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Dissolved iron (II) in the Baltic Sea surface water and implications for cyanobacterial bloom development
Copyright policy )Dissolved iron (II) in the Baltic Sea surface water and implications for cyanobacterial bloom development
Iron chemistry measurements were conducted during summer 2007 at two distinct locations in the Baltic Sea (Gotland Deep and Landsort Deep) to evaluate the role of iron for cyanobacterial bloom development in these estuarine waters. Depth profiles of Fe(II) were measured by chemiluminescent flow injection analysis (CL-FIA). Up to 0.9 nmol Fe(II) L<sup>−1</sup> were detected in light penetrated surface waters, which constitutes up to 20% to the dissolved Fe pool. This bioavailable iron source is a major contributor to the Fe requirements of Baltic Sea phytoplankton and apparently plays a major role for cyanobacterial bloom development during our study. Measured Fe(II) half life times in oxygenated water exceed predicted values and indicate organic Fe(II) complexation. Potential sources for Fe(II) ligands, including rainwater, are discussed. Fe(II) concentrations of up to 1.44 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> were detected at water depths below the euphotic zone, but above the oxic anoxic interface. Mixed layer depths after strong wind events are not deep enough in summer time to penetrate the oxic-anoxic boundary layer. However, Fe(II) from anoxic bottom water may enter the sub-oxic zone via diapycnal mixing and diffusion.
- University of Otago New Zealand
- Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres Germany
- Stockholm University Sweden
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Germany
- Luleå University of Technology Sweden
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Mixed layer Algal bloom Bottom water Phytoplankton Photic zone Plankton Anoxic waters Oceanography Environmental science Surface water
Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:Life lcsh:QH540-549.5 lcsh:QE1-996.5 lcsh:Geology lcsh:QH501-531 lcsh:Ecology
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes, Geokemi, Geochemistry
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes, Geokemi, Geochemistry
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Mixed layer Algal bloom Bottom water Phytoplankton Photic zone Plankton Anoxic waters Oceanography Environmental science Surface water
Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:Life lcsh:QH540-549.5 lcsh:QE1-996.5 lcsh:Geology lcsh:QH501-531 lcsh:Ecology
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- University of Otago New Zealand
- Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres Germany
- Stockholm University Sweden
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Germany
- Luleå University of Technology Sweden
- University of Gothenburg Sweden
Iron chemistry measurements were conducted during summer 2007 at two distinct locations in the Baltic Sea (Gotland Deep and Landsort Deep) to evaluate the role of iron for cyanobacterial bloom development in these estuarine waters. Depth profiles of Fe(II) were measured by chemiluminescent flow injection analysis (CL-FIA). Up to 0.9 nmol Fe(II) L<sup>−1</sup> were detected in light penetrated surface waters, which constitutes up to 20% to the dissolved Fe pool. This bioavailable iron source is a major contributor to the Fe requirements of Baltic Sea phytoplankton and apparently plays a major role for cyanobacterial bloom development during our study. Measured Fe(II) half life times in oxygenated water exceed predicted values and indicate organic Fe(II) complexation. Potential sources for Fe(II) ligands, including rainwater, are discussed. Fe(II) concentrations of up to 1.44 nmol L<sup>−1</sup> were detected at water depths below the euphotic zone, but above the oxic anoxic interface. Mixed layer depths after strong wind events are not deep enough in summer time to penetrate the oxic-anoxic boundary layer. However, Fe(II) from anoxic bottom water may enter the sub-oxic zone via diapycnal mixing and diffusion.