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Fuel poverty is on the rise worldwide. The statistics have indicated that the fuel poverty rate in Leicester is amongst the highest in England (LCC, 2023). However, it has been challenging to address it and its impact due to the lack of knowledge about its daily impact on people's lives, especially the most vulnerable groups including Black and minority ethnic (BME) lone parents (Lee et al., 2022). No UK studies are known to date that aim to explore the impact of fuel poverty on BME lone parents' daily lives. Fuel poverty impacts everyone very differently, meaning their reactions to fuel poverty will vary, including going into debt, avoiding putting the heating on, and skipping meals (Middlemiss, 2017). Therefore, the impact of fuel poverty can include decreased physical and mental health of parents and children, including an increased number of physical diseases, including respiratory and cardiovascular, colds and flu, and even deaths (Geddes et al., 2011), also increased stress, risk of suicide, depression, anxiety, paranoia, and isolation (Lee et al., 2022; Mohan, 2022). Additionally, it has been found that parental mental health struggles can contribute to adverse childhood experiences, impacting children's mental health and health across the lifespan (Straatmann et al., 2020). Therefore, exploring fuel poverty's impact on parenting may add knowledge on how to improve families' mental health. Taking into consideration factors like racism, poorer housing, unemployment, and stigma that affect BME households suggests that BME lone mothers can be disproportionally affected by fuel poverty yet remain hugely under-researched (Onwumere et al., 2023). Leicester is a diverse city that continuously works on decreasing inequality and tackling poverty because it has high levels of deprivation and fuel poverty (LCC, 2023). Therefore, the urgency of addressing fuel poverty in BME lone mothers in Leicester is undeniable. This study will aim to understand how BME lone mothers experience fuel poverty and its impact on their lives using a qualitative multimethodological approach. Semi-structured interviews will be used as it is a flexible yet focused approach allowing an in-depth understanding of participant experience (Dicicco-Bloom & Crabtree, 2006). While, visual methods in the form of participant-produced photographs will increase the richness of collected data, adding depth and knowledge by creating an opportunity for participants to share thoughts with abundant meaning that could be hard to express verbally (Williamson, 2019). The data will be analysed using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis which is a participant-oriented approach that is dedicated to exploring and making sense of participants' lived experiences (Alase, 2017). Furthermore, The Public Health Directorate of the Leicester City Council will be a member of the Project Advisory Board of this study, with continuous consultation throughout the research duration, and active participation in shaping the research design and data collection processes. Also, they will grant access to their community centres for data collection and community dissemination activities. This study will aim to fill the existing knowledge gap about BME lone mothers' experience of fuel poverty and inform policymakers, agencies and charities, and health services. Additionally, the Committee on Climate Change (2019) stated that studying fuel poverty should remain a priority in order to understand how to support the most vulnerable groups when achieving Net Zero goals.
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