Maritime activities (commercial and pleasure navigation) can induce indirect effects on the environment. The project is particularly interested in studying their effects on bank erosion (Part 1) and the navigation channel (Part 2). In Part 1, the effects of commercial and pleasure navigation will be compared. In Part 2, the aim is to predict using a 3D model the increase in turbidity and the decrease of dissolved oxygen during dredging and immersion operations. From four approaches (field measurements, laboratory tests, modeling and mathematical simulations, sociological and legal surveys on risk perception), a table of opportunities and navigation scenarios will be developed. Management solutions (new regulations for pleasure or commercial navigation) will be tested in terms of acceptability for reducing the risk of bank erosion. Turbidity and oxygenation results will be used to locate areas at risk of hypoxia and to determine durations of exposure. The project results come from these four approaches. The field measurements will allow to compare (qualitatively and quantitatively) the shipping signatures for a total of four sites in France and Quebec. Laboratory tests will determine sedimentological properties and their transport parameters or improve the formulation of laws relating to muddy sediments. Numerical modeling validated on field and laboratory measurements will be used to study different navigation scenarios (trajectory, speed or regulation) in order to reduce risks related to bank erosion or maintenance operations. Surveys on the perception (sociological with a legal insight) of the risks from collective or semi-directed interview will identify actions to improve the management practices or to change the regulations. At the end of the project, a 3D simulation tool for supporting decision will be available in open-source. Scientific analyses of the effects of commercial and recreational navigation on the risks of bank erosion or hypoxia will be available for improving practices. The project consortium involves various organizations in France and Quebec for a highly transdisciplinary approach with the involvement of universities, a public administrative institution, port authorities, actors in economic development or maritime transport, a community representing First Nations. The approach is also intersectoral (natural sciences and engineering, human and social sciences) and strongly interdisciplinary (sociology, law, civil engineering, physics and fluid mechanics, geophysics and applied mathematics). An external committee will be set up to communicate the results to international, federal, national or regional, municipal and associative bodies. Finally the scientific results will be communicated at congresses and published in international journals.

Ports are a great example of heterogeneous information hubs. Multiple stakeholders operate inside and outside them with different motivations and businesses. Although document and data interchange is already in place through Port Community Systems (PCS), the interchange is limited to official documentation and services of the Port Authority, such as custom declarations, import/export of cargo, and other formal documents. However, an effective integration of operational data is far from optimal in most ports, and especially so in medium or small ports, where budget is limited and IT services usually is outsourced. In contrast, the available operational data (resources tracking, container status, vessel operations, surface or berth available, air/water quality measurements,...) is constantly increasing and technology is getting inexpensive and widely available. However, the application of such systems is still single-entity centric, since the information is not shared, keeping the real potential of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 hidden. The same holds for geographic areas surrounding ports, where Smart Cities integrate various data systems and provide valuable services to citizens and authorities. PIXEL will enable a two-way collaboration of ports, multimodal transport agents and cities for optimal use of internal and external resources, sustainable economic growth and environmental impact mitigation, towards the Ports of the Future. PIXEL will leverage technological enablers to voluntary exchange data among ports and stakeholders, thus ensuring a measurable benefit in this process. The main outcome of this technology will be efficient use of resources in ports, sustainable development and green growth of ports and surrounding cities/regions. Built on top of the state-of-the art interoperability technologies, PIXEL will centralise data from the different information silos where internal and external stakeholders store their operational information.

PRAETORIAN strategic goal is to increase the security and resilience of European CIs, facilitating the coordinated protection of interrelated CI against combined physical and cyber threats. To that end, the project will provide a multidimensional (economical, technological, policy, societal) yet installation-specific toolset comprising: (i) a Physical Situation Awareness system, (ii) a Cyber Situation Awareness system; (iii) a Hybrid Situation Awareness system, which will include digital twins of the infrastructure under protection; and (iv) a Coordinated Response system. The PRAETORIAN toolset will support the security managers of Critical Infrastructures (CI) in their decision making to anticipate and withstand potential cyber, physical or combined security threats to their own infrastructures and other interrelated CIs that could have a severe impact on their performance and/or the security of the population in their vicinity. The project will specifically tackle (i.e. prevent, detect, response and, in case of a declared attack, mitigate) human-made cyber and physical attacks or natural disasters affecting CIs. It will also address how an attack or incident in a specific CI can jeopardise the normal operation of other neighbouring/interrelated CIs, and how to make all of them more resilient, by predicting cascading effects and proposing a unified response among CIs and assisting First Responder teams. PRAETORIAN is a CI-led, user-driven project, which will demonstrate its results in three international pilot clusters –some of them cross border– involving 9 outstanding critical infrastructures: 2 international airports, 2 ports, 3 hospitals and 2 power plants.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of the continuity of vital services, has shown the need to work together for the common good. It has proven that a pandemic is not only a health crisis and that it does not only disrupt Critical Infrastructures (CIs), but that there is an extremely important link between the resilience of CIs and our societies. The economic crisis caused by the pandemic also provides a unique opportunity to jointly ‘build back better’ with the focus on sustainability and green recovery. SUNRISE will facilitate active collaboration of CIs across Europe to share best practices and jointly tackle future pandemics. By Q3/2025, this collaboration will result in a new stable working group for resilience to pandemics with at least 100 members. With a group of 4 CI authorities, 16 CI operators, 3 other CI stakeholders, 4 experts in Social Sciences and Humanities, 2 experts in epidemiology and climate extremes, and 12 security researchers and SW developers, we will: (1) Identify pandemic-specific vital services and CIs, their dependencies, risks, cascading effects, and effective measures to tackle them at European level. (2) Develop a comprehensive strategy (TRL8) and four innovative tools (TRL7) ensuring greater availability, reliability, security, robustness, trustworthiness, cost-effectiveness, climate-friendliness, and continuity of pandemic-specific vital services in Europe: Tools for risk-based access control, resource demand prediction and management, cyber-physical resilience, and remote infrastructure inspection. (3) Pilot the results in operational environments of the CIs while tackling some of their biggest pain points exposed by the current pandemic. (4) Promote our approach across Europe to ensure a united front and resilience of CIs to pandemics. We will carefully consider legal, ethical, societal, economic, and climate aspects, ensuring that our results address not only the needs of the CIs, but also those of our society.