Batteries and electrocatalytic devices (i.e electrolysers, fuel cells) have multiple components spanning different length scales. The materials design space in these research fields is too large to be explored empirically. While experimental work can be directed by computational modelling to make this challenge more tenable, this is time consuming, and the number of tests/syntheses is still be too large on the experimental scale. DIGIBAT will combine computational tools (e.g. atomistic and molecular modelling, process modelling, computer-aided design, machine learning algorithms, data science) and automated HT synthesis, characterisation and testing from atoms to devices to accelerate the discovery and optimisation of new batteries and electrofuels. Specifically, DIGIBAT will comprise three HT stations: Platform A dedicated to materials synthesis and characterisation, Platform B dedicated to HT electrodes manufacturing all the way to device manufacturing and Platform C dedicated to HT electrochemical testing for both batteries and electrocatalysts. DIGIBAT will be paired with materials characterisation also applied in HT, including in operando characterisation. By executing data-rich experiments, DIGIBAT will increase the pace of innovation, while enhancing reproducibility by eliminating human errors. The research enabled by ATLAS will target challenges related to: (1) the discovery and optimisation of new battery chemistries, (2) synthesising, optimising, and testing recycled battery materials; (3) Discovering precious metal free electrocatalysts for green H2 production and fuel cells; (4) Efficient N2 to ammonia and CO2 reduction to fuels and chemicals for electrocatalysts discovery

The Innovative Manufacturing and Construction Research Centre (IMCRC) will undertake a wide variety of work in the Manufacturing, Construction and product design areas. The work will be contained within 5 programmes:1. Transforming Organisations / Providing individuals, organisations, sectors and regions with the dynamic and innovative capability to thrive in a complex and uncertain future2. High Value Assets / Delivering tools, techniques and designs to maximise the through-life value of high capital cost, long life physical assets3. Healthy & Secure Future / Meeting the growing need for products & environments that promote health, safety and security4. Next Generation Technologies / The future materials, processes, production and information systems to deliver products to the customer5. Customised Products / The design and optimisation techniques to deliver customer specific products.Academics within the Loughborough IMCRC have an internationally leading track record in these areas and a history of strong collaborations to gear IMCRC capabilities with the complementary strengths of external groups.Innovative activities are increasingly distributed across the value chain. The impressive scope of the IMCRC helps us mirror this industrial reality, and enhances knowledge transfer. This advantage of the size and diversity of activities within the IMCRC compared with other smaller UK centres gives the Loughborough IMCRC a leading role in this technology and value chain integration area. Loughborough IMCRC as by far the biggest IMRC (in terms of number of academics, researchers and in funding) can take a more holistic approach and has the skills to generate, identify and integrate expertise from elsewhere as required. Therefore, a large proportion of the Centre funding (approximately 50%) will be allocated to Integration projects or Grand Challenges that cover a spectrum of expertise.The Centre covers a wide range of activities from Concept to Creation.The activities of the Centre will take place in collaboration with the world's best researchers in the UK and abroad. The academics within the Centre will be organised into 3 Research Units so that they can be co-ordinated effectively and can cooperate on Programmes.

Navigation solutions can be made independent of satellite communication if, for example, real-time measurements of the earth's gravitational profile can be matched to known values on a map. For this, an absolute gravimeter is needed that can be transported and operated in real-world environments. TOP-GUNS aims to accelerate quantum navigation sensors into real-world positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) applications. TOP-GUNS is motivated by pressing issues that presently impede the operation of quantum navigation sensors exposed to real-world environments and will enhance the robustness and size, weight, power consumption and production cost (SWaP-C) of quantum navigation sensors used in precision positioning and navigation service; especially while the satnav service is unavailable or interrupted. TOP-GUNS will demonstrate and deliver solutions to these issues through a series of technology innovations and initial trials, including simulation platforms. The TOP-GUNS project will exploit major successes of the UK National Quantum Technology Hub in Sensors and Timing and focus on current critical research challenges. In overcoming these, the results of this project will allow the deployment of quantum navigation sensors on moving platforms, ranging from land and aviation vehicles to vessels, ships and subterranean applications. We propose the development of a gravimeter that employs a hollow-core-guide beam and therefore is more robust against transport vehicle lateral movement, which can result in a loss of contrast. To improve the portability of the gravimeter we employ innovative methods to create high-fidelity magnetic field shielding and coils - this is based on advanced optimisation methods to deliver state-of-the-art magnetic field shaping and switching systems that integrate complex coil geometries with conductor networks formed in multilayer PCBs. The creation of a 3D-printed UHV chamber that is topologically optimised to minimise eddy currents induced by magnetic field control sequences enables a substantial reduction in size and weight. These methods will enable an ultra-compact system that is robust against environmental noise and in addition lends itself to mass manufacturing. TOP-GUNS will bring innovative research to the UK quantum navigation community and provide the edge required for the UK to maintain its leading role in quantum and alternative PNT. Furthermore, TOP-GUNS' multifaceted industrial partnerships, including end users and supply chain developers, will greatly benefit the dissemination of research results and the establishment of the quantum and alternative navigation industrial ecosystem, extending from components to systems. Our results are therefore essential for the development and exploitation of gravitational profile maps.

A growing consensus identifies autonomous systems as core to future UK prosperity, but only if the present skills shortage is addressed. The AIMS CDT was founded in 2014 to address the training of future leaders in autonomous systems, and has established a strong track record in attracting excellent applicants, building cohorts of research students and taking Oxford's world-leading research on autonomy to achieve industrial impact. We seek the renewal of the CDT to cement its successes in sustainable urban development (including transport and finance), and to extend to applications in extreme and challenging environments and smart health, while strengthening training on the ethical and societal impacts of autonomy. Need for Training: Autonomous systems have been the subject of a recent report from the Royal Society, and an independent review from Professor Dame Wendy Hall and Jérôme Pesenti. Both reports emphatically underline the economic importance of AI to the UK, estimating that "AI could add an additional USD $814 billion (£630bn) to the UK economy by 2035". Both reports also highlight the urgency of training many more skilled experts in autonomy: the summary of the Royal Society's report states "further support is needed to build advanced skills in machine learning. There is already high demand for people with advanced skills, and additional resources to increase this talent pool are critically needed." In contrast with pure Artificial Intelligence CDTs, AIMS places emphasis on the challenges of building end-to-end autonomous systems: such systems require not just Machine Learning, but the disciplines of Robotics and Vision, Cyber-Physical Systems, Control and Verification. Through this cross-disciplinary training, the AIMS CDT is in a unique position to provide positive economic and societal impacts for autonomous systems by 1) growing its existing strengths in sustainable urban development, including autonomous vehicles and quantitative finance, and 2) expanding its scope to the two new application pillars of extreme and challenging environments and smart health. AIMS itself provides evidence for the strong and increasing demand for training in these areas, with an increase in application numbers from 49 to 190 over the last five years. The increase in applications is mirrored by the increase in interest from industrial partners, which has more than doubled since 2014. Our partners span all application areas of AIMS and their contributions, which include training, internships and co-supervision opportunities, will immerse our students in a variety of research challenges linked with real-world problems. Training programme: AIMS has and will provide broad cohort training in autonomous intelligent systems; theoretical foundations, systems research, industry-initiated projects and transferable skills. It covers a comprehensive range of topics centered around a hub of courses in Machine Learning; subsequent spokes provide training in Robotics and Vision, Control and Verification, and Cyber-Physical Systems. The cohort-focused training program will equip our students with both core technical skills via weekly courses, research skills via mini and long projects, as well as transferable skills, opportunities for public engagement, and training on entrepreneurship and IP. The growing societal impacts of autonomous systems demand that future AIMS students receive explicit training in responsible and ethical research and innovation, which will be provided by ORBIT. Additionally, courses on AI ethics, safety, governance and economic impacts will be delivered by Oxford's world-leading Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics and Oxford Martin Programme on Technology and Employment.

Green hydrogen will play a crucial role in decarburisation. It can be generated from water using renewable energy in an electrolyser or used to generate electricity from a fuel cell. However, the high capital cost of electrochemical devices is a roadblock to mass commercialisation. A major factor in the cost is the membrane electrolyte, conventionally an expensive sulfonated fluoropolymer. Fluoropolymers are also associated with ecologically damaging "forever chemicals" which are facing increasing scrutiny. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biodegradable and cheap polymer. As proof-of-concept, the partners at Kyushu University (Japan) have, for the first time, shown that the PVA based membranes have: low gas permeability and sufficient ionic conductivity for power generation in fuel cells when chemically modified with sulfonic acid groups. Building upon the above novel work, PVA will be investigated as an alternative membrane electrolyte for fuel cells and electrolysers. The Japanese partner will perform the chemical and mechanical modification of the PVA membranes; extensively characterising them; and then testing them in real-life fuel cells and electrolysers to evaluate their performance and durability under different conditions. On the other hand, the UK team will use the generated data from experiments to perform simulations of PVA membrane-containing fuel cells and electrolysers through multiphysics modelling, predicting how they will perform in electrochemical systems under a wide variety of conditions. The computational data will be simultaneously used to inform the experimental part of the project to shorten the design cycle and save materials and time. A good number of mutual research visits will be organised to gain hands-on experience on the experimental part (synthesis, characterisation and testing of PVA containing membranes) by the UK team, and on the modelling part (building and running multiphysics models for fuel cells and electrolysers) by the Japanese team. The outcome of this collaborative research will be: an improved understanding of the behaviour of PVA based membranes in electrochemical systems; the development of a new class of low cost and more sustainable membrane electrolytes for green hydrogen applications; and the establishment of a research network between the UK and Japan for sharing expertise and know-how in the highly strategic research discipline of green hydrogen generation and utilisation.