High Performance Embedded and Distributed Systems (HiPEDS), ranging from implantable smart sensors to secure cloud service providers, offer exciting benefits to society and great opportunities for wealth creation. Although currently UK is the world leader for many technologies underpinning such systems, there is a major threat which comes from the need not only to develop good solutions for sharply focused problems, but also to embed such solutions into complex systems with many diverse aspects, such as power minimisation, performance optimisation, digital and analogue circuitry, security, dependability, analysis and verification. The narrow focus of conventional UK PhD programmes cannot bridge the skills gap that would address this threat to the UK's leadership of HiPEDS. The proposed Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) aims to train a new generation of leaders with a systems perspective who can transform research and industry involving HiPEDS. The CDT provides a structured and vibrant training programme to train PhD students to gain expertise in a broad range of system issues, to integrate and innovate across multiple layers of the system development stack, to maximise the impact of their work, and to acquire creativity, communication, and entrepreneurial skills. The taught programme comprises a series of modules that combine technical training with group projects addressing team skills and system integration issues. Additional courses and events are designed to cover students' personal development and career needs. Such a comprehensive programme is based on aligning the research-oriented elements of the training programme, an industrial internship, and rigorous doctoral research. Our focus in this CDT is on applying two cross-layer research themes: design and optimisation, and analysis and verification, to three key application areas: healthcare systems, smart cities, and the information society. Healthcare systems cover implantable and wearable sensors and their operation as an on-body system, interactions with hospital and primary care systems and medical personnel, and medical imaging and robotic surgery systems. Smart cities cover infrastructure monitoring and actuation components, including smart utilities and smart grid at unprecedented scales. Information society covers technologies for extracting, processing and distributing information for societal benefits; they include many-core and reconfigurable systems targeting a wide range of applications, from vision-based domestic appliances to public and private cloud systems for finance, social networking, and various web services. Graduates from this CDT will be aware of the challenges faced by industry and their impact. Through their broad and deep training, they will be able to address the disconnect between research prototypes and production environments, evaluate research results in realistic situations, assess design tradeoffs based on both practical constraints and theoretical models, and provide rapid translation of promising ideas into production environments. They will have the appropriate systems perspective as well as the vision and skills to become leaders in their field, capable of world-class research and its exploitation to become a global commercial success.

We are living through a revolution, as electronic communications become ever more ubiquitous in our daily lives. The use of mobile and smart phone technology is becoming increasingly universal, with applications beyond voice communications including access to social and business data, entertainment through live and more immersive video streaming and distributed processing and storage of information through high performance data centres and the cloud. All of this needs to be achieved with high levels of reliability, flexibility and at low cost, and solutions need to integrate developments in theoretical algorithms, optimization of software and ongoing advances in hardware performance. These trends will continue to shape our future. By 2020 it is predicted that the number of network-connected devices will reach 1000 times the world's population: there will be 7 trillion connected devices for 7 billion people. This will result in 1.3 zettabytes of global internet traffic by 2016 (with over 80% of this being due to video), requiring a 27% increase in energy consumption by telecommunications networks. The UK's excellence in communications has been a focal point for inward investment for many years - already this sector has a value of £82Bn a year to the UK economy (~5.7% GDP). However this strength is threatened by an age imbalance in the workforce and a shortage of highly skilled researchers. Our CDT will bridge this skills gap, by training the next generation of researchers, who can ensure that the UK remains at the heart of the worldwide communications industry, providing a much needed growth dividend for our economy. It will be guided by the commercial imperatives from our industry partners, and motivated by application drivers in future cities, transport, e-health, homeland security and entertainment. The expansion of the UK internet business is fuelled by innovative product development in optical transport mechanisms, wireless enabled technologies and efficient data representations. It is thus essential that communications practitioners of the future have an overall system perspective, bridging the gaps between hardware and software, wireless and wired communications, and application drivers and network constraints. While communications technology is the enabler, it is humans that are the producers, consumers and beneficiaries in terms of its broader applications. Our programme will thus focus on the challenges within and the interactions between the key domains of People, Power and Performance. Over three cohorts, the new CDT will build on Bristol's core expertise in Efficient Systems and Enabling Technologies to engineer novel solutions, offering enhanced performance, lower cost and reduced environmental impact. We will train our students in the mathematical fundamentals which underpin modern communication systems and deliver both human and technological solutions for the communication systems landscape of the future. In summary, Future Communications 2 will produce a new type of PhD graduate: one who is intellectually leading, creative, mathematically rigorous and who understands the commercial implications of his or her work - people who are the future technical leaders in the sector.

Personalisation of media experiences for the individual is vital for audience engagement of young and old, allowing more meaningful encounters tailored to their interest, making them part of the story, and increasing accessibility. The goal of the BBC Prosperity Partnership is to realise a transformation to future personalised content creation and delivery at scale for the public at home or on the move. Evolution of mass-media audio-visual 'broadcast' content (news, sports, music, drama) has moved increasingly towards Internet delivery, which creates exciting potential for hyper-personalised media experiences delivered at scale to mass audiences. This radical new user-centred approach to media creation and delivery has the potential to disrupt the media landscape by directly engaging individuals at the centre of their experience, rather than predefining the content as with existing media formats (radio, TV, film). This will allow a new form of user-centred media experience which dynamically adapts to the individual, their location, the media content and producer storytelling intent, together with the platform/device and the network/compute resources available for rendering the content.The BBC Prosperity Partnership will position the BBC at the forefront of this 'Personalised Media' revolution enabling the creation and delivery of new services, and positioning the UK creative industry to lead future personalised media creation and intelligent network distribution to render personalised experiences for everyone anywhere. Realisation of personalised experiences at scale presents three fundamental research challenges: capture of object-based representations of the content to enable dynamic adaption for personalisation at the point of rendering; production to create personalised experiences which enhance the perceived quality of experience for each user; and delivery at scale with intelligent utilisation of the available network, edge and device resources for mass audiences. The BBC Prosperity Partnership will address the major technical and creative challenges to delivering user-centred personalised audience experiences at scale. Advances in audio-visual AI for machine understanding of captured content will enable the automatic transformation of captured 2D video streams to an object-based media (OBM) representation. OBM will allow adaptation for efficient production, delivery and personalisation of the media experience whilst maintaining the perceived quality of the captured video content. To deliver personalised experiences to audiences of millions requires transformation of media processing and distribution architectures into a hybrid and distributed low-latency computation platform, allowing flexible deployment of compute-intensive tasks across the network. This will achieve efficiency in terms of cost and energy use, while providing optimal quality of experience for the audience within the technical constraints of the system.

The transition to manycore systems is arguably the greatest challenge facing the ICT industry, Computational Science, and Computing Science research. The challenge is globally recognised, and is an EPSRC ICT priority: Manycore Architectures in Distributed and Embedded Systems (MACDES). The proposed network will identify and bring together a critical mass of UK manycore researchers. The manycore revolution is fundamentally changing multiple levels of the computation execution stack: from processor architecture, through systems software, to applications. The UK has world leading researchers and industrialists working on specific technologies at each level, but currently researchers and engineers do not collaborate adequately on the complex manycore challenges. Furthermore, meaningful industry engagement is limited, despite the large number of UK-based industrial research labs with strategic interest in manycore systems. We will foster effective communication between academic and industrial research teams both at different levels in the execution stack (e.g. compiler developers targeting an emergent architecture), and within each level (e.g. program analysis applied to improve memory access latency in the systems layer). The teams will benefit by being able to identify and exploit synergies and opportunities for cross-pollination. We will establish well defined, highly available channels for communication and low-overhead mechanisms for collaboration. Given that many world-class UK researchers are isolated in relatively small departments and research groups, the network will enable national sharing of ideas, information and infrastructure. Community support and resource pooling will enable UK researchers to achieve greater academic impact globally, competing effectively with larger, well-resourced groups in the USA (e.g. Aspire Lab at Berkeley), China (e.g. State Key Lab of Computer System and Architecture, Chinese Academy of Sciences), and elsewhere. Both architectural innovation and systems software development are massive investments, often involving person-decades of effort. MaRIONet will enable sharing of expertise and infrastructure to lower the barrier to entry for UK systems researchers working in this area. Industrial network partners will gain exposure to cutting-edge research, and ideas to address current problems. Academic partners gain real-world use cases and grand challenges. At least three of the UK Policy Exchange `Eight great technologies' are directly enabled by the increased scale and speed of future manycore systems and software, namely: * Big Data revolution: enabled by manycore systems for energy-efficient collection, analysis and storage of big data. * Robotics and autonomous systems: enabled by manycore systems for artificial intelligence, planning, image recognition, humanoid motion control. * Synthetic biology: enabled by manycore processing of biological data, in-silico simulation of bio-mechanisms. Hence we anticipate that future UK economic growth and societal well-being will be strongly influenced by manycore technology, which is the focus of our research network.

Modern wireless communications rapidly approach the verge of the spectrum availability and new disruptive technologies are urgently needed to meet the projected capabilities and demands for efficiency and privacy of 5G communications and beyond. We will exercise an original holistic design approach to build and test novel integrated digital/RF wireless architectures exploiting the full potential of unconventional degrees of freedom and enabling dramatically increased information capacity in small-cell networks. Our cross-disciplinary studies will inform and influence future wireless technologies, help address the societal demand for 'green' and intelligent communications, and create a body of scholarship to promote the UK's unique blend of innovative engineering, free spirit of entrepreneurialism and educational rigour.