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Valvular heart disease (VHD) has become an epidemic and nearly two million people in the UK suffer from it. This number is expected to double by 2040. About half of those affected by VHD are unaware of their condition. Early diagnosis is the key to providing essential treatment and preventing untimely death. We are developing an intelligent stethoscope to automatically detect heart murmurs and the underlying pathology, which would help provide early diagnosis of VHD. Currently, heart murmurs are picked up as a part of a physical exam by GP using a stethoscope. However, VHD can often become severe before symptoms develop, meaning many patients may only be picked up when they have already developed irreversible complications, such as heart failure, or post-mortem. The AI-enabled stethoscope proposed could provide a much higher accuracy than could be achieved by trained practitioners via auscultation. It could also be used by less-skilled healthcare professionals in a screening program for those at risk or by patients for at-home monitoring. This would reduce the number of missed diagnoses, reduce the burden on GPs of detection, and support early intervention to minimise morbidity and mortality.
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