control temperatures during heat waves. They will be the first beneficiaries of the research. The work is important to builders, engineers and architects who lack a robust method for predicting overheating risk, and to social housing providers who want to objectively target properties that provide unacceptable summertime conditions. The research will also: provide social and healthcare professionals with better advice about how people can improve summer night-time comfort; enable social housing providers to plan and prioritise refurbishment, and inform future building regulations concerned with maintaining comfort, without air-conditioning, in existing buildings. Most importantly, the work will protect the health and well-being of UK citizens as urbanisation continues and the climate warms.

AI and Machine Learning often address challenges that are relatively monolithic in nature: determine the safest route for an autonomous car; translate a document from English to French; analyse a medical image to detect a cancer; answer questions about a difficult topic. These kinds of challenge are very important and worthwhile targets for AI research. However, an alternative set of challenges exist that are more *collective* in nature and that unfold in *real time*: - help minimise the impact of a pandemic sweeping through a population of people by informing the coordination of local and national testing, social distancing and vaccination interventions; - predict and then monitor the extent and severity of an extreme weather event using multiple real-time physical and social data streams; - anticipate and prevent a stock market crash caused by the interactions between many automated trading agents each following its own trading algorithm; - derive city-wide patterns of changing mobility from high-frequency time series data and use these patterns to drive city planning decisions that maximise liveability and sustainability in the future city; - assist populations of people with type 2 diabetes to avoid acute episodes and hospitalisation by identifying patterns in their pooled disease trajectories while preserving their privacy and anonymity. Developing AI systems for these types of problem presents unique challenges: extracting reliable and informative patterns from multiple overlapping and interacting data streams; identifying and controlling for inherent biases within the data; determining the local interventions that can allow smart agents to influence collective systems in a positive way; developing privacy preserving machine learning and advancing ethical best practices for collective AI; embedding novel machine learning and AI in portals, devices and tools that can be used transparently and successfully by different types of user. The AI for Collective Intelligence (AI4CI) Hub will address these challenges for AI in the context of critically important real world use cases (cities, pandemics, health care, environment and finance) working with key stakeholder partners from each sector. In addition to significantly advancing applied AI research for collective intelligence, the AI4CI Hub will also work to build *community* in this research area, linking together academic research groups across the UK with each other and with key industry, government and public sector organisations, and to build *capability* by developing and releasing open access training materials, tools, demonstrator systems and best practice guidance, and by supporting the career development of early and mid-career researchers both within academia and beyond. The AI for Collective Intelligence Hub will be a centre of gravity for a nation-wide research effort applying new AI to collective systems.