Within the European city, the historic housing stock often comprises a compact, densely built-up area close to city centres. Due to its urbanistic and architectural qualities as well as the key socio-economic function it plays in the city’s housing market, this stock plays a considerable and important role in the identity of the European city. Although often formally recognised as such in planning policy, historic housing nevertheless is a tangible and intangible heritage, and for many communities is central to urban living. However, market pressure and climate adaptation and mitigation strategies proposed by city and national government threatens this cultural heritage. Long-term under-investment and disrepair of this housing has meant that making this stock more carbon neutral costly and technically challenging, and where such action has been taken - usually based in individual buildings - risks triggering commodification, gentrification and displacement pressures. As a consequence, demolition of this cultural heritage is a real risk face by European cities. The main intention of this project is to identify and evaluate how historic housing viewed as a valued element of cultural heritage can contribute to urban climate action, identifying both opportunities and good practices as well as social, economic and policy barriers. Our focus is on using existing formal and informal knowledge of this cultural heritage, including everyday practices of residents as well as strategies for climate adaptation and mitigation. Using a transnational approach, transdisciplinary expertise and local stakeholder insights, the project provides an analysis of the role of different actor constellations, regulations, and ownership structures of the housing stock in cities within four different urban contexts - Marseille, Vienna, Prague, and Glasgow – to create a toolkit (methodology) that comprises pan-European strategies and practices that assist in scaling up local strategies and practices for climate change mitigation for historic housing stock.