Urbanization rates are gradually rising and it is estimated that by 2050 around 80% of the world’s population will live in cities, while the total population of the earth is expected to increase by 3 billion. This upward trend can lead to food shortage, as arable land already cultivated to cover these feeding requirements amounts to 80% of available farmland. Through smart farming though, larger food production is possible because the production can take place during the whole year without interruptions, while weather conditions in many cases have no impact on it. Apart from a possible future food crisis that may arise from poor environmental management, another issue that arises is that of high pollution caused by the use of fossil fuels due to the transportations; it is estimated that the produced goods travel thousands of kilometers on average before they reach our table. Smart urban farming will also automatically nullify the distance from the production site to the table, providing a green solution to the above problem. Cultivation methods vary from crops in soil, terraces, gardens and balconies in our personal space to crops in community public spaces and gardens in suburban areas. We will focus on smart farming methods such as aquaponics that is the cultivation of fish and plants together in a constructed, recirculating ecosystem utilizing natural bacterial cycles to convert fish waste to plant nutrients. It is an environmentally friendly, natural food-growing method that harnesses the best attributes of aquaculture and hydroponics without the need to discard any water or filtrate or add chemical fertilizers. It enables growing food for oneself, the community, or for the market without the use of harmful pesticides and herbicides, while using the least amount of resources, thereby leaving the smallest carbon footprint. In addition, aquaponics is suitable for environments with limited land and water, which makes it an urban-friendly technology as well as a sustainable farming technique. This modern idea of smart farming, whether it is performed in greenhouses or through indoor techniques, can be optimized by utilizing the controlled-environment agriculture (CEA) technology, where all environmental factors i.e. temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, pH, etc. can be controlled and automated based on the Industry 4.0 trends.Most importantly, smart farming systems do not require much prior expert knowledge in order to start your own cultivation; it requires resources like a backyard or a rooftop, and a hands-on approach combined with the right skills. Nevertheless, in most countries throughout Europe, they are still in an infantile stage, even though it is rapidly developing during the last few years. Especially concerning the project’s participating countries (Bulgaria, Greece, Romania, Turkey and Cyprus) where farming and fishing are two very important – yet not as modernized – industries, new smart farming methods cannot be located in many curricula of VET organizations or HEIs, nor are there many large-scale establishments, either for profit or non-profit.This is why the partners have come together to establish the “Smart Farming 4.0 All” consortium, in order to conduct extensive desk and field research addressed to a wide variety of relevant stakeholders and professionals, to create a Smart Farming Handbook and disseminate it freely to everybody interested, and to develop specific training curricula that will be utilized to train experts from the participating organizations as “carriers” of innovation, in order to be able to spread and mainstream this novel method back to their regions. Therefore, the project will have a wide consequent impact to different sectors and countries that, nonetheless, face similar challenges. Also, taking under account the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the project’s implementation will provide a common set of tools that will be addressed and disseminated to everybody interested to – literally – get their hands dirty: young and adult students, entrepreneurs and fellow professionals, academics, trainers and even policymakers will be presented with the project’s results and the ability to utilize them, each one for their respective purposes, but always with a view to sustainable development.