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Carbon dioxide in European coastal waters
We compiled from literature annually integrated air-water fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) computed from field measurements, in 20 coastal European environments that were gathered into 3 main ecosystems: inner estuaries, upwelling continental shelves and non-upwelling continental shelves. The comparison of annual cycles of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)) in 5 contrasting continental shelves provided insights into the biogeochemical drivers of the CO2 fluxes. The latter were also investigated by comparing CO2 fluxes to net ecosystem (NEP) and net community production (NCP) in 3 contrasted coastal ecosystems. Air-water CO2 fluxes were scaled at European regional level and compared to fluxes of atmospheric CO2 in other aquatic and terrestrial compartments. Continental shelves are significant sinks for atmospheric CO2 at an average rate of -1.9 molC m(-2) yr(-1) that scaled at European level corresponds to an absorption of atmospheric CO2 of -68.1 TgC yr(-1). This sink is equivalent to the one reported for the terrestrial biosphere of -66.1 TgC yr(-1), based on carbon-stock change models. Estuaries are significant sources of CO2 to the atmosphere at an average rate of 49.9 molC m(-2) yr(-1) that is higher than the CO2 emission to the atmosphere from rivers, streams and lakes. The scaled emission of CO2 to the atmosphere from inner estuaries of about 67.0 TgC yr(-1) would almost fully balance the sink of atmospheric CO2 computed for continental shelves. However, the scaled emission of CO2 from estuaries to the atmosphere is inconsistent with the potential emission of CO2 based on the fate of river organic carbon during estuarine transit. This discrepancy is most probably due to the poorly constrained surface area estimate of inner estuaries. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Carboeurope-GHG, CARBOOCEAN, EUROPTROPH, CANOPY, PEACE, SOLAS.BE
ACM Computing Classification System: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Ecosystem Environmental science Continental shelf geography.geographical_feature_category geography Total organic carbon Upwelling Carbon dioxide chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Sink (geography) Oceanography Biogeochemical cycle Biosphere
Life sciences, Aquatic sciences & oceanology, Sciences du vivant, Sciences aquatiques & océanologie, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, carbon dioxide, fluxes, coastal ecosystems, estuaries, Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences, Earth sciences & physical geography, Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre, Sciences de la terre & géographie physique
Life sciences, Aquatic sciences & oceanology, Sciences du vivant, Sciences aquatiques & océanologie, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, carbon dioxide, fluxes, coastal ecosystems, estuaries, Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences, Earth sciences & physical geography, Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre, Sciences de la terre & géographie physique
ACM Computing Classification System: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Ecosystem Environmental science Continental shelf geography.geographical_feature_category geography Total organic carbon Upwelling Carbon dioxide chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Sink (geography) Oceanography Biogeochemical cycle Biosphere
- Université Paris Diderot France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité France
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Netherlands
- UNIVERSITE BORDEAUX I France
- Liege University
101111
Abril, G., Borges, A.V., 2004. Carbon dioxide and methane emissions from estuaries. In: Tremblay, A., Varfalvy, L., Roehm, C., Garneau, M. (Eds.), Greenhouse gases emissions from natural environments and hydroelectric reservoirs: fluxes and processes. Springer-Verlag, 187-207.
Abril, G., Commarieu, M.-V., Maro, D., Fontugne, M., Guérin, F., Etcheber, H., 2004. A massive dissolved inorganic carbon release at spring tide in a highly turbid estuary. Geophysical Research Letters 31, L09316 (doi:10.1029/2004GL019714). [OpenAIRE]
Abril, G., Etcheber, H., Delille, B., Frankignoulle, M., Borges, A.V., 2003. Carbonate dissolution in the turbid and eutrophic Loire estuary. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 259, 129-138. [OpenAIRE]
Abril, G., Nogueira, E., Hetcheber, H., Cabeçadas, G., Lemaire, E., Brogueira, M.J., 2002. Behaviour of organic carbon in nine contrasting European estuaries. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 54, 241-262. [OpenAIRE]
Abril, G., Etcheber, H., Borges, A.V., Frankignoulle, M., 2000. Excess atmospheric carbon dioxide transported by rivers into the Scheldt estuary. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences Série II Fascicule A- Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 330(11), 761-768. [OpenAIRE]
Algesten, G., Wikner, J., Sobek, S., Tranvik, L.J., Jansson, M., 2004. Seasonal variation of CO2 saturation in the Gulf of Bothnia: Indications of marine net heterotrophy. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18(4), GB4021 (doi:10.1029/2004GB002232).
Álvarez-Salgado, X.A., Doval, M.D., Borges, A.V., Joint, I., Frankignoulle, M., Woodward, E.M.S., Figueiras, F.G., 2001. Off-shelf fluxes of labile materials by an upwelling filament in the NW Iberian Upwelling System. Progress in Oceanography 51(2-4), 321-337.
Amiotte-Suchet, P., Probst, J.L., 1995. A global model for present-day atmospheric/soil CO2 consumption by chemical erosion of continental rocks (GEM-CO2). Tellus B 47(1-2), 273-280. [OpenAIRE]
Andersson, A.J., Mackenzie, F.T., 2004. Shallow-water oceans: a source or sink of atmospheric CO2? Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2(7), 348-353.
Arístegui, J., Álvarez-Salgado, X.A., Barton, E.D., Figueiras, F.G., Hernández-Léon, S., Roy, C., Santos, A.M.P., 2004. Oceanography and fisheries of the Canary current/Iberian region of the Eastern North Atlantic. In: Robinson, A.R., Brink, K.H. (Eds). The Sea 14, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 877-927.
- Université Paris Diderot France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité France
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology Netherlands
- UNIVERSITE BORDEAUX I France
- Liege University
- University of Liège Belgium
- University of Bordeaux France
- Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Netherlands
- University of Liege (ULG)
- Université de Liège (ULiège) Belgium
We compiled from literature annually integrated air-water fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) computed from field measurements, in 20 coastal European environments that were gathered into 3 main ecosystems: inner estuaries, upwelling continental shelves and non-upwelling continental shelves. The comparison of annual cycles of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)) in 5 contrasting continental shelves provided insights into the biogeochemical drivers of the CO2 fluxes. The latter were also investigated by comparing CO2 fluxes to net ecosystem (NEP) and net community production (NCP) in 3 contrasted coastal ecosystems. Air-water CO2 fluxes were scaled at European regional level and compared to fluxes of atmospheric CO2 in other aquatic and terrestrial compartments. Continental shelves are significant sinks for atmospheric CO2 at an average rate of -1.9 molC m(-2) yr(-1) that scaled at European level corresponds to an absorption of atmospheric CO2 of -68.1 TgC yr(-1). This sink is equivalent to the one reported for the terrestrial biosphere of -66.1 TgC yr(-1), based on carbon-stock change models. Estuaries are significant sources of CO2 to the atmosphere at an average rate of 49.9 molC m(-2) yr(-1) that is higher than the CO2 emission to the atmosphere from rivers, streams and lakes. The scaled emission of CO2 to the atmosphere from inner estuaries of about 67.0 TgC yr(-1) would almost fully balance the sink of atmospheric CO2 computed for continental shelves. However, the scaled emission of CO2 from estuaries to the atmosphere is inconsistent with the potential emission of CO2 based on the fate of river organic carbon during estuarine transit. This discrepancy is most probably due to the poorly constrained surface area estimate of inner estuaries. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Carboeurope-GHG, CARBOOCEAN, EUROPTROPH, CANOPY, PEACE, SOLAS.BE