Our PIER investigations focus on how unconscious social emotion regulation mechanisms like skin-warming and oxytocin secretion underlie soothing parent?s soothing towards their child. Crucially, we propose a cost-effective, theoretically based warm touch intervention. We commence by studying naturally occurring and experimentally manipulated parents? skin temperature in response to infants? distress, examining its relation to emotional sensitivity in caregivers? soothing. Second, we study how our intervention improves comparable regulation skills for the child. Our approach provides important theoretical gains, while at the same time providing important behavioral interventions that allows us studying and improving social emotion regulation in children?s later life.