DIRECTA (Deep learnIng in REal time for the Cherenkov Telescope Array), as the name states, is a project to apply deep learning solutions based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), in real-time. It is a continuation of the GammaLearn project, that already demonstrated the applicability of CNNs to CTA data, and of the ACADA work package that is developing the real-time analysis for CTA using the standard reconstruction techniques. Its objective is the demonstration of the applicability of CNNs in real-time for CTA with a working proof-of-concept applied to the already observing Large-Sized Telescope 1 (LST-1) and later to the LST-2 and Mid-Sized Telescope 1 whose construction will start in 2023. It will greatly improve CTA's reconstruction performances in real-time necessary for the study of transient sources such as gamma-ray bursts and flaring active galactic nuclei, of the Lorentz Invariance Violation and of the Extragalactic Background Light.

Radiative decays of B hadrons are flavour changing neutral currents (FCNC) proceeding at quark level through a b→qγ transition (q=s,d). Alike semileptonic decays (b→ql+l- where l=e,μ,τ), they are only allowed at loop-level in the Standard Model (SM) which originally made them an excellent probe for tree-level new physics contributions. FCNCs were observed at Tevatron and B-factories with properties compatible with SM values. From then on, they are serving precision tests at LHC experiments, and notably at LHCb. Another side of the physics reach of radiative decays is the determination of the quark mixing parameters, encoded in the Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. Together with other experimental observables, radiative data can improve the constraints on the small set of independent matrix parameters, in particular through a determination of the |Vtd/Vts| ratio. CKM metrology therefore performs powerful consistency tests of the quark sector of the SM. A key observable in radiative decays is the polarisation of the emitted photon. Indeed, the chirality of the weak interaction dictates that the rate of b→qγ transitions is dominated by a left-handed amplitude while the right-handed amplitude is suppressed by the ratio of quark masses mq/mb. Departure from this prediction would be a clear signal for new physics. Several methods to indirectly measure the photon polarisation were proposed, each posing specific experimental and theoretical challenges. The method of AGS oscillations [1] exploits the time-dependent asymmetry in B and B radiative decays. Thanks to a cancellation of QCD uncertainties, the SM prediction for the asymmetry is quite precise. Furthermore, the method applies to several exclusive Bd and Bs decay modes provided their final state is an eigenstate of CP symmetry, allowing for independent tests and a powerful combination of the results. This project aims to maximise the sensitivity of the current and future LHCb datasets to new physics effects through AGS oscillations. This should be achieved by first considering the full inclusive mass spectrum of final-state hadrons (rather than the mass region where only one resonance dominates) thanks to a better control of the increased backgrounds and a time-dependent amplitude analysis of the Dalitz plot; and secondly by considering several experimentally accessible Bd and Bs decay modes and combining the CP measurements in each of them. A second side of the project is the determination of the |Vtd/Vts| CKM ratio using Cabibbo-favoured b→sγ and Cabibbo-suppressed b→dγ transitions. While this was done at B-factories with Bd decays only, LHCb should be able to also propose a measurement in Bs decays (for which no sensitivity is reported in the Belle2 physics book). Given the backgrounds, the mass resolution in that last case is crucial and this measurement necessarily relies on samples of photons reconstructed as e+e- pairs rather than standalone calorimeter clusters. The low reconstruction efficiency for such photons (converting into the detector material) makes the measurement of the Bs suppressed decay very challenging, even when the Run3 dataset will be made available. It is thus proposed to improve the algorithm itself and deploy it as soon as possible during Run3. [1] D. Atwood, M. Gronau and A. Soni, arXiv:hep-ph/9704272

The first new measurement of the Hubble constant (H0) using gravitational waves has been made in 2017. The upcoming data taking of the upgraded LIGO and Virgo detectors should bring results of astrophysical relevance for H0, at the condition that significant progresses are made with the detectors calibration. The ACALCO project objective is to do this R&D to reach a sub-percent absolute calibration uncertainty of the Virgo detector by 2025. The plan is to pursue a combined approach. On the one hand, develop a new calibration system based on the generation of a variable Newtonian gravitational field produced by rotating masses. This technique has been recently explored and could become the new absolute calibration reference. On the other hand, improve the technique which uses the radiation pressure of an auxiliary laser whose power is modulated, to use it as an accurate cross reference and as a system to extend the calibration the whole Virgo detector frequency band.

The discovery of a Higgs boson at the LHC Run 1 represents a milestone of particle physics. On the other hand, no clear sign of new phenomena beyond the Standard Model was found in the proton-proton collisions collected at 7 and 8 TeV at the LHC. The LHC Run 2 started in 2015, and ATLAS already collected and analyzed 3.2 fb$^{-1}$ of pp collisions at 13 TeV. The increased center of mass energy with respect to Run~1 has allowed ATLAS to search for new physics directly by looking for new particles, and will permit, in the years to come, to reveal NP through precision studies in the Higgs boson sector. In this context, final states involving photons will play an crucial role: di-photon events will be used to search additional Higgs-boson-like particles, while topologies with non-resonant photon pairs or single photons in presence of missing transverse energy will probe more exotic scenarios. In parallel, the study of the production of the Higgs boson associated with other objects represents an excellent opportunity to discover new physics: by exploiting the di-photon decay channel it will be possible to cleanly isolate the Higgs boson signal in events with additional objects, and to explore the possibility of its resonant or non-resonant production in association with new particles. In December 2015, ATLAS presented preliminary results on the search for diphoton final states, and these results were recently updated. A modest but intriguing excess of diphoton events with respect to the SM expectations was observed, corresponding to a mass of about 750 GeV, and the CMS collaboration also reported a similar excess. With the data collected in 2016, 8-to-10 times more than in 2015, it will be possible to establish the origin of the excess, while with the full Run 2 dataset, about 100 fb$^{-1}$ of pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, the consortium plans to complete a rich and diverse program of searches and precision measurement exploiting photons in the final state as unifying element. This project is organised around four collaborative axis, each one addressing one physics line, and three transverse tasks to optimise the performance of reconstructed objects.

The field of multi-messenger astrophysics is rapidly growing leading to many discoveries, thanks to the emergence of more and more sensitive detectors. This field has the potential to revolutionise our knowledge on the Universe, extending our understanding of the most powerful astrophysics phenomena and cosmology. The EU project “Technologies for multi-messenger astrophysics” (M2Tech) is built around several Research Infrastructures in the multi-messenger field (gamma-rays, neutrinos and gravitational waves): CTAO, MAGIC, KM3NeT, ET and Virgo. The major step in sensitivity for experiments in the construction and design phase can be funded on the experience of those of the previous generation to achieve more ambitious scientific goals together. The presence of precursor and successor Research Infrastructures in M2Tech is therefore a very relevant aspect for seeding technology and making it flourish further. The role of industries is growing because very specialised technologies are needed, as well as large productions of detecting elements. M2Tech aims at developing, in partnership with European industries, novel and advanced technologies and tools, which are crucial for the involved experiments: the optical surface coatings, the photosensors and their associated electronics, the data transfer technology, the synchronization and monitoring systems and tools, the data processing hardware and software and the tools for multi-messenger alerts. These technologies are widely used in other fields and in society, which will benefit from M2Tech results. M2Tech will advance the European detector developments through encouraged and intensified cooperation and innovation programs with industry. The competitiveness of the associated companies will be greatly enhanced through co-innovation between academia and industry. Another important aspect of M2Tech is to bring together the expertise of several Research Infrastructures and different communities for a wide sharing of knowledge, favouring cross-fertilisation and to arrive at common developments and optimise the use of resources. The M2Tech project has been submitted in the frame of the call for proposals “R&D for the next generation of scientific instrumentation, tools and methods” (INFRA-TECH) in 2022 and obtained a score of 11.50/15. Based on the evaluation report, the core members of the M2Tech consortium agreed on revising and resubmitting the project in the frame of the upcoming call for proposals INFRA-TECH 2024. The MRSEI project M2Tech-Net is crucial in order to revise the M2Tech consortium and to prepare a competitive M2Tech proposal for 2024. The aim is to adapt the scope and task of each work-package (WP) and identify the needed partners. To achieve this aim we plan to have two in person meetings: one with the WP leaders and one with the final consortium members. The WP leaders will meet remotely regularly during 2023 until the submission in March 2024.