The Chinese region of Suzhou is famous worldwide for its public gardens, visitor attractions in urban settings acting as oases of tranquility, products of an ancient design philosophy. Cornwall in the UK also draws visitors from across the world to its public gardens, which in its rural setting focus on preservation, horticulture and sustainability goals, as well as grappling with legacies of an imperial past. Major botanical gardens across the world have this year started experimenting with Augmented Reality (AR) technology to display 'virtual exhibitions' which visitors can access through apps on their smartphones, transforming open spaces into interactive, creative tourism through approaches inspired by hit games such as Pokemon Go. From the perspective of an AR designer, public gardens are an ideal space to work with because they are enclosed spaces, with clear rules and design - much like a videogame level. This intersects with a challenge that the Chinese games industry in particular faces: the need to diversify audiences for interactive applications in the face of market opportunities and government pressures. This project explores developing AR exhibitions in smaller public gardens which may have been impressed by seeing pioneering events at larger competitors Working with a Chinese technology partner specialised in AR, this project engages public gardens to find out how its opportunities are relevant to their missions. Researchers and students from two universities experienced in delivering technology projects with heritage partners will work together with public gardens in Cornwall and Suzhou to develop AR which enhances what they offer current audiences and also draw in new ones, as well as engage interested local exhibitors or artists with AR opportunities. The process is led by the garden partners and is primarily about designing something appropriate, not just showing off what the technology can do. Through this the project explores the different conceptions of what a public garden is for, the principles they are organised around and the heritage they draw upon, colliding the traditions of eastern and western garden design with the innovation opportunities Augmented Reality and creative tourism offer, beginning a conversation between UK and China partners about how our diverse heritage can offer insights for innovation, collaboration and the process of design. The project "Creative tourism in the UK and China.: Augmented Reality for Gardens in Cornwall and Suzhou" looks to build a strategic partnership between the UK and China in order to drive local innovation and growth, and consists of: 1- A partnership between universities, regional administrations, a technology intermediary and public garden partners to pursue shared interests in AR for Creative Tourism and heritage,drive local innovation and enable growth. 2- The co-development of AR elements for public gardens in the UK's Cornwall region and in China's Suzhou region, simultaneously involving partner universities' Flamouth and Tongji's research teams and students. 3- The deployment and user-testing of the AR designs in situ to track impact and effectiveness. 4 -The sharing of learning throughout the design process alongside reflection on the impact and outcomes of the process in its different contexts. The integration of these main activities will lead to the following outputs: A - The design and development of AR elements for public garden partners, enabling them to reach new audiences, exhibitors and markets. B - Collaboration workshops between research teams establishing channels for working together, leading to a conference or journal paper summarising learning. C - A strengthened relationship between relationship between HEIs and creative and tourism industries, with the intention to apply for further funding in the future.

The Circular Economy (CE) is a revolutionary alternative to a traditional linear, make-use-dispose economy. It is based on the central principle of maintaining continuous flows of resources at their highest value for the longest period and then recovering, cascading and regenerating products and materials at the end of each life cycle. Metals are ideal flows for a circular economy. With careful stewardship and good technology, metals mined from the Earth can be reused indefinitely. Technology metals (techmetals) are an essential, distinct, subset of specialist metals. Although they are used in much smaller quantities than industrial metals such as iron and aluminium, each techmetal has its own specific and special properties that give it essential functions in devices ranging from smart phones, batteries, wind turbines and solar cells to electric vehicles. Techmetals are thus essential enablers of a future circular, low carbon economy and demand for many is increasing rapidly. E.g., to meet the UK's 2050 ambition for offshore wind turbines will require 10 years' worth of global neodymium production. To replace all UK-based vehicles with electric vehicles would require 200% of cobalt and 75% of lithium currently produced globally each year. The UK is 100% reliant on imports of techmetals including from countries that represent geopolitical risks. Some techmetals are therefore called Critical Raw Materials (high economic importance and high risk of supply disruption). Only four of the 27 raw materials considered critical by the EU have an end-of-life recycling input rate higher than 10%. Our UKRI TechMet CE Centre brings together for the first time world-leading researchers to maximise opportunities around the provision of techmetals from primary and secondary sources, and lead materials stewardship, creating a National Techmetals Circular Economy Roadmap to accelerate us towards a circular economy. This will help the UK meet its Industrial Strategy Clean Growth agenda and its ambitious UK 2050 climate change targets with secure and environmentally-acceptable supplies of techmetals. There are many challenges to a future techmetal circular economy. With growing demand, new mining is needed and we must keep the environmental footprint of this primary production as low as possible. Materials stewardship of techmetals is difficult because their fate is often difficult to track. Most arrive in the UK 'hidden' in complex products from which they are difficult to recover. Collection is inefficient, consumers may not feel incentivised to recycle, and policy and legislative initiatives such as Extended Producer Responsibility focus on large volume metals rather than small quantity techmetals. There is a lack of end-to-end visibility and connection between different parts of techmetal value chains. The TechMet consortium brings together the Universities of Exeter, Birmingham, Leicester, Manchester and the British Geological Survey who are already working on how to improve the raw materials cycle, manufacture goods to be re-used and recycled, recycle complex goods such as batteries and use and re-use equipment for as long as possible before it needs recycling. One of our first tasks is to track the current flows of techmetals through the UK economy, which although fundamental, is poorly known. The Centre will conduct new interdisciplinary research on interventions to improve each stage in the cycle and join up the value chain - raw materials can be newly mined and recycled, and manufacturing technology can be linked directly to re-use and recycling. The environmental footprint of our techmetals will be evaluated. Business, regulatory and social experts will recommend how the UK can best put all these stages together to make a new techmetals circular economy and produce a strategy for its implementation.

Research, including some that we have done, says other ways of improving young people's mental health might be just as good, if not better, than current mental health services. This project would explore another way. Does getting involved in 'civic activism' benefit young people (YP for short) who face many disadvantages? 'Civic activism' means doing community projects together that make not just our own individual lives better; but other YP's too. It involves developing what university researchers call our 'civic identity'. This involves feeling we belong to a community whether face to face, online or both -'glocal' communities is what academics call them. Our hunch is that creating belonging through civic activism could help us have positive identities. We think adolescence, a word used to describe the age group between 11-25 years old, is the ideal time for this support because we are developing identity as we move out of childhood. Research tells us that a strong and positive identity offers us direction in life and indicates that we matter in the world. All this is good for our current and future mental health. We know civic activism needs researching because in Blackpool we have already had success experimenting with a new way of supporting YP's mental health. This is based on an approach to resilience that is about 'Beating the Odds and Changing the Odds' which we call Boingboing Resilience. Our approach helps us build our own resilience as well as challenge the disadvantages that increase risks in the first place. This project would help us build on that work and share it with other YP and their adult supporters in Cornwall and Newham. These are other areas facing big challenges. We also want to learn from Newham and Cornwall's YP's work, including on climate change activism. Our new and equal partnership of co-researchers come from different generations, professions and backgrounds; YP facing many disadvantages, adult community researchers, academics and mental health professionals. What we will do 1. Our new research will survey 300 YP in Blackpool, Newham and Cornwall. This will test survey questions already available about YP's identity, civic activism and mental health. We will involve YP with learning difficulties because they often get left out. 2. We will do a 'literature review'. This means exploring what academics worldwide have already published on building YP's positive identities against the odds. This includes resilience, mental health and civic activism aimed at improving mental health. 3. We will organise and run a big meeting (a 'networking summit') and invite lots of people interested in our work and who have influence. Young co-researchers will present the literature review findings with adults and we will motivate people to do a new big bid together. 4. Blackpool, Brighton, Newham and Cornwall team members will plan and run 3 events using YP-friendly technologies, co-designed and co-led by YP, including YP with learning difficulties. We call these 'social learning spaces' (SLSs for short). They will find out about: a) YP connecting with their communities' history b) YP getting actively involved with their present communities, to get involved in making positive changes c) YP actively contributing to their communities' future through civic activism. 5. With everyone's permission, we will record what happens in the SLSs. This will be written up as 'findings'. The findings will help us plan a civic activist approach (called an intervention framework). We will share work in academic publications but also in ways that more people can understand it, including on the internet. With more people joining in, together we will write a big bid so we can test our civic activism intervention framework.

In 2019, AHRC funding enabled the crowdsourced transcriptions of five notebooks kept by the nineteenth-century chemist, Sir Humphry Davy, between 1795 and 1805. Transcriptions of these notebooks revealed Davy's creative mind at work: lines of poetry were written among descriptions of chemical experiments, philosophical musings, geological drawings, and accounts of his life. With this new project, we will crowdsource transcriptions of his entire notebook collection: there are 65 held at the Royal Institution of Great Britain (RI), in London, and five held in Kresen Kernow in Redruth, Cornwall. Davy kept notebooks throughout his life but most of the pages of these notebooks have never been transcribed before. The notebooks show that he was writing poetry in the laboratory while conducting scientific experiments. Most entries have yet to be dated or considered in the light of what they tell us about Davy, his scientific discoveries, and the relationship between poetry and science. We will crowdsource transcriptions of the notebooks using the people-powered research platform Zooniverse. Online and in-person discussions with participants will enable us to find out how transcribing Davy's notebooks changes their view of how poetry and science could co-exist today. The consequences of seeing the arts and sciences as divided and separate are serious. Viewing them as 'two cultures' hinders our ability to solve major world problems. Speaking to a named priority area in the AHRC's 2019 Delivery Plan, 'Arts and science, arts in science', this project will ask what we can learn from the example of Davy's notebooks that will help us rethink what we understand about the relationship between the arts and sciences in the nineteenth century and today. Davy was the foremost 'man of science' of his time. He isolated more chemical elements than any individual has before or since. Between October and December 1815, he invented a miners' safety lamp that came to be known as the Davy Lamp, saving countless lives in Britain and Europe and vastly improving the nation's industrial capability. He also led a fascinating life, rising up through society's ranks from relatively modest origins to become the President of the Royal Society. His politics and religious beliefs changed from radical to conservative as his career progressed. Davy is not currently associated with poetry or well known as a poet, but the notebooks show that he was writing poetry in the laboratory while conducting scientific experiments throughout his life. Many of these poems will be transcribed and published for the first time on the Lancaster Digital Library and in a selected print edition. We will disseminate research findings, encourage participation in the project, and ask key questions in our public engagement and impact events, which include two transcribe-a-thons, a map-a-thon, a workshop on how to use the newly-developed transcription tools in other crowdsourcing projects, an academic conference on poetry in nineteenth-century scientific notebooks, a computer masterclass using data produced by the project, and an event that will consider Davy's attitude to race. We will also create an exhibition of Davy's and others' notebooks held at the RI, which will travel to the north-west and north-east of England. We will present two panel sessions at academic conferences and produce a special issue of an academic journal on the results of the project. The already-existing Massive Online Open Course (MOOC), previously funded by the AHRC, will be enhanced to feature new tasks specifically on the notebooks. Final transcriptions of whole collection of notebooks will be published, with images of the pages themselves, on the Lancaster Digital Library, with improved new and exciting features. An accompanying project website will present a map of Davy's life, utilising the information that emerges from this project and a previous AHRC-funded project on Davy's letters.

We will explore the links between patterns of sensor data within the home and health patterns of vulnerable residents. We will monitor internal home environment (temperature, humidity, air quality) and electricity usage over time, and use features in the patterns to detect unusual events. We will use health and wellbeing data from participants to assess whether the usual events detected relate to underlying issues in the home. Once connections between sensor data and underlying health are established, we will aim to predict events in advance to allow earlier or pre-emptive support. To ensure the relevance of this approach we will involve end users throughout using a co-design approach. We have engaged a public involvement and engagement group, and will establish a stakeholder group of representatives of health and care providers. We will recruit 50 participants, who are vulnerable or have existing health conditions. We will draw on our experience of analysis techniques with the comprehensive Smartline data set (including long-term and high-frequency time-series environmental sensor data and electricity usage for four years). We will characterise data, and detect and predict changes in the home suggesting health and wellbeing issues. If successful, this test of feasibility will support early intervention and thus maintaining independent living. We will extract features from the data using the following methods. Fourier analysis will determine dominant frequencies in the sensor data. Autoregressive models will establish the extent of influences from previous readings to current and future readings. Long short-term memory neural networks will be used to predict readings. We will also use neural networks and support vector machines to predict anomalies in advance of them occurring, and cluster analysis to categorise days that have different types of features.