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The objective of this project is to identify urban and regional mobility policies adapted to a pandemic context, similar to the challenges that have been raised by the current COVID-19 crisis. We will use a multimodal transportation simulation model to examine scenarios where strict health regulations are in force. Both periods of confinement and periods after confinement will be considered. The solutions we will propose focus on public transport supply to be developed in this context, as well as the opportunities that a significant shift to micromobility (bike, in particular) could bring. In each of the scenarios we will examine, an assessment of the level of emissions in order to draw up an energy and environmental picture of the situation. Concerning micromobility, the rules of social distancing are relatively easier to follow, and this represents an opportunity to reduce the level of emissions, energy consumption and, at the same time, to face the epidemiological situation. This research will benefit from a multimodal transportation model that we are already developing for the departments of the “Nord” and “Pas-de-Calais”. This model is now under the process of calibration and some preliminary simulations has been already performed. The framework we have used is based on a structured representation of agents' activities. This approach allows us to directly take into account changes in the rhythm of daily life, such as the development of teleworking. We will explicitly integrate an epidemiological model as well as the health measures adopted in public transport (e.g., reduction in vehicle loads, mandatory mask wearing, etc.). This research will enable us to make recommendations for adjustments in transport services to limit the spread of the pandemic while maintaining an appropriate level of service. As new opportunities for urban transport, where the majority of the trips are short and medium distances, we will focus on micromobility and its articulation with public transport supply.
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