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Three-dimensional modelling of wave-induced current from the surf zone to the inner shelf
We develop and implement a new method to take into account the impact of waves into the 3-D circulation model SYMPHONIE (Marsaleix et al., 2008, 2009a) following the simplified equations of Bennis et al. (2011) which use glm2z-RANS theory (Ardhuin et al., 2008c). These adiabatic equations are completed by additional parameterizations of wave breaking, bottom friction and wave-enhanced vertical mixing, making the forcing valid from the surf zone through to the open ocean. The wave forcing is performed by wave generation and propagation models WAVEWATCH III® (Tolman, 2008, 2009; Ardhuin et al., 2010) and SWAN (Booij et al., 1999). The model is tested and compared with other models for a plane beach test case, previously tested by Haas and Warner (2009)and Uchiyama et al. (2010). A comparison is also made with the laboratory measurements of Haller et al. (2002) of a barred beach with channels. Results fit with previous simulations performed by other models and with available observational data. Finally, a realistic case is simulated with energetic waves travelling over a coast of the Gulf of Lion (in the northwest of the Mediterranean Sea) for which currents are available at different depths as well as an accurate bathymetric database of the 0–10 m depth range. A grid nesting approach is used to account for the different forcings acting at different spatial scales. The simulation coupling the effects of waves and currents is successful to reproduce the powerful northward littoral drift in the 0–15 m depth zone. More precisely, two distinct cases are identified: When waves have a normal angle of incidence with the coast, they are responsible for complex circulation cells and rip currents in the surf zone, and when they travel obliquely, they generate a northward littoral drift. These features are more complicated than in the test cases, due to the complex bathymetry and the consideration of wind and non-stationary processes. Wave impacts in the inner shelf are less visible since wind and regional circulation seem to be the predominant forcings. Besides, a discrepancy between model and observations is noted at that scale, possibly linked to an underestimation of the wind stress. This three-dimensional method allows a good representation of vertical current profiles and permits the calculation of the shear stress associated with waves and currents. Future work will focus on the combination with a sediment transport model.
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Agrawal, Y. C., Terray, E. A., Donelan, M. A., Hwang, M. A., Williams III, A. J., Drennan, W. M., Kahma, K. K., and Kitaigorodskii, K. K.: Enhanced dissipation of kinetic energy beneath surface waves, Nature, 359, 219-233, 1992.
Aleman, N., Robin, N., Certain, R., Vanroye, C., Barusseau, J., and Bouchette, F.: Typology of nearshore bars in the Gulf of Lions (FRANCE) using LIDAR technology, J. Coastal Res., 64, 721- 725, 2011.
Andrews, D. and McIntyre, M.: An exact theory of non-linear waves on a Lagrangian mean flow, J. Fluid Mech., 89, 609-646, 1978.
Anguenot, F. and Monaco, A.: Etude des transits se´dimentaires sur le littoral du Roussillon par la me´thode des traceurs radioactifs, Cahiers Oce´anographiques, 19, 579-589, 1967.
Ardhuin, F., Chapron, B., and Elfouhaily, T.: Waves and the Air-Sea Momentum Budget: Implications for Ocean Circulation Modeling, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 1741-1755, 2004.
Ardhuin, F., Collard, F., Chapron, B., Queffeulou, P., Filipot, J.-F., and Hamon, M.: Spectral wave dissipation based on observations: a global validation, in: Proceedings of the chinese-german joint symposium on hydraulic and ocean engineering, edited by Zanke, U and Roland, A and Saenger, N and Wiesemann, JU and Dahlem, G, pp. 391-400, Chinese-German Joint Symposium on Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering, Darmstadt, Germany, 24- 30 August 2008, 2008a.
Ardhuin, F., Jenkins, A. D., and Belibassakis, K. A.: Comments on “The Three-Dimensional Current and Surface Wave Equations”, J. Physical Oceanogr., 38, 1340-1350, doi:10.1175/2007JPO3670.1, 2008b.
Ardhuin, F., Rascle, N., and Belibassakis, K.: Explicit wave-averaged primitive equations using a generalized Lagrangian mean, Ocean Modelling, 20, 35-60, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2007.07.001, 2008c.
Ardhuin, F., Marie, L., Rascle, N., Forget, P., and Roland, A.: Observation and estimation of Lagrangian Stokes and Eulerian currents induced by wind at the sea surface, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 39, 2820-2838, 2009. [OpenAIRE]
Ardhuin, F., Rogers, E., Babanin, A. V., Filipot, J., Magne, R., Roland, A., van der Westhuysen, A., Queffeulou, P., Lefevre, J., Aouf, L., and Collard, F.: Semiempirical Dissipation Source Functions for Ocean Waves. Part I: Definition, Calibration, and Validation, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40, 1917-1941, doi:10.1175/2010JPO4324.1, 2010.
We develop and implement a new method to take into account the impact of waves into the 3-D circulation model SYMPHONIE (Marsaleix et al., 2008, 2009a) following the simplified equations of Bennis et al. (2011) which use glm2z-RANS theory (Ardhuin et al., 2008c). These adiabatic equations are completed by additional parameterizations of wave breaking, bottom friction and wave-enhanced vertical mixing, making the forcing valid from the surf zone through to the open ocean. The wave forcing is performed by wave generation and propagation models WAVEWATCH III® (Tolman, 2008, 2009; Ardhuin et al., 2010) and SWAN (Booij et al., 1999). The model is tested and compared with other models for a plane beach test case, previously tested by Haas and Warner (2009)and Uchiyama et al. (2010). A comparison is also made with the laboratory measurements of Haller et al. (2002) of a barred beach with channels. Results fit with previous simulations performed by other models and with available observational data. Finally, a realistic case is simulated with energetic waves travelling over a coast of the Gulf of Lion (in the northwest of the Mediterranean Sea) for which currents are available at different depths as well as an accurate bathymetric database of the 0–10 m depth range. A grid nesting approach is used to account for the different forcings acting at different spatial scales. The simulation coupling the effects of waves and currents is successful to reproduce the powerful northward littoral drift in the 0–15 m depth zone. More precisely, two distinct cases are identified: When waves have a normal angle of incidence with the coast, they are responsible for complex circulation cells and rip currents in the surf zone, and when they travel obliquely, they generate a northward littoral drift. These features are more complicated than in the test cases, due to the complex bathymetry and the consideration of wind and non-stationary processes. Wave impacts in the inner shelf are less visible since wind and regional circulation seem to be the predominant forcings. Besides, a discrepancy between model and observations is noted at that scale, possibly linked to an underestimation of the wind stress. This three-dimensional method allows a good representation of vertical current profiles and permits the calculation of the shear stress associated with waves and currents. Future work will focus on the combination with a sediment transport model.